131I-Anti-EGFRv Ⅲ的制备及对U87胶质瘤细胞的放射免疫效应

目的 研究放射性核素碘(131I)标记表皮生长因子受体Ⅲ型突变体单克隆抗体IgG(Anti-EGFRvⅢ)的方法及放射免疫活性,观察标记产物131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ对U87胶质瘤细胞的生物学效应.方法 利用Iodogen法标记131I至Anti-EGFRvⅢ,测定放化纯度、标记率、比活度、稳定性.经体外细胞结合试验分析131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ的免疫活性,通过MTT法检测放射免疫效应.结果 131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ放射化学纯度>90%,24、48、72 h放射性化学纯度依次为91.25%、90.74%和89.88%.标记率为64.56%,比活度为0.56 MBq/μg.131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ与U87细胞结合率为41.69%,1.110 MBq 131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ即有最大抑制细胞生长效应,随着时间延长,抑制效应更加明显.结论 Iodogen法标记131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ具有较好的放射免疫活性,体外能够有效抑制U87胶质瘤生长.     

131I-抗VEGF McAb的制备及其体外免疫结合活性鉴定

目的 制备^131I－抗VEGF McAb（^131I-sc－7269）,并探讨其作为肿瘤放射免疫显像剂的可能性。方法 采用Iodogen法碘化标记制备^131I-sc-7269。SephadexG50分离纯化标记产物,三氯醋酸法测定标记产物的放射化学纯度,体外细胞结合分析法鉴定^131I-sc-7269的免疫结合活性。结果 ①^131I标记率为27.46%,标记产物的放射性比活度为1.02MBq/μg,平均放射性化学纯度为96.20%。平均放射性浓度为18.30MBq/ml。②体外结合分析显示,^131I-sc-7269与人膀胱癌T24细胞结合率达59.12%,而与人脐静脉血管内皮细胞结合率仅为7.16%（P＜0.001)。^131I-sc-7269 4℃保存7d后与T24细胞的结合率仍为56.31%。结论 本实验制备的^131I-sc-7269,其放射性化学纯度＞95％,有良好的免疫活性和稳定性,具备作为放射性显像剂的备件。     

Iodogen法~(125)I标记超氧化物歧化酶的研究

报道用Iodogen法研究了SOD的~(126)I标记。本法采用正交设计La(3~4)表对影响标记的3个因素(Iodogen 量、标记温度和标记时间),每个因素的3个水平进行了试验,仅做9组实验,就确定了最佳标记条件。标记产物~(126)I—SOD 用Sephadex G25色层柱进行分离,γ放射性测量确定标记率,纸色层法测定放化纯度,肾上腺素自氧化分光光度法测定相对活性。结果表明,对20μgSOD,Iodogen 量为50μg,标记温度为15℃,标记反应时间为15min 时,~(126)I 的标记率可达79.0%,~(126)I—SOD 的放化纯度为95.7%,相对活性为98.2%。估算~(126)I—SOD 产品比活度为2.92×10~(6)Bq/μgSOD。同时还作了提高产品比活度和~(126)I—SOD 稳定性的实验。     

131I-抗VEGF McAb在荷人膀胱癌裸鼠移植瘤体内分布的实验研究

目的 研究^131I-sc-7269在荷人膀胱癌裸鼠体内生物学分布情况，探讨^131I-sc-7269放射免疫治疗实验性人膀胱癌的可行性。方法 ①Iodogen法标记抗－VEGF McAb（sc－7269）;②荷人浸润性膀胱癌裸鼠移植膜型的建立；③荷瘤裸鼠^131I-sc－7269体内分布实验。结果 ①^131I-sc-7269比活度为1.00MBq/μg（放射性浓度为18.30MBq/ml），放射性化学纯度为96.20%。②^131I-sc-7269在肿瘤组织中浓聚的峰时为注入标记抗体后96h，此时各组织T／NT比值为最高。结论 ①采用Iodogen法标记的^131I-sc-7269免疫活性无改变；②^131I-sc-7269动物模型肿瘤／膀胱放射性峰时出现的96h，比值高达6.44,为应用^131I-sc-7269放射治疗人膀胱癌的研究提供了实验依据；③本实验研究为进一步开展应用放射性核素标记McAb(sc-7269）放射免疫治疗（RIT）与放射免疫导引手术（RIGS）治疗膀胱癌的实验研究奠定了基础。     

131I-血管生成抑制素的制备及其特性

目的从人血浆中分离血管生成抑制素(angiostatin, AG),并用131I标记,为进行131I-AG在荷瘤小鼠体内生物动力学实验打下基础. 方法利用亲和层析从人血浆中纯化纤溶酶原,并在层析柱内进行弹性蛋白酶有限消化产生angiostatin片段,将提纯的AG用氯胺-T法和Iodogen法进行131I标记,用含2 g*L-1胎牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.5, 0.5 mol*L-1)进行洗脱,比较上述两种产物131I-AG的标记率、比活度和体外稳定性,并通过牛主动脉血管内皮细胞(BAE细胞)生长抑制实验,对其免疫活性进行了评价. 结果氯胺-T法标记率为71.2%～81.7%,比活度为1.24～2.83 TBq*g-1. Iodogen法标记率为77.8%～ 86.7%,比活度为 1.28～3.96 TBq*g-1. 两种标记产物体外-20℃存放7 d,放化纯度分别降至原来的68%和70%. 该方法标记后131I-AG对BAE细胞生长有很强的抑制作用,且该作用呈剂量依赖性. 结论采用"一步法"通过L-lysine亲和层析可以从人血浆中分离、纯化出AG;Iodogen法标记获得的131I-AG标记率、比活度、免疫活性和稳定性较高.     

^131I标记内皮抑素的方法学研究

目的探索用^131I标记内皮抑素（Endostatin,ES）的方法,并研究标记产物的体外稳定性及其生物活性。方法用Iodogen法对ES进行^131I标记,用正交设计筛选最佳标记条件;对标记产物用Sephadex G-25层析柱进行分离纯化,并计算标记率,用纸层析法测放化纯;产物静置以观察其体外稳定性;用人脐静脉内皮细胞系ECV304观察其生物活性。结果Iodogen法最佳标记条件为ES20μg,Iodogen50μg,^131I18.5MBq,反应时间1min,标记率可达65.0%。产物在体外稳定;细胞培养观察其对内皮细胞抑制率高于单用ES或^131I,有显著性差异。结论用Iodogen法对ES进行^131I标记简单高效,标记产物生物活性未受明显破坏。     

Iodogen法125I标记重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子的研究

采用Iodogen(四氯二苯基苷脲)法进行125I标记重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF),标记物用SephadexG-25柱凝胶过滤法分离、纯化,用薄层层析法和三氯醋酸法鉴定标记物的放射化学纯度、游离碘率及碘标记率和标记物的稳定性.结果标记物的放化纯度为97.8%,碘标记率为78.4%,比活度为86.34 TBq/mmol.用Iodogen法125I标记rhG-CSF,方法简便、标记率高、稳定性好.     

Iodogen法^125Ⅰ标记重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子的研究

采用Iodogen(四氯二苯基苷脲)法进行^125Ⅰ标记重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)，标记物用SephadexG-25柱凝胶过滤法分离、纯化，用薄层层析法和三氯醋酸法鉴定标记物的放射化学纯度、游离碘率及碘标记率和标记物的稳定性。结果标记物的放化纯度为97．8％，碘标记率为78．4％，比活度为86．34TBq／mmol。用Iodogen法^125Ⅰ标记rhG-CSF，方法简便、标记率高、稳定性好。     

131I-rhTSH在荷人分化型甲状腺癌裸鼠模型的体内分布和放射免疫显像

目的：以重组人促甲状腺素（recombinant human thyrotropin,rhTSH）为靶向探针,测定131I标记rhTSH的标记率、放化纯度和比活度,并探讨其在荷人分化型甲状腺癌（differentiated thyroid carcinoma,DTC）裸鼠模型中的体内分布情况和放射免疫显像（radioimmunoimaging,RII）。方法：采用氯胺T法,利用131I标记rhTSH,Sephadex G25M 柱纯化放射性标记物,纸层析法测定其标记率、放化纯度、室温稳定性及血清稳定性,并计算其放射性比活度,进而研究该放射性标记药物在荷K1裸鼠模型中的生物分布及RII情况。结果：131I-rhTSH标记率为（93.04±1.13）%,放化纯度为（97.71±1.14）%,比活度为（4.92±0.06）MBq/μg;131I-rhTSH放于室温1、6、12、24 h后所测得的放射性化学纯度分别为（92.94±0.34）%、（91.81±0.64）%、（91.38±1.20）%、（90.43±0.74）%;而与血清孵育1、6、12、24 h后所测得的放射性化学纯度分别为（92.59±0.73）%、（91.33±0.98）%、（91.01±0.73）%、（89.58±1.33）%。荷K1裸鼠模型的体内分布及单光子发射型计算机断层成像（single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT）显示分子探针131I-rhTSH可以在肿瘤组织中靶向聚集,在24 h 时肿瘤/肌肉（T/NT）比达最高,且肿瘤显影最清晰。结论：成功制备了分子探针131I-rhTSH,在荷人DTC裸鼠模型中有较好的靶向作用,为DTC的进一步诊治奠定基础。     

131I-抗VEGF McAb的制备及其体外免疫结合活性鉴定

目的　制备131I-抗-VEGFMcAb（131I-sc-7269）,并探讨其作为肿瘤放射免疫显像剂的可能性。方法　采用Iodogen法碘化标记制备131I-sc-7269。SephadexG50分离纯化标记产物,三氯醋酸法测定标记产物的放射化学纯度,体外细胞结合分析法鉴定131I-sc-7269的免疫结合活性。结果　①131I标记率为27.46%,标记产物的放射性比活度为1.02MBq/μg,平均放射性化学纯度为96.20%。平均放射性浓度为18.30MBq/ml。②体外结合分析显示,131I-sc-7269与人膀胱癌T24细胞结合率达59.12%,而与人脐静脉血管内皮细胞结合率仅为7.16%（P<0.001）。131I-sc-72694℃保存7d后与T24细胞的结合率仍为56.31%。结论　本实验制备的131I-sc-7269,其放射性化学纯度>95%,有良好的免疫活性和稳定性,具备作为放射性显像剂的条件。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.