关节镜跟腱360°清理并跟骨成形术治疗跟腱Haglund综合征

目的研究关节镜跟腱360°清理并跟骨成形术治疗跟腱Haglund综合征的临床疗效。方法 2013年12月至2015年3月24例跟腱Haglund综合征患者采用关节镜跟腱360°清理并跟骨成形术治疗。男17例,女7例;年龄18~59岁,平均42.5岁。术前摄全足负重侧位X线片及跟腱MRI,根据跟腱Haglund综合征MRI分级,Ⅰ级5例,Ⅱ级10例,Ⅲ级4例,Ⅳ级5例。术前、术后进行美国足踝外科协会(American orthopaedic foot and ankle society,AOFAS)踝-后足功能评分。结果 24例均获随访,随访时间5~16个月,平均9.3个月。术前AOFAS踝-后足功能评分平均50分,术后末次随访时平均88.2分,与术前相比AOFAS踝-后足功能评分明显提高。优18例,良4例,可2例,优良率为91.7%。结论关节镜跟腱360°清理并跟骨成形术治疗跟腱Haglund综合征可获得良好的临床疗效。     

关节镜清理并跟骨成形减压术治疗跟腱Haglund综合征

目的探讨关节镜清理并跟骨成形减压术治疗跟腱Haglund综合征的临床疗效。方法采用关节镜清理并跟骨成形减压术治疗37例跟腱Haglund综合征患者。术前及术后3、6、12个月进行AOFAS踝-后足功能评分和疼痛VAS评分。随访观察复发情况及踝关节功能。结果术中手术野清晰,手术时间21～45(34. 0±2. 7) min。X线片显示:斜平行线(跟骨下表面骨皮质连线与通过距骨后下缘的平行线)术前阳性,术后阴性。患者均获得随访,时间12～19(13. 0±1. 9)个月。术后3、6、12个月与术前比较,AOFAS踝-后足功能评分明显提高(P 0. 05),VAS评分明显降低(P 0. 05)。结论关节镜清理并跟骨成形减压术治疗跟腱Haglund综合征安全可行,临床效果良好。     

手术治疗Haglund综合征17例

目的:观察手术切除跟骨结节及跟腱钙化灶并用铆钉固定跟腱止点治疗Haglund综合征的疗效。方法:对17例经保守治疗无效的Haglund综合征患者采用手术切除跟骨结节及跟腱钙化灶并用铆钉固定跟腱止点治疗。术后复查相关影像学资料,采用AOFAS踝-后足功能评分标准对患足踝功能进行评估。结果:所有患者切口均一期愈合,随访时间为7~21个月,平均15.8个月,末次随访见患足踝关节主被动活动均正常,无足踝部皮肤感觉减弱等相关后遗症发生。随访AOFAS功能评分为81~98分,平均87.6分。优15足,良4足,可2足,优良率为90.48%。影像学资料提示跟腱愈合良好,周围无炎性反应、水肿及骨质增生。结论:对保守治疗3~6个月无效或效果不佳的Haglund综合征患者采用手术切除跟骨结节及跟腱钙化灶并用铆钉固定跟腱止点,操作简单,术后功能恢复满意。     

Haglund综合征的诊治进展

目的对跟骨Haglund综合征诊治的研究现状进行文献回顾总结。方法广泛查阅国内外近年有关Haglund综合征的文献,对Haglund综合征的病因、解剖、临床表现、诊断及治疗进行总结分析。结果 Haglund综合征的病因尚不十分明确,可能与局部摩擦、腓肠肌张力较高有关,也可能存在一定的遗传倾向性。跟骨后方局部解剖较为复杂,邻近组织结构较多。Haglund畸形可引起跟骨后方滑囊和跟腱止点的撞击,导致跟骨后滑囊及跟腱止点的磨损,从而出现疼痛症状。X线片上FPA(Fowler-Philipp angle)、CPA(calcaneal pith angle)、PPL(parallel pitch lines)、CLA(Chauveaux-Liet angle)和X/Y比值(跟骨总长度与跟骨大结节长度的比值)可用于Haglund畸形的诊断。治疗方法包括保守治疗和手术治疗(开放Haglund骨突切除术、跟骨截骨术和关节镜下Haglund骨突切除术)。结论开放或关节镜下Haglund骨突切除术以及跟骨截骨术治疗Haglund综合征均可获得满意疗效,但微创治疗是目前发展趋势。手术中需注意跟腱止点钙化的处理以及跟腱止点的重建。     

Haglund病的手术治疗体会

背景：目前在Haglund病的治疗中，手术治疗指征及方法尚存在争议。目的：探讨应用带线锚钉重建跟腱止点治疗Haglund病的临床效果。方法：2009年1月至2013年11月我院收治Haglund病患者15例，其中男10例，女5例；年龄37~58岁，平均42.5岁。采用锚钉重建跟腱止点。术后进行临床及影像学随访，采用AOFAS踝-后足功能评分标准进行足踝部功能评估。结果：所有患者伤口均一期愈合，无皮肤坏死和切口周围麻木。术后随访6~22个月，平均15.8个月，末次随访AOFAS踝-后足功能评分为71~93分（平均83.6分）。其中优10足，良3足，可2足，优良率为86.7%。X线检查未见跟腱周围新生骨增生，MR提示跟腱愈合良好。结论：在严格掌握手术适应证的前提下，采用锚钉重建跟腱止点治疗Haglund病，手术操作简单，疗效确切，并发症少。但远期临床疗效仍需进一步观察。     

拇长屈肌腱转位治疗顽固性跟腱止点病

目的探讨拇长屈肌腱转位治疗顽固性跟腱止点病的临床疗效。方法对30例顽固性跟腱止点病患者采用跟腱清创、拇长屈肌腱转位的术式进行跟腱重建。采用VISA-A评分评价疗效。结果患者均获得随访,时间25～43个月。VISA-A评分:术前为37. 50分±2. 70分,末次随访时为80. 80分±3. 10分,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 01)。1例因切口愈合不良行清创后重新缝合,其余患者无并发症发生。结论跟腱止点病的手术治疗不仅要去除跟腱腱体的病变,还要创造良好的腱周环境。拇长屈肌腱转位技术治疗顽固性跟腱止点病可获得满意的疗效。     

关节镜下清理及跟骨成形术治疗Haglund病

目的探讨Haglund病的关节镜手术治疗效果。方法对2014年4月至2017年3月收治的16例Haglund病例进行回顾性分析,男4例,女12例;年龄22~55岁,平均33.5岁。手术方法采用俯卧位,跟腱内外侧入路,关节镜下行跟骨后炎性滑囊的彻底清理及跟骨后上方结节的切除(跟骨成形术)。术后患肢无需固定制动,早期康复锻炼,允许患者在可承受的范围内负重,定期随访。结果 16例患者切口均一期愈合,无感染及皮肤坏死。随访3~31个月,平均15.1个月。采用美国足踝外科协会(American orthopaedic foot and ankle society score,AOFAS)踝与后足功能评分,术前平均(43.5±7.6)分,术后平均(90.4±8.1)分,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)术前平均(7.2±1.7)分,术后平均(2.3±1.0)分,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结果优11例,良4例,一般1例。结论关节镜下清理及跟骨成形术是治疗Haglund病的有效方法,具有切口小、恢复快、并发症少的优点,可有效缓解疼痛,改善功能。     

跟骨内移截骨治疗获得性扁平足临床分析

[目的]探讨跟骨内移截骨治疗扁平足的要点及临床疗效.[方法]自2006年1月～2009年12月,采取跟骨内移截骨及联合手术治疗扁平足3l例,男17例,女14例;年龄19～50岁(平均26.7岁).术前均摄足侧位及跟骨轴位X线片及跟骨CT,测量第1跖距角5°～32°(平均22.3°).均有跟腱挛缩、外移、跟骨外翻、前足旋前外展(负重位外观),有疼痛,根据美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)踝后足评分标准评分平均45.8分.胫后肌腱功能不全均二级.单纯跟骨内移截骨13例,跟骨内移截骨加跟腱延长4例,跟骨内移截骨加跟腱延长及趾长屈肌腱移位14例.[结果]术后随访6～26个月(平均18.8个月),内侧纵弓较手术前增加,内侧柱高度由术前(8.5±3.2)mm增至(16.3±4.1)mm(t=8.35,P≤0.001),10例疼痛消失,15例减轻,6例无明显改变.第1跖距角由术前5°～32°(平均22.3°±4.5°)降至0°～7°(平均3.2°±1.4°) (t=22.57,P≤0.001).足外翻及外展明显改善,有效率80.6%(25/31),(AOFAS)踝后足评分平均84.5分.[结论]跟骨体部截骨手术治疗可屈性平足疗,能够可靠地纠正平足症的跟骨外翻畸形,部分恢复其内侧纵弓,改善足的负重和足踝部生物力学特性,术中根据情况联合其他术式提高疗效,同时应严格掌握适应证.     

Zadek截骨术治疗Haglund综合征的临床疗效

目的 探讨Zadek截骨术(Zadek osteotomy, ZO)治疗Haglund综合征(Haglund syndrome, HS)的临床疗效。方法 回顾性研究2018年3月至2020年7月在西安交通大学附属红会医院足踝外科因HS行ZO治疗并最终获得随访的17例患者。男11例，女6例；年龄23～58岁，平均(39.7±10.2)岁；左足14例，右足3例。术前及末次随访时采用美国足踝外科协会(American orthopaedic foot and ankle society, AOFAS)踝-后足评分和疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale, VAS)评估足部功能和疼痛改善情况。测量患足术前、术后的踝关节活动度(range of motion, ROM)和患足负重侧位X线片的Chauveaux-Liet(CL)角。结果 术后患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合，无深部感染或骨髓炎发生。17例患者均获随访，随访时间12～24个月，平均(19.3±1.2)个月。末次随访时AOFAS评分由术前(51.2±5.1)分提升至(88.4±4.5)分；VAS由术前(6.4±2.3)分改善为...     

“/\”形小切口钢板螺栓加压内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折

目的 探讨跟部外侧“/\”形小切口钢板螺栓加压内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折的方法及疗效.方法 回顾性分析2010年8月至2011年11月手术治疗并获得随访的130例(140足)跟骨关节内骨折患者资料,男117例(127足),女13例(13足);年龄17～73岁,平均42.3岁.按Sanders分型:Ⅱ型49足,Ⅲ型75足,Ⅳ型16足.手术采用跟部外侧“/\”形小切口,即跟腱前缘直切口和跗骨窦斜切口,使用跟骨解剖钢板螺栓加压固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折.手术前、后摄跟骨轴位、侧位X线片和跟骨CT扫描,测量跟骨B(o)hler角、Gissane角、内翻角、距下关节面骨折移位距离、跟骨高度、中点宽度、长度.根据Maryland足部评分及AOFAS踝-后足评分评价疗效.结果 130例患者均获得随访,随访时间15～31个月,平均20个月;术后平均出血量(194.24±104.17) ml,无一例发生切口皮缘坏死及伤口感染.骨折愈合时间45～86 d,平均(54.51±20.38)d.手术前、后B(o)hler角分别为6.27°±11.81°、27.21°±8.28°,Gissane角分别为108.36°±21.77°、117.47°±12.93°,跟骨中点宽度为(47.35±5.85) mm、(35.96±4.14) mm,高度为(39.79±5.85) mm、(47.64±3.83) mm,长度为(78.30±5.81) mm、(79.41±5.30) mm.Maryland足部评分为42～100分,优71足,良59足,可7足,差3足,优良率92.86％(130/140).AOFAS踝-后足评分为45～100分,优76足,良58足,可5足,差1足,优良率95.71％.术后12足踝关节内外翻活动较健侧受限5°～8°,其中3足于术后1年发生距下关节创伤性关节炎.结论 外侧“/\”形小切口钢板螺栓加压内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折可显著减少伤口并发症,恢复跟骨解剖形态和距下关节面平整,促进骨折早期愈合.     

Achilles tendon-splitting approach and double-row suture anchor repair for Haglund syndrome

BackgroundHaglund syndrom is characterized as a painful posterosuperior deformity of the heel with possible causes as tight Achilles tendon, high-arched foot and tendency to walk on the outside of the heel. Surgical treatment may be recommended in cases where of insufficient response to nonoperative treatment. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and radiographic results of central Achilles tendon splitting and double-row suture anchor technique in the surgical treatment of patients with Haglund syndrome.Methods27 patients with Haglund syndrome who underwent central Achilles tendon splitting and double-row suture anchor were retrospectively evaluated. The results were evaluated by the pre- and post-operative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale and visual analogue scale (VAS). All patients were evaluated radiographically to assess lateral talus-first metatarsal angle (TMTA), Calcaneal pitch angle (CPA), and the Fowler-Philip angle (FPA) preoperatively and postoperatively.ResultsThe mean preoperative AOFAS score was 47 ± 7 points; at the end of the follow-up period, it increased to 92 ± 4 points (p < 0.001). The mean preoperative VAS score was 9 ± 0.9 points; at the end of the follow-up period, it was 2 ± 0.6 points (p < 0.001). The lateral TMTA (preoperative: 5° ± 2°; follow-up: 4° ± 2°; p < 0.001), CPA (preoperative: 21° ± 5°; follow-up: 20° ± 5°; p = 0.005) and FPA (preoperative: 55° ± 6°; follow-up: 32° ± 3°; p < 0.001) values decreased at the end of the follow-up period.ConclusionIn the absence of an improvement to nonoperative treatment methods, central Achilles tendon-splitting approach appears to be an effective and safe treatment option.Level of evidenceLevel IV, retrospective case series.     

Clinical results of the Keck and Kelly Wedge Osteotomy approach in Haglund's deformity: Minimum 3-year follow-up

Background and purposeThe Haglund’s deformity, which may be difficult to treat non-surgically, is caused by a prominent bone hump in the posterosuperior region of the calcaneus and may be associated with bursitis and foot pain. Many surgical treatments for resistant Haglund deformities have been described. Here, we evaluate the AOFAS scores, pain and other characteristics of patients undergoing removal of the dorsally based wedge from the posterior calcaneus with the Keck and Kelly procedure.Materials and methodsThe study included 20 patients who had undergone the Keck and Kelly procedure at our center, from 2011 to 2019, and had attended follow-up for at least three years. Analyses were performed retrospectively. Preoperative (immediately before surgery) and postoperative (at last assessment) American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and visual analog pain scale scores (VAS) were determined, and calcaneal inclination angles were radiologically measured. Additionally, calcaneal pitch angle (CPA), Fowler and Philip angle (FPA), and Bohler angle were recorded.ResultsFourteen patients were female, and six were male, mean age was 45.8 ± 8.1 years. AOFAS scores were significantly increased, whereas VAS scores were significantly decreased after surgery. Postoperative AOFAS scores were correlated with preoperative VAS, CPA, and FPA values. Preoperative VAS scores were correlated with CPA, FPA, and Bohler angle values. FPA and CPA values were correlated positively.ConclusionsIt was found that ankle functions improved, and pain levels decreased after Keck and Kelly Wedge Osteotomy was applied for the treatment of Haglund’s deformity. CPA and FPA were associated with both pain levels and ankle function. The Keck and Kelly Wedge Osteotomy procedure appears to be a preferable approach for the surgical treatment of Haglund’s deformity.     

Angle analysis of Haglund syndrome and its relationship with osseous variations and Achilles tendon calcification

BACKGROUND: Haglund syndrome is a cause of posterior heel pain. The prominent posterosuperior projection into the retrocalcaneal bursa is thought to be a major etiology. Many methods have been proposed to measure the posterosuperior projection of the tuberosity into this bursa. The Fowler angle and the parallel pitch lines are the most frequently used. However, the relation between symptomatic Haglund syndrome and the measuring methods, especially the Fowler angle and parallel pitch lines, is not clear. The purposes of this paper were to study the predictive value of the most frequently used measurement methods to evaluate bursal impingement and to determine if other osseous variations and Achilles tendon calcification are associated with the development of Haglund syndrome. METHODS: From October, 1996, to March, 2003, we evaluated 37 heels in 31 patients with symptomatic Haglund syndrome, and 40 heels in 27 individuals without posterior heel pain. On a lateral view radiograph, the Fowler angle, and the parallel pitch lines were measured, in addition to Achilles tendon calcification and the osseous variations, such as a posterior calcaneal step spur or plantar osseous projection. RESULTS: The average Fowler angles in the control group and study group were 62.31 +/- 7.79 degrees and 60.14 +/- 7.01 degrees, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.490). The positive parallel pitch lines in the symptomatic group were 56.8% and in the control group 42.5%. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.474) between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: No statistically significant differences were noted between the groups concerning the Fowler angle and parallel pitch lines. The posterior calcaneal step spur and Achilles tendon calcification were statistically significant between these two groups. The Fowler angle and parallel pitch lines were of little predictive value for the Haglund syndrome.     

跟腱旁小切口克氏针内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折

目的探讨跟腱旁小切口克氏针内固定治疗跟骨骨折的临床疗效。方法手术治疗71例跟骨骨折患者（82足）,其中治疗组38例（39足）给予跟腱旁小切口、交叉克氏针内固定,对照组33例（43足）给予跟骨外侧L形切口、跟骨钢板内固定。比较两组的切口愈合时间、切口并发症发生率、末次随访AOFOS评分、Bhler角改变、Gissane角改变。结果 71例均获随访,时间8～28（14.6±1.2）个月。并发症：治疗组切口延迟愈合2足;对照组切口延迟愈合3足,创缘坏死2足,浅表感染1足。治疗组的手术切口并发症明显少于对照组（P〈0.05）。两组手术切口愈合时间、Bhler角及Gissane角、末次随访AOFOS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论跟腱旁小切口克氏针内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折疗效肯定,切口并发症少。     

A novel technique of minimally invasive calcaneal osteotomy for intractable insertional Achilles tendinopathy associated with Haglund deformity

BackgroundTo date, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) involving calcaneal osteotomy for Haglund deformity associated with intractable insertional Achilles tendinopathy has not been reported. This study presents the radiographic and clinical outcomes of our novel MIS-dorsal closing wedge calcaneal osteotomy (DCWCO) technique compared to open Haglund resection. We hypothesized that earlier clinical improvement after MIS-DCWCO could be achieved by leaving the Achilles tendon insertion site untouched.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed and compared the clinical and radiographic parameters of patients who underwent MIS-DCWCO (11 cases) or open Haglund resection (14 cases) between January 2012 and June 2019. The minimum duration of follow-up for inclusion was 18 months. We measured the calcaneal pitch, Meary’s, Fowler-Philip, and Böhler’s angles. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) scores measured preoperatively and at 3, 6, 9, 12, and ≥18 months, postoperatively.ResultsIn both groups, the Meary’s and calcaneal pitch angles did not change significantly, whereas the Fowler-Philip and Böhler’s angles were significantly changed postoperatively. Significant improvements in VAS and VISA-A scores were observed in both groups (P < 0.001). The extent of correction of the four radiographic and two clinical parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. However, VAS and VISA-A scores at postoperative 6 months were significantly different, whereas these parameters were not significantly different at all other time points.ConclusionBoth techniques provided similar postoperative clinical and radiographic improvement. However, MIS-DCWCO achieved earlier clinical improvement than open Haglund resection.Level of evidenceLevel III, comparative series.     

新式跟腱延长术治疗儿童马蹄足

目的 介绍一种新式跟腱延长术治疗儿童马蹄足的手术方法和要点,并观察术后疗效.方法 对2002年1月至2007年12月收治的19例(23足)儿童马蹄足患者采用跟腱矢状位3份切断交错滑移的方法进行跟腱延长,术后小腿石膏固定踝关节于背伸90°位2周,2周后开始全负重功能锻炼.于术前、术后短期及术后中期随访测量患足背伸角度,并行Corry修正步态医师等级量表评分(PRS).结果 本组17例(20足)获得随访,时间为1～5年(平均3.5年).结果 显示患者均能在2周后全部负重功能锻炼、患足踝关节角度从术前平均116.1°±15.0°下降到术后短期随访时的68.5°±9.6°及中期随访时的71.3°±8.5°,术前与术后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).PRS中的膝反曲、足着地方式、总体改变指标术前与术后比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),蹲伏差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).本组患者未出现跟腱断裂、跟行足等并发症.结论 新式跟腱延长术能增进跟腱的强度、满足延长长度、达到早期功能锻炼的目的并促进功能快速恢复,是一种有效的跟腱延长术式.     

富血小板血浆在急性跟腱断裂治疗中的应用

目的探讨富血小板血浆(PRP)在急性跟腱断裂治疗中的应用。方法回顾性研究苏州大学附属第一医院自2018年1月至2019年1月治疗的21例跟腱断裂患者资料。根据患者是否注射PRP将21例患者分为PRP组(改良Kessler缝合法联合PRP注射治疗,15例)和对照组(单纯使用改良Kessler缝合法治疗,6例)。比较两组患者术后3、6、9个月的踝关节跖屈和背伸角度、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Victorian运动学会评分(VISA)及美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)的踝-后足评分。结果两组患者术前一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。所有患者术后获9~12个月(平均11.3个月)随访。PRP组术后3、6、9个月跖屈角度(33.5°±1.8°、38.1°±1.2°、41.6°±1.6°)和背伸角度(10.3°、16.5°、21.5°)大于对照组[(26.9°±2.0°、31.5°±1.6°、35.6°±1.4°)和(5.3°、12.7°、18.2°)],PRP组术后3、6、9个月VISA评分[(41.2±6.5)、(78.7±10.4)、(91.0±4.1)分]和AOFAS的踝-后足评分[(75.5±5.4)、(88.6±5.2)、(95.2±3.5)分]高于对照组[(29.8±2.5)、(68.0±3.5)、(84.5±2.1)分和(66.8±4.8)、(82.8±3.6)、(90.7±1.1)分],PRP组术后3、6个月VAS评分[(1.7±0.9)、(1.3±0.4)分]低于对照组[(3.0±0.8)、(2.2±0.7)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PRP可以加速患者足及踝关节功能恢复,可以认为使用改良Kessler缝合法联合PRP是一种安全、实用、可靠的治疗方法。     

Endoscopic reconstruction for chronic Achilles tendon ruptures using a hamstring tendon autograft

BackgroundTo determine the safety and efficacy of endoscopic reconstruction of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures using a hamstring tendon autograft at mid-term follow-up.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture treated surgically by endoscopic reconstruction using a hamstring tendon autograft at our institution between March 2010 and October 2015. Radiologic outcomes were assessed using pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Functional outcomes were evaluated with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle–Hindfoot Scale, the Plantar Flexion Strength (PFS), the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) scale, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score, and the Arner-Lindholm standard. All patients achieved primary healing with no lengthening of the Achilles tendon, skin necrosis, infection, deep vein thrombosis or other complications.ResultsMean follow-up period was 15 ± 3 months (range, 12–18 months). There was no Achilles tendon re-rupture. MRI examination revealed that Achilles tendon continuity was restored. Patients’ mean AOFAS, PFS, and VISA-A scores were significantly higher and mean VAS pain score was significantly lower after surgery compared to before (P < 0.05). According to Arner-Lindholm standards, there were twenty (76.9%) excellent, six (23.1%) good, and zero bad outcomes.ConclusionEndoscopic reconstruction utilizing a hamstring tendon autograft is a safe and efficacious option for repair of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures. Studies with larger sample sizes and a longer follow-up are required to confirm the advantage of this technique compared to open surgery.     

Evans跟骨外侧延长术治疗距跟联合合并后足外翻畸形

目的探讨Evans跟骨外侧延长术治疗距跟联合合并后足外翻畸形的疗效。方法2014年1月—2017年10月,采取Evans跟骨外侧延长术治疗10例(13足)距跟联合合并后足外翻畸形患者。男6例(8足),女4例(5足);年龄13~18岁,平均15.8岁。病程10~14个月,平均11.5个月。患侧跟骨外翻、前足外展、足弓低平。疼痛部位:跗骨窦4足、距跟联合5足、踝关节4足。Silverskiold试验腓肠肌腱膜紧张3例(4足),跟腱挛缩7例(9足)。术前美国矫形外科足踝协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分为(46.54±9.08)分,行走1 km后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)为(6.54±0.88)分。术后采用AOFAS踝与后足评分、VAS评分,以及X线片测量距骨-第1跖列角(talar-first metatarsal angle,T1MT)、距舟覆盖角(talonavicular coverage angle,TCA)、距骨倾斜角(talar-horizontal angle,TH)、跟骨倾斜角(calcaneal pitch angle,CP)、跟骨外翻角(heel valgus angle,HV),评价手术疗效。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。10例患者均获随访,随访时间12~30个月,平均18个月。末次随访时,AOFAS踝与后足评分为(90.70±6.75)分,VAS评分为(1.85±0.90)分,均较术前明显改善(t=-23.380,P=0.000;t=35.218,P=0.000)。X线片复查示截骨均达骨性愈合,愈合时间为2~4个月,平均3个月。末次随访时,T1MT、TCA、TH、HV均较术前明显降低,CP明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访期间1例(1足)疼痛缓解不明显,1例(1足)出现腓肠神经皮支损伤症状。结论对于距跟联合合并后足外翻畸形患者,Evans跟骨外侧延长术可以有效纠正畸形、缓解疼痛。     

Early Weightbearing Using Achilles Suture Bridge Technique for Insertional Achilles Tendinosis: A Review of 43 Patients

Posterior heel pain caused by insertional Achilles tendinosis can necessitate surgical intervention when recalcitrant to conservative care. Surgical treatment can necessitate near complete detachment of the Achilles tendon to fully eradicate the offending pathologic features and, consequently, result in long periods of non-weightbearing. A suture bridge technique using bone anchors is available for reattachment of the Achilles tendon. This provides restoration of the Achilles footprint on the calcaneus, including not only contact, but also actual pressure between the tendon and bone. We performed a review of 43 patients who underwent surgical treatment of insertional Achilles tendinosis with reattachment of the Achilles tendon using the suture bridge technique. The mean age was 53 (range 29 to 87) years. The mean follow-up period was 24 (range 13 to 52) months. The mean postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score was 90 (range 65 to 100). The mean preoperative visual analog scale pain score was 6.8 (range 2 to 10) and the mean postoperative visual analog scale pain score was 1.3 (range 0 to 6). The mean interval to weightbearing was 10 (range 0 to 28) days. No postoperative ruptures occurred. Of the 43 patients, 42 (97.6%) successfully performed the single heel rise test at the final postoperative visit. Concomitant procedures were performed in 35 patients, including 33 (77%) requiring open gastrocnemius recession and 2 (5%) requiring flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer. A total of 42 patients (97.6%) returned to regular shoe gear, and 42 (97.6%) returned to their activities of daily living, including running for 20 athletic patients (100%). Complications included postoperative wound dehiscense requiring surgical debridement in 2 patients (5%) and soft tissue infection requiring antibiotics and surgical debridement in 1 (2%) patient. Our findings support using the Achilles tendon suture bridge for reattachment of the Achilles tendon in the surgical treatment of insertional Achilles tendinosis.