醒脑静抗鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤的实验研究

目的：观察中药醒脑静注射液对长爪沙鼠急性脑缺血-再灌注损伤的治疗作用。方法：采用长爪沙鼠双侧颈总动脉结扎制作长爪沙鼠急性全脑缺血模型，观察干预性腹腔注射西药尼莫地平和中药醒脑静注射液对缺血-再灌注急性期长爪沙鼠脑组织中MDA含量和SOD活力的影响。结果：尼莫地平和醒脑静注射液均能显著提高脑缺血-再灌注后SOD活力和降低MDA含量，两药差异无显著性意义；而醒脑静高、中、低剂量组之间差异有显著性意义，P〈0．05，疗效随剂量增加而增大。结论：醒脑静注射液具有抗自由基损伤疗效，为中药临床治疗脑缺血．再灌注损伤提供了实验依据。     

天麻醒脑胶囊对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响

[目的]天麻醒脑胶囊对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响。[方法]采用夹闭沙土鼠双侧颈总动脉10min继以再灌注5d建立沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤模型。评价天麻醒脑胶囊的神经保护作用。[结果]天麻醒脑胶囊灌胃后明显促进再灌注期间脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)电位幅度的恢复,呈剂量依赖性降低再灌注5d沙土鼠皮层水和钙的含量。[结论]天麻醒脑胶囊对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤具有较好的保护作用,其机制与降低皮层水含量及钙离子浓度密切相关。     

尼莫地平对大鼠急性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护机制

目的探讨尼莫地平对大鼠急性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法将局灶性缺血模型大鼠分为假手术组、缺血组及尼莫地平干预组,测各组大鼠脑组织亚细胞器丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量及脑细胞内游离Ca2 浓度。结果脑缺血再灌注后脑组织MDA及Ca2 浓度显著升高,SOD显著降低。尼莫地平能改善这种状况。结论尼莫地平对急性脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,其机制与降低脑细胞MDA、Ca2 浓度升高SOD有关。     

芪丹通脉片对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤乳酸脱氢酶及氧自由基的影响

目的:观察芪丹通脉片(QDTMT)对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的防护作用并探讨其机制. 方法:选用SD大鼠70只,随机分为7组(n=10),即假手术组、模型组、芪丹通脉片低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组、华佗再造丸组及尼莫地平组,各组均用生理盐水配制等体积药液灌胃7 d,每日1次. 造成大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型,观察各组大鼠乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化. 结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠LDH活性、MDA含量显著升高,SOD活性显著下降,有显著性差异(P<0.01). 与模型组比较芪丹通脉片各剂量组、华佗再造丸组及尼莫地平组LDH活性、MDA含量明显下降,SOD活力明显上升均有显著性差异(P<0.01). 结论:芪丹通脉片对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤有显著的防护作用其机制可能与抗自由基损伤有关.     

褪黑素对脑缺血沙土鼠海马MDA含量及SOD活性的影响

目的：观察褪黑素（MT）对脑缺血沙土鼠海马丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性的影响。探讨其神经保护作用的机制。方法：采用沙土鼠双侧颈总动脉结扎法建立脑缺血再灌注模型,于缺血前30min给予不同剂量的褪黑素,缺血10min再灌注1h后测定海马MDA含量和SOD活性。结果：脑缺血再灌注1h后海马MDA含量升高,而SOD活性降低,给予MT可部分逆转这种改变。结论：MT能够降低脑缺血现灌注沙土鼠海马的MDA含量,可能与其维持SOD的活性有关。     

脑缺血再灌注Na~+-K~+-ATPase损伤作用的实验性治疗初探

目的:探讨尼莫地平和东莨菪碱治疗脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用机理。方法:夹闭双侧颈总动脉和椎动脉复制脑完全性缺血模型。60只家兔均分成六组,假手术组、脑缺血组、脑缺血再灌注组、脑低温治疗组、东莨菪碱治疗组、尼莫地平治疗组。采集脑和血液标本测量Na+-K+-ATPase、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)活性。结果:缺血再灌注组脑组织SOD和Na+-K+-ATPase活性降低、MDA含量升高;相反,治疗组SOD和Na+-K+-ATPase活性升高,MDA含量降低。结论:东莨菪碱和尼莫地平具有保护缺血再灌注组脑组织Na+-K+-ATPase活性的作用,其机理可能与它们抑制自由基介导的脂质过氧化,减少脂质过氧化物的生成有关。     

醒脑静与血塞通联合应用对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨醒脑静与血塞通注射液联合应用对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的机制.方法 雄性SD大鼠152只,采用Langa线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型.分为假手术组、醒脑静组、醒脑静血塞通联合应用组和对照组.分别于缺血再灌注2、4、8、24、48、72 h时,取脑组织,用于脑组织匀浆液的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)检测,并进行凋亡染色.统计学处理:成组设计资料的t检验.结果 醒脑静组SOD和MDA的变化与对照组相比减弱(P<0.05);醒脑静血塞通联合应用组的这两项指标的变化进一步减弱(P<0.05).醒脑静组较相应时相点对照组凋亡细胞减少(P<0.05).而醒脑静血塞通联合应用组的凋亡细胞较醒脑静组进一步减少(4、8 h:P<0.05,24、48、72 h:P<0.01).结论 醒脑静、血塞通注射液联合应用对于脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护有协同作用,可延缓氧自由基的产生,减少神经细胞凋亡.     

雌激素对去卵巢沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注脑组织SOD和MDA的影响

目的观察雌激素对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注自由基损伤的影响。方法雌性沙鼠40只，随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组、去卵巢组、补充雌激素组。采用夹闭双侧颈总动脉法复制沙鼠脑缺血再灌注模型，缺血7min再灌注12h，取脑组织测定脑组织中SOD活力、MDA含量的变化，并观察海马CA1区神经细胞的病理改变。结果缺血再灌注组、去卵巢对照组脑组织中SOD活力明显降低，MDA含量明显增高，与假手术组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）；补充雌激素组脑组织中SOD活力明显增高，MDA含量明显减少，与缺血再灌注组、去卵巢对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）；缺血再灌注组脑组织海马CA1区神经细胞损伤明显，脑组织水肿明显；补充雌激素组神经细胞损伤明显减轻。结论预防性应用雌激素能明显减轻缺血再灌注所造成的神经细胞损伤，对脑缺血再灌注自由基损伤有保护作用。     

三七总皂苷对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤保护作用及机制的实验研究

目的:探讨三七总皂苷注射液对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机制.方法:40只Wistar大鼠被随机分为4组:假手术组、缺血再灌注损伤模型组、尼莫地平对照(Nim)组、三七总皂苷注射液处理组(PNS).建立大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注损伤模型,对脑水肿和脑梗死进行测量,并采用硫代巴比妥酸盐法测定MDA含量、邻苯三酚自氧化法测定SOD活性.结果:PNS组与模型组比较,脑组织含水量减少(P<0.01),脑梗死面积显著减小(P<0.05);SOD活力显著升高(P<0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05).结论:MDA是反映组织损伤程度的物质、SOD是体内重要的内源性保护物质,三七总皂苷注射液可降低缺血脑组织MDA的含量、增加SOD活性而发挥对脑的保护作用.     

赤芍总苷对沙土鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 观察赤芍总苷(TPG)对全脑缺血再灌注的保护作用。方法 采用结扎双侧颈总动脉12min再灌注24h建立沙土鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型,观察于造模24h后TPG对沙土鼠脑组织含水量、SOD与MDA及病理组织学的影响。结果 同模型组比较,TPG200、400mg/kg·b.w.组脑组织含水量明显低于模型组;模型组脑组织SOD活性明显降低,MDA含量明显提高,各给药组与模型对照组比较SOD明显升高,MDA含量显著下降;病理检查表明给药组的病理损伤较模型组轻。结论 赤芍总苷对全脑缺血再灌注损伤有明显的保护作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.