工作压力在护士职业倦怠与工作特征的中介作用

目的了解护士职业倦怠、工作特征与工作压力的现状并评估三者的关系。方法采用一般情况调查表、中文版护士职业倦怠量表(maslach burnout inventory,MBI)、护士压力源量表、工作特征量表(job characteristics inventory)对423名护士进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析探讨护士工作特征、工作压力与职业倦怠三者的关系,根据Pearson相关分析,建立路径关系模型,对护士职业倦怠、工作特征与工作压力三者之间的关系进行路径分析。结果职业倦怠量表中护士情感耗竭维度的得分(26.04±11.64)分、工作冷漠感维度(7.39±2.14)分、个人无成就感维度(33.87±8.64)分,三者高度倦怠感分别占50.83%、39.01%、49.41%;护士工作特征总分(104.52±15.51)分;工作压力总分(109.32±18.93)分。工作压力在工作特征与职业倦怠之间有部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的54.40%。结论护士职业倦怠较严重。护理管理者应采取有效的措施降低护士的工作压力感,从多个维度改善护士的工作特征,从而降低护士职业倦怠水平。     

西安市社区护士工作压力源对工作满意度的影响研究

目的了解西安市社区护士工作压力源、工作满意度现状并探讨二者之间的关系。方法采用一般资料调查表、社区护士工作压力源量表、社区护士工作满意度量表对西安市24个社区卫生服务中心的302名社区护士进行问卷调查。结果社区护士工作压力源总分为(71.55±25.41)分,工作满意度总分为(139.88±19.33)分。职称、个人月收入、护理专业及工作方面的问题、工作量及时间分配方面的问题、管理及人际关系方面的问题是社区护士工作满意度的主要影响因素。结论管理者要注重改善社区护士工作环境、提高待遇、注重其个人发展,提高社区护士工作满意度。     

工作特征及其对护理人员工作满意度影响的研究进展

通过回顾国内外相关文献,介绍了工作特征的概念、理论及发展过程,概述了工作特征的研究成果及近年的新动向,对影响护理人员工作满意度的工作特征进行分析和综述,为科学的工作设计和护理人力资源管理提供参考依据。     

护士工作绩效现状及其影响因素

目的:探讨护士工作绩效的现状及其影响因素。方法:采用护理工作绩效量表(JPM)和工作压力量表(NSS),对某三级甲等综合医院的375位护士进行调查。结果:护士的工作绩效处于中等水平,工作压力处于高水平,工作绩效和工作压力呈负相关,经多元回归分析,进入回归方程的变量为缺乏支持。结论:护士承受的工作压力较高,过高的工作压力对工作绩效产生负面影响。减轻护士的工作压力,给予其更多的支持和帮助,可以提高护士的工作绩效,促进其更有效地工作。     

河南省男护士工作满意度与职业倦怠的现状调查

目的了解河南省男护士工作满意度和职业倦怠的现状及相关性,以期为稳定男护士队伍提供参考。方法方便抽样法选择河南省17所三级甲等医院的152名男护士为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表、护士工作满意度评定量表、马氏工作倦怠量表对其进行调查。结果 152名男护士的工作满意度总分为(2.97±0.45)分,其中,与同事关系、工作被认可、管理、家庭/工作的平衡4个因子得分低于中等水平(3分),工作负荷、个人成长及发展、工作本身、工资及福利4个因子得分高于中等水平(3分);职业倦怠情感衰竭、去人格化和个人成就感3个维度的得分与常模比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);工作满意度总分及各维度得分与情感衰竭和去人格化均呈负相关(均P0.01),工作满意度总分、管理、工作负荷、与同事关系、工作本身、工作被认可、家庭/工作的平衡与个人成就感均呈正相关(P0.05或P0.01)。结论管理者及男护士自身均应积极采取针对性措施,以提高工作满意度,改善职业倦怠状况。     

Exploring the antecedents of organizational identification: the role of job dimensions, individual characteristics and job involvement

Aim  This study aims to identify the antecedents of organizational identification such as job involvement and job dimensions in a health care setting.
Background  Organizational identification is an important work attitude that affects nurses' performance and job satisfaction. Hence, exploring antecedents of organizational identification in a health care setting is vital in understanding the role of organizational identification in nurse- and patient-related outcomes.
Method  A research model, which incorporates job design, individual characteristics, job involvement and organizational identification, was developed and tested. The research was conducted via a survey in a hospital setting in Turkey ( n  = 148).
Results  The results revealed that job involvement, which is the degree of importance of one's job to one's self-image, is related to organizational identification. Among job dimensions, task identity and autonomy explained a significant proportion of variance in job involvement.
Conclusion  Although job dimensions are not directly related to organizational identification, they have effects on job involvement, which is also an important construct.
Implications for nursing management  The results suggest that nurses' jobs should be designed with higher levels of task autonomy and task identity to increase their job involvement and in turn their organizational identification.     

“三甲”医院分诊护士工作满意度与疲溃感调查

目的：调查门诊分诊护士的工作满意度和工作疲溃感水平,为提高门诊分诊工作质量提供依据。方法：采用Maslach工作疲溃感量表（MBI）和明尼苏达满意问卷（MSQ）量表,对109名分诊护士进行问卷调查。结果：109名分诊护士工作满意度处于中等水平,工作成就感明显低于常模（P〈0.01）。50%左右的分诊护士处于中高度疲溃感水平,且情绪疲溃感与工作满意度呈负相关（P〈0.01）;与工作成就感和工作满意度呈正相关。结论：门诊护士工作疲溃感水平较高,且与工作满意度呈负相关,应采用适当的激励手段和建立相应的支持系统,降低分诊护士的工作疲溃感,提高其工作满意度,以保证分诊护理质量。     

南京地区部分护士工作压力与工作满意度的调查分析

目的了解南京地区部分护士的工作压力和工作满意度及其影响因素,从而提出相应的管理对策。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,选取南京地区4所综合医院临床护士897人,采用自行设计的问卷调查护士的工作压力和工作满意度及其影响因素。结果南京地区三级甲等综合医院护士的工作压力处于较高水平,平均（7．88±1．92）分,工作满意度处于较低水平,平均（3．63±2．10）分。基础学历和编制性质不同的护士工作压力的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;护龄不同的护士工作压力的差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;护龄、职称、职务不同的护士工作满意度的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论卫生行政和医院管理部门应增加护士配置,改进支持系统和分配制度,提供晋升和培训机会,减少检查、考试,关心护士生活,从而缓解护士工作压力、提高护士工作满意度,保障护理质量和安全。     

应用岗前培训创新体系提高新护士岗位胜任力的效果评价

目的探讨岗前培训创新体系对新护士岗位胜任力的应用及效果。方法应用随机数字表法将220名新入职护士分为对照组和实验组各110名。对照组采用常规岗前培训,实验组采用岗前培训创新体系,培训结束后对两组新护士进行理论、操作考核成绩比较;采用新护士岗位胜任力基线调查表对两组护士岗位胜任力进行比较。结果实验组护士考核成绩高于对照组(P0.01或P0.05);岗位胜任力总均分高于对照组(P0.01)。结论创新模式下的岗前培训体系是一种新模式,其更适应现代护理学科发展需要,对提高新护士岗位胜任力,具有较强的应用性。     

Newly licensed registered nurses' perceptions of job difficulties, demands and control: individual and organizational predictors

unruh l.y. & nooney j. (2011) Journal of Nursing Management 19 , 572–584
Newly licensed registered nurses’ perceptions of job difficulties, demands and control: individual and organizational predictors Aims To determine predictors of newly licensed registered nurses’ perceptions of job difficulties, job demands and job control. Background In previous studies, new registered nurses describe their work environment as stressful, yet little is known about factors that influence these experiences. Methods We surveyed a random sample of newly licensed registered nurses in Florida. Dependent variables included indicators of job difficulty, job demand and job control. Independent variables included individual and organizational characteristics hypothesized to be related to the dependent variables. Logistic and ordinary least squares regressions were used to analyse survey data. Results Inadequate orientation, working the day shift, working a greater number of hours and caring for a higher number of patients were significantly related to a greater likelihood of perceptions of job difficulty and job demand. Less adequate orientation and a greater number of float shifts were related to a lower likelihood of perceptions of job control. Conclusions and implications Adequacy of orientation, patient load, work hours, shift work and floating are priority items that need improvement in the work environment of newly licensed registered nurses. Implications for Nursing Management The present study identified factors involved with newly licensed registered nurses’ perceptions of job difficulties, job demands and job control which will help managers redesign work settings to retain new nurses.     

护理人员心理资本对工作满意度与工作绩效的影响研究

目的探讨护理人员心理资本对工作满意度和工作绩效的影响，并验证工作满意度在心理资本和工作绩效关系中的中介作用。方法采用心理资本量表、工作绩效量表和工作满意度量表对5所三级甲等临床教学医院428名护理人员进行调查。结果护理人员心理资本与工作满意度呈正相关（P〈0．01）；护理人员心理资本与工作绩效呈正相关（P〈0．01）；工作满意度在心理资本和工作绩效关系中起到部分中介作用。结论拥有高水平心理资本的护理人员具有更高的工作满意度，同时可以创造更高的工作绩效。     

护士职业认同水平与其工作压力、职业倦怠的相关性研究

目的探讨临床护士的职业认同水平与其工作压力、职业倦怠之间的关系。方法采用护士职业认同问卷、护士工作压力源量表及护士职业倦怠量表对上海市9所医院的524名临床护士实施问卷调查。结果护士的职业认同处于中等水平,工作量及时间分配位居其工作压力源之首,存在一定程度的工作倦怠;护士的职业认同水平与其工作压力及职业倦怠程度呈负相关,即护士的职业认同水平越高,其感知的工作压力及职业倦怠程度越轻。结论提升护士的职业认同水平,有望缓解护士的工作压力及职业倦怠,也为护理人力资源管理寻求有效干预策略拓展新视角。     

医护人员工作压力与满意度比较及管理对策

目的：了解医生与护理人员对工作压力和满意度自我评价的差异；探讨工作满意度与工作压力的影响两素。方法：整群抽样方法对某市2所三级医院按科室分布抽取科室，对所选科室的所有在编医生与护士进行问卷调查。结果：工作压力大，工作满意度不高是护理人员与医生普遍感知的问题，而护理人员报告工作负荷重、工作压力大的人数比例高于医生；护士工作满意度低于医生工作满意度。结论：凋查结果对医院管理人员及有关部门制定医院护理人力资源管理对策，合理配备与使用护理人力，减轻医护人员工作负荷与压力，提高其工作满意度有重要现实意义。     

Job satisfaction among Ethiopian nurses:a systematic review

Objective:Job satisfaction is a positive emotional feeling in the working environment,and it is an essential tool with which to improve patient safety,nurses’efficiency and performance,quality of care,retention and turnover of nurses,and commitment to the organization and the profession.There are few studies on job satisfaction of nurses in the country.Therefore,this review aims to estimate the pooled prevalence of job satisfaction among Ethiopian nurses using the available studies.Methods:This systematic review used the Preferred Repor ting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guideline to synthesize the evidence on the prevalence and associated factors of nurses’job satisfaction.Databases used for searching the included ar ticles from Pub Med,Embase,CINHAL,Google Scholar,HINARI,and Science Direct.All papers selected for inclusion were subjected to a rigorous appraisal using a standardized critical appraisal checklist(JBI checklist).STATA software(version 11)was used for the analysis,and 95%confidence intervals were calculated.The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity prevailing between the studies.Finally,a random effect model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of nurses’job satisfaction in the country.Results:In this review,the data of 1,151 nurses were obtained from six studies.The pooled prevalence of nurses’job satisfaction was found to be 39.53%(24.52,54.53).The prevalence of job satisfaction in the Central part of Ethiopia was low:31.12%(95%CI 5.25,56.99)compared to the South-Eastern part of Ethiopia’s 48.01%(95%CI 36.51,59.52).The most common predictors identified were salary(P<0.05),the leadership of the organization(P<0.05),and training opportunities(P<0.05).Conclusions:The pooled prevalence of job satisfaction among nurses was found to be low in comparison with global data.The significant predictors for nurses’job satisfaction are based on the review findings,salary,leadership of organization,and training opportunities.     

北京市综合性医院护士工作满意度及相关因素研究

目的:了解北京市城区综合医院护士工作满意度的现状;分析影响护士工作满意度的相关因素;探讨提高护士工作满意度的有效措施。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法对748名护士进行一般状况及洛克工作满意度调查。结果:①护士对晋升、报酬、领导、福利和规章制度的满意度明显低于美国常模;②区级医院护士晋升、上司、福利、认同感、沟通、工作性质的满意度低于市级医院护士;③规章制度、工作性质、沟通的满意度与低个人成就感相关,规章制度、同事、工作性质的工作满意度与倾听、上级、配偶的支持相关;④工作状况、情绪耗竭倦怠、其他人支持、上级支持、低个人成就感倦怠、值夜班次数、收入、工作要求、沟通培训、配偶支持、工龄等与护士工作满意度相关。讨论:①护士工作负荷大,待遇和工作满意度低;②护士自身与医院对专业知识学习重视程度不够;③护士在业内和社会获得的支持不足;④应给予区级医院护士群体更多关爱;⑤进行工作任务再设计,丰富护士工作内容。     

某专科医院儿科护士工作特征感知度与工作满意度相关性研究

目的探讨儿科护士对儿科护理工作特征的感知情况与工作满意度现状及两者的相关性,为提高工作满意度,进行工作设计提供客观依据。方法采用工作诊断调查表(短题本)和明尼苏达满意度问卷(短题本)对广州市某儿童专科医院的454名护士进行工作特征评价、看法及工作满意度调查。采用相关分析法和多元逐步回归分析法探讨两者之间的关系。结果儿科护士工作特征各维度得分最高为任务重要性(3.77±0.68)分,其次是涉及他人关系(3.76±0.68)分,得分最低是任务完整性(3.29±0.69)分。工作满意度各维度条目均分为:内在满意度(3.62±0.45)分、外在满意度(3.30±0.60)分、一般满意度(3.52±0.46)分。回归分析显示:儿科护士工作内在满意度主要受工作自主性、他人反馈及任务完整性影响,外在满意度与一般满意度主要受他人反馈与工作自主性的影响(P<0.01)。结论儿科护士整体工作满意度不高,其对儿科护理工作的自至性、任务完整性和他人反馈的认同和感知度越高,工作满意度越高。     

长沙市二级及以上医院护士职业承诺和工作满意度对留职意愿的影响研究

目的 调查长沙市二级及以上医院护士留职意愿现状,并分析其影响因素.方法 采用护士留职意愿问卷、护士工作满意度量表、职业承诺问卷,对长沙市医疗机构329名护士进行调查.结果 护士留职意愿总分为（19.64±4.12）分,护士工作满意度总分为（126.22±18.04）分,护士职业承诺总分为（70.74±13.59）分;分层回归分析结果显示年龄、工作职务、任职方式、情感承诺、规范承诺、经济成本承诺、机会承诺对护士留职意愿有预测作用（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）.结论 所调查长沙市医疗机构医院护士留职意愿呈中等水平,护理管理者应针对可控影响因素,制订稳定护理人才队伍的相应策略.