微粉化对姜黄色素粉体学性质及溶出度的影响研究

  目的   针对姜黄色素进行微粉化处理,系统考察分析微粉化对姜黄色素粉体学性质及溶出度的影响。   方法   采用低温行星球磨机制备4种不同粒径的姜黄色素粉末,通过扫描电镜法(SEM)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和X-射线粉末衍射法(XRD)等方法分析比较姜黄色素普通粉和微粉的微观区别,测定其粉体学参数,考察其溶出度的区别,同时对其稳定性进行初步研究。   结果   经过微粉化后,姜黄色素粉末的粒径逐渐减小,微粉化对姜黄色素的熔点及吸湿性无显著影响,但是微粉的压缩度却逐渐增加,休止角增大,微粉更易出现团聚现象;在pH1.2及pH6.8溶出介质中,微粉化后的姜黄色素中姜黄素及去甲氧基姜黄素溶出速率及累计溶出率均明显提升,与粒径大小具有一定的相关性,不同粒径微粉在3个月加速稳定性条件下溶出率略有降低。   结论   微粉化技术对于改善姜黄色素性质,促进姜黄色素吸收具有一定的应用价值。      

印尼姜黄与中国姜黄药材的质量标准对比研究

目的:建立印尼姜黄药材的质量标准,并将其与中国药典收载的姜黄品种进行对比。方法:应用性状,显微鉴定等方法,以姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素为对照,采用TLC法进行鉴别以及高效液相色谱法同时对三种姜黄素进行含量测定。按照中国药典2010年版中方法对10批姜黄药材中的挥发油、水分、总灰分、酸不溶性成分、浸出物进行测定。结果:印尼姜黄药材中姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素平均含量分别不得低于1.3%、0.7%、0.06%,中国姜黄不得低于1.0%、0.25%、0.15%。印尼姜黄挥发油含量不得低于10.0%,水分不得过16.0%,总灰分不得过7.0%,酸不溶性灰分不得过1.0%,浸出物不得少于12.0%。结论:所建立的印尼姜黄和中国姜黄定性定量测定方法简单准确,能够为该药的质量控制提供有效数据。     

姜黄化学成分及药理作用研究进展

姜黄是姜科姜黄属植物之一,广泛种植于热带和亚热带地区,药用价值高。目前研究发现姜黄中主要含有酚酸类和萜类等化学成分。药理研究表明,姜黄具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、降血糖、抗炎抗菌抗病毒等作用。通过检索文献,对近年来国内外关于姜黄化学成分和药理作用相关文献进行分类归纳总结,旨在为姜黄的深入研究和广泛应用提供参考。     

大黄与姜黄不同配比降高血脂大鼠模型疗效研究

目的研究不同配比的大黄和姜黄组方,比较其降脂效果的差异,为临床合理应用大黄与姜黄的组方治疗高脂血症奠定基础。方法给大鼠灌服高脂乳剂,建立高血脂症模型,随机分4组,即对照组,大黄与姜黄比例为1:1组,1:2组,2:1组,造模的同时对实验组的大鼠给药,干预高血脂症的形成。4周后,测定血浆中总胆固醇(CHO),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)的浓度,将数据进行统计分析,观察各组差异。结果各实验组与对照组差异均有统计学意义,2:1组与1:1组及1:2组的HDL-C、LDL-C、CHO差异存在统计学意义,其他几组的各指标均未见统计学差异。结论大黄与姜黄比为2:1的组方配比降高血脂疗效优于其他实验组。     

紫苏、姜黄混合挥发油提取与包合工艺的研究

目的优选紫苏、姜黄混合挥发油的提取与β-环糊精包合工艺。方法考察不同提取时间、加水量对紫苏、姜黄混合挥发油提取量的影响;以挥发油包合率与收得率为评价指标,对饱和水溶液法与研磨法进行比较;采用正交试验法筛选最佳研磨法的包合工艺条件,并通过薄层色谱法对包合物进行验证。结果饮片用8倍量的水浸泡0.5 h,提取6 h可使挥发油提取完全;研磨法比饱和水溶液法更适合于紫苏、姜黄混合挥发油的包合,其最佳包合工艺条件为挥发油与β-环糊精比例为1:8(mL∶g),加水量为4倍,研磨时间为3 h。结论确定的紫苏、姜黄混合挥发油提取与包合工艺经验证可行。     

不同种植密度对红花产量和品质的影响

目的:研究不同种植密度,为红花的规范化种植提供依据.方法:试验以不同行×株距设置处理,以干花产量、种子产量以及有效成分红花黄色素为指标,对不同的种植密度进行考察.结果:不同种植密度对上述指标有很大影响.结论:合理的种植密度可以提高红花药材的产量和品质.     

姜黄挥发油,水浸出液体外抗真菌试验

目的：对姜油挥发油和水浸出液进行抗真菌的ＭＩＣ测定，方法：常规试管法和平皿打孔法，结果：姜黄挥发油对１３种常见真菌，ＭＩＣ抑菌浓度测定范围为１．５％～０．０８％姜黄水浸出液ＭＩＣ抑菌浓度范围为２．５％～０．１６％，常规试管法和平皿打孔法比较，前者比后者敏感。结论：姜黄挥发油和姜黄水浸出液二者均有广谱抗真菌的作用。     

不同年限野生和人工种植黄芪的电泳图谱鉴别

目的:通过比较不同年限人工与野生黄芪的蛋白质电泳图谱,为黄芪种植提供新的评价标准。方法:采用SDSPAGE技术,对山西省浑源县人工种植和野生2年、8年和10年黄芪进行鉴别分析。结果:不同年限人工及野生黄芪的蛋白质电泳图谱具有一定的差异。人工种植优于野生,最佳的采摘年限是8～10年。结论:SDS-PAGE电泳图谱可以对不同年限及不同种植方式的黄芪进行鉴别分析,此方法快速简便,重复性好,结果可靠。     

犍为筠姜挥发油提取及其β-环糊精包合物制备工艺研究

目的:研究水蒸气蒸馏法提取犍为筠姜挥发油的最佳工艺,及其β-环糊精包合物制备的最佳工艺。方法:以犍为筠姜挥发油得率为评价指标,采用正交试验法优选最佳提取工艺;以挥发油包合率为评价指标,采用正交试验法,优选研磨法的最佳包合工艺条件,并对包合物进行TLC检验。结果:犍为筠姜挥发油的最佳提取工艺为浸泡1.5 h、加20倍量水、水蒸气蒸馏8 h;包合物的最佳制备工艺为挥发油与β-环糊精的投料比为1∶10,加4倍量水,研磨1 h。挥发油包合前后,成分未见明显改变,包合后制剂的稳定性增强。结论:水蒸气蒸馏法提取犍为筠姜挥发油优选的工艺条件及其β-环糊精包合物制备的最佳工艺合理可行。     

舒适护理对口腔种植患者焦虑抑郁情绪的影响分析

目的:口腔种植患者往往会对种植后的效果进行担心,对患者实行舒适护理从而缓解患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪。方法:将86例口腔种植患者作为研究对象,根据所接受护理方法的不同分为两组,分别实施舒适护理(护理组)和常规护理(对照组),对护理后患者的护理满意度、SAS、SDS评分进行比较。结果:护理后,护理满意度93.02%(护理组)与76.75%(对照组)相比,两组数据有统计学差异P0.05;护理组患者SAS、SDS评分与对照组相比也较低,组间比较数据存在较为明显的差异P0.05。结论:口腔是否正常对一个人的形象有着很大的影响,在实施口腔种植技术后对患者实行舒适护理可以提高患者的护理满意度,减少心理焦虑和抑郁情绪的产生,效果较好,值得广泛使用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.