Evaluation of digestive tolerance of a soluble corn fibre

Background: To assess consumers’ acceptance of a new fibre, it is essential to evaluate its digestive tolerance after ingestion. We aimed to determine the tolerance of increasing dosages of Promitor? Soluble Gluco Fibre (SGF; Tate&Lyle, Hoffman Estates, IL, USA) up to 70 g fibre per day using a validated gastrointestinal composite score. Methods: A composite score of gastrointestinal tolerance integrating gastrointestinal symptoms, stool frequency and consistency was applied. To statistically validate this composite score, the gastrointestinal tolerance of inulin (10 g versus 20 g containing, respectively, 9 g versus 18 g of fibre) was assessed in 18 healthy volunteers in a randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled cross‐over study. Second, in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled cross‐over study with 20 healthy volunteers, the gastrointestinal tolerance of SGF in both acute and ‘spread over the day’ conditions of consumption was assessed. Results: By contrast to 10 g, 20 g of inulin demonstrated a significant difference in composite score compared to placebo [P < 0.001, difference = 7.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.8–11.3]. These values were considered as reference during the second study. In acute conditions, 40 g of SGF fibre was the highest (threshold) dose tested that indicates the digestive tolerance criteria (difference from placebo on the composite score <7.6 and upper limit of the 95% CI <11.3); this is twice the amount tolerated for inulin. In ‘spread over the day’ conditions, 65 g of SGF fibre was the threshold dose (P < 0.001, difference = 6.5; 95% CI = 3.4–9.5). Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrate that 40 g of SGF fibre, when consumed as a single dose, and 65 g of SGF fibre, when consumed in multiple‐doses, across the day are well‐tolerated by healthy volunteers.     

哮喘病血清嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白测定及临床意义

目的探讨测定哮喘患者血清嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白( ECP)临床意义及理论根据.方法采用化学发光免疫测定 36例哮喘轻中度发作患者血清 ECP及肺功能最高峰值流速( PEF)和第 1秒用力呼气容量( FEVI),并予以吸入糖皮质激素(丙酸倍氯米松)治疗 3个月后以及停用丙酸倍氯米松 4周后各复查血清 ECP、肺功能.对照组 30例为非哮喘病人,仅测定血清 ECP.结果哮喘病人血清 ECP明显高于非哮喘者,有明显差异( P<0.01).停用吸入激素 4周后,哮喘患者血清 ECP复又升高,肺功能下降( P<0.01).结论血清 ECP是哮喘病一很好的疾病标记物,检测血清 ECP在哮喘病的诊断、疗效评价以及预后估计中有确切的临床意义.     

造血干细胞移植后肺孢子菌肺炎23例临床研究

目的:分析异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）后肺部危重并发症-肺孢子菌肺炎（PCP）的高危因素、临床特点及预后转归。方法:回顾性收集并分析2016年1月至2021年1月在本院血液科接受HSCT后发生肺孢子菌肺炎的患者的临床特征、实验室资料、治疗及转归。结果:共纳入23例符合PCP临床诊断标准的患者,PCP中位发病时间为移植后221 d;影像CT以弥漫性磨玻璃样渗出影为主。血清β-1,3-D葡聚糖（BDG）中位数为894.25 ng/L,共有91.3%的患者大于60 ng/L;60.9%患者的淋巴细胞计数低于1×10 9/L;65.2%的CD4 +T淋巴细胞绝对值低于200/μL。21例患者在肺泡灌洗液mNGS中检测到肺孢子菌属序列,15例患者为混合感染。治疗上给予TMP-SMX抗肺孢子菌后18例患者好转出院,5例死亡。 结论:HSCT后患者并发PCP为肺部急症,进展较快,常合并混合感染,血清BDG升高对PCP诊断具有指导意义,肺泡灌洗液中二代测序（mNGS）对肺孢子菌敏感性高,及早进行肺泡灌洗,有助于早期诊治,明显降低病死率;PCP患者进展为需要机械通气及高流量吸氧提示预后不佳。     

HPLC-ELSD法测定贝母中异甾类生物碱及糖苷类成分的含量

目的建立同时测定贝母中5种异甾类生物碱——peimissine, imperialine, sinpeinine A, imperialine-3β-glucoside和yibeinoside A含量的HPLC分析方法。方法C₁₈柱;流动相:乙腈-水(含0.1%二乙胺);梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min^-1;检测器:Alltech 500蒸发光散射检测器(ELSD)。结果线性范围为peimissine 13.1～288.2 mg·L^-1(r²=0.997 5), imperialine-3β-glucoside 7.7～169.4 mg·L^-1 (r²=0.999 3), yibeinoside A 7.3～160.6 mg·L^-1 (r²=0.999 7), imperialine 16.5～363.0 mg·L^-1 (r²=0.999 2), sinpeinine A 8.7～191.4 mg·L^-1 (r²=0.994 2)。 5个化合物的精密度和重现性RSD均<5%。结论本方法简便、有效、可行,可用于贝母中5种异甾类生物碱的含量测定。     

贝母类药材生物碱及生物碱苷含量测定方法学研究

 目的建立酸水解-酸性染料比色法同时测定贝母类药材中生物碱及生物碱苷含量的方法。方法用氯仿-甲醇(4∶1)混合溶剂提取总碱，酸性染料比色法测定水解前及水解后提取物中生物碱含量，计算出生物碱、生物碱苷及总生物碱的含量。结果生物碱、生物碱苷及总生物碱的加样回收率分别为100.5%，102.2%，101.1%，RSD分别为1.1%，3.3%，1.7%(n=5)，并对药典收载的9种贝母类药材进行了测定。结论本法不需要复杂仪器，可用于贝母类药材生物碱及生物碱苷的含量测定。     

造血干细胞移植后肺孢子菌肺炎23例临床研究

目的:分析异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）后肺部危重并发症-肺孢子菌肺炎（PCP）的高危因素、临床特点及预后转归。方法:回顾性收集并分析2016年1月至2021年1月在本院血液科接受HSCT后发生肺孢子菌肺炎的患者的临床特征、实验室资料、治疗及转归。结果:共纳入23例符合PCP临床诊断标准的患者,PCP中位发病时间为移植后221 d;影像CT以弥漫性磨玻璃样渗出影为主。血清β-1,3-D葡聚糖（BDG）中位数为894.25 ng/L,共有91.3%的患者大于60 ng/L;60.9%患者的淋巴细胞计数低于1×10 9/L;65.2%的CD4 +T淋巴细胞绝对值低于200/μL。21例患者在肺泡灌洗液mNGS中检测到肺孢子菌属序列,15例患者为混合感染。治疗上给予TMP-SMX抗肺孢子菌后18例患者好转出院,5例死亡。 结论:HSCT后患者并发PCP为肺部急症,进展较快,常合并混合感染,血清BDG升高对PCP诊断具有指导意义,肺泡灌洗液中二代测序（mNGS）对肺孢子菌敏感性高,及早进行肺泡灌洗,有助于早期诊治,明显降低病死率;PCP患者进展为需要机械通气及高流量吸氧提示预后不佳。     

三佳康乐鸡蛋降血脂降血糖作用研究

以鸡蛋为载体，利用生物富集技术，在蛋黄中富集具有保健功能的特殊物质，使鸡蛋产生良好的防病治病作用。研究结果表明，使用三佳康乐鸡蛋蛋黄（10．67g／kg）连续灌胃21天，可使高脂血症大鼠TG．TC值的异常升高显著降低，用同等剂量的普通鸡蛋蛋黄在相同的实验条件下没有降TG．TC的作用。三佳康乐鸡蛋蛋黄（10．67g／kg）连续灌胃10天，可使正常小鼠淀粉负荷后1．5．3h的血糖明显下降，对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖异常升高也有一定的降低作用，同时可使糖尿病小鼠多饮多尿多食症状得到缓解，说明用生物富集技术后的鸡蛋能够使高脂血症大鼠血脂升高得到改善，能够增加正常小鼠淀粉负荷后的糖耐量能力，降低糖尿病小鼠血糖值。     

二苯乙烯苷对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织细胞凋亡的影响

目的 观察何首乌中提取的二苯乙烯苷对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型脑组织细胞凋亡及其凋亡调节因子的影响,阐明二苯乙烯苷抗缺血性脑损伤的作用机制.方法 采用插线法阻断大脑中动脉,制备局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型.用流式细胞术PI单染法检测脑组织细胞凋亡百分率,用流式细胞术间接荧光法检测细胞凋亡调节因子Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达.结果 二苯乙烯苷应用于缺血再灌注损伤大鼠可明显降低脑组织细胞凋亡百分率,升高脑组织Bcl-2蛋白表达,减少Bax蛋白表达,提升Bcl-2/Bax比值.结论 二苯乙烯苷具有抑制大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑组织细胞凋亡的作用,其作用机制可能与升高抑制凋亡的Bcl-2蛋白表达,抑制诱导凋亡的Bax蛋白表达,降低二者比值有关.     

补肾方防治地塞米松致雄性大鼠骨质疏松及其生化机制探讨

研究补肾方预防和治疗地塞米松致雄性大鼠骨质疏松的疗铲，并探讨其生化机制。方法：采用１２月龄ＳＤ雄性大鼠４６只，随机分组给药，１８周后分别测定全身骨密度，股骨抗弯强度以及血清中骨下素，甲状旁腺素，睾酮，雌二醇的水平。结果；全身骨密度，股骨抗弯强度预防组显著高于地塞米松组，与空白对照组比较未见明显差异；     

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a common complication of cystic fibrosis (CF), occurring in ∼10% of patients and accompanying/accounting for ∼10% of pulmonary exacerbations. ABPA pathogenesis is dependent upon impaired clearance and dense respiratory epithelial exposure to A. fumigatus (Af) spores with subsequent chemotactic recruitment of CD4+ Th2 lymphocytes specific for Af to lung tissue. Susceptibility to ABPA appears to involve risk factors including atopy and defined major histocompatibility complex-restricted alleles. Distinct cytoplasmic Af molecules (Af2,4, and 6), now available as recombinant allergen reagents, appear to be associated with ABPA. Minimal criteria for diagnosis of ABPA in CF include clinical deterioration, elevated total serum IgE, positive immediate Af skin test or serum IgE antibodies, and Af serum precipitins/IgG antibodies or radiographic changes. Annual screening of total serum IgE is recommended from age 6 yr. Systemic glucocorticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment. Itraconazole has an established role as a steroid-sparing agent if the patient has a slow or poor response to steroids, relapses, or is at risk for or develops steroid toxicity. Monitoring of clinical, radiographic and laboratory responses (especially total serum IgE) is essential.