Gasless laparoscopic esophagomyotomy

A case of gasless laparoscopic esophagogastric myotomy for achalasia is presented. The technical aspects of the technique as well as the benefits of this approach are reviewed.     

非气腹腹腔镜手术的临床应用

目的 探讨非气腹腹腔镜手术的临床应用价值。方法 回顾分析91例非气腹腹腔镜手术的临床资料。结果 91例非气腹腹腔镜手术中，胆囊切除术51例，阑尾切除术15例，联合手术10例，手助腹腔镜结直肠癌切除手术15例。全组均获成功，未发生吻合口瘘等严重并发症，无手术死亡。结论 非气腹腹腔镜手术是一种实用、安全、可行的微创手术方法，可完成较复杂的肿瘤根治性手术，具有较高的临床应用价值。     

非气腹腹腔镜技术在腹部创伤中的应用

目的探讨非气腹腹腔镜技术在腹部创伤中的作用. 方法回顾分析52例不适宜做气腹腹腔镜手术的腹部外伤患者实施非气腹腹腔镜技术的临床资料. 结果 43例得到及时诊断和治疗, 5例改为气腹下腹腔镜探查,4例因严重的脾及肠管挫伤而经切口选择后中转开腹手术治愈,无死亡. 结论非气腹腹腔镜技术对不能耐受常规气腹的腹部创伤患者实施诊断治疗和需剖腹探查的切口选择,具有一定的可行性,并成为对腹部创伤患者施行常规腹腔镜手术的必要的补充.     

非气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术中影响手术操作空间的相关因素分析

目的 研究非气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除手术中影响手术操作空间的相关因素.探讨非气腹腹腔镜手术的应用规范.方法 总结2007年3月- 2010年7月沧州中西医结合医院完成的49例非气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的临床资料.分析体重指数、肠道准备情况、麻醉方式等因素对手术时间、手术中转气腹率的影响.结果 体重指数≤25的患者手术时间为(43.0±5.4) min,中转气腹率为0(0/34),体重指数＞25的患者手术时间为(52.8土7.4)min,中转气腹率为26.67％ (4/15),明显高于体重指数小于25的患者；进行肠道准备的患者手术时间为(44.5土5.4)min,中转气腹率为7.69％(2/26),术前没有进行肠道准备的患者手术时间为(46.1 ±8.0)min,中转气腹率为8.70％ (2/23)；采用硬膜外麻醉的患者手术时间为(46.5±7.9) min,中转气腹率为8.33％(2/24),腰麻加硬膜外联合麻醉的患者手术时间(44.1±6.8) min,中转气腹率为8.00％(2/25).结论 非气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术手术操作空间容易受到体重指数等因素的影响,准确评价患者的自身状况,合理选择手术方式、麻醉方式、恰当应用肠道准备,可以更好地发挥非气腹腹腔镜手术的优势.     

免气腹腹腔镜新生儿巨结肠根治术的临床体会

目的:总结免气腹腹腔镜新生儿巨结肠根治术的应用优势。方法:回顾分析2005年至今为41例新生儿行巨结肠根治术的临床资料,患者根椐手术方式分为3组,2005年7月至2008年12月12例行单纯经肛门Soave术(单纯组),2009年1月至2011年2月行气腹腹腔镜辅助下经肛门Soave术16例(气腹组),2011年3月至今行免气腹腹腔镜辅助下经肛门Soave术13例(免气腹组),对比分析3组手术结果。结果:腹腔镜手术均获成功,无一例中转开腹。单纯组中4例加用腹腔镜辅助完成手术。3组患儿术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间差异无统计学意义,无一例发生吻合口漏。单纯组手术时间明显长于其他两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);单纯组、免气腹组拔管时间明显短于气腹组,术后患儿清醒快,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单纯组、免气腹组患儿血液动力学指标在不同时段有波动,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。气腹组患儿术中、术后血液动力学指标波动较明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患儿均于术后第20天开始扩肛,每天一次,连续3个月,无一例发生肛门狭窄。术后随访4～28个月,气腹组与免气腹组患儿于术后4～6个月肛门排便基本正常;术后24个月,单纯组中尚有3例患儿有污粪现象。结论:免气腹腹腔镜辅助新生儿巨结肠根治术安全可行、操作简便、微创美容、经济实用,避免了腹内高压对血流动力学参数的影响,值得临床推广。     

免充气经口腔镜甲状腺切除术24例分析

目的探讨采用悬吊方法进行免充气经口腔镜甲状腺手术可行性及安全性。方法回顾性分析2018年12月至2019年4月就诊安徽省肿瘤医院头颈外科接受免充气经口腔镜甲状腺手术患者的临床资料。记录术中出血量、手术时间、术后住院时间、术后并发症等情况。结果总共24例纳入此次分析,行一侧腺叶切除20例、甲状腺全切除4例,其中18例甲状腺癌患者同时行中央区淋巴结清扫。术中出血量(41.3±26.4)ml;手术时间(191.8±40.8)min;术后引流时间(6.3±1.0)d、引流量(221.0±66.0)ml;术后住院天数(6.3±1.0)d。术后无饮水呛咳、发音嘶哑、甲状旁腺损伤、出血、感染等并发症发生;8例出现下颌麻木,均于一个月内恢复。结论采用悬吊法进行免充气经口腔镜甲状腺手术是安全、可行的一种选择。     

Gasless laparoscopic assisted surgery for abdominal trauma

Background

Numerous studies have described the effectiveness of laparoscopy for trauma patients. In gas-filling laparoscopic surgery, most of the disadvantages are related to a positive pressure pneumoperitoneum that compromises the cardiopulmonary function. The main advantage of gasless laparoscopic assisted surgery (GLA) is that it does not affect the haemodynamic status, which is particularly critical for trauma patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of GLA for abdominal trauma.

Materials and methods

This was a retrospective, 1:2 matched case–control study of all trauma gasless assisted laparoscopies performed from January 2010 until January 2013 in a Level I trauma centre. In total, 965 patients with abdominal trauma were admitted. According to the abdominal trauma protocol, a total of 93 hemodynamically stable patients required the operation; we selected fifteen patients to undergo GLA and matched 30 other patients to undergo laparotomy. Demographic information, perioperative findings, injury severity score, and postoperative recovery were recorded and analyzed.

Results

A total of fifteen patients (ten men, five women) with a mean age of 44.4, standard deviation (SD) 13.2 years underwent GLA for abdominal trauma. Eight patients had penetrating injuries, while seven had blunt injuries. Overall, 73% patients had multiple injuries. The mean time to the identified lesion was 23.1, SD 10.9 min, and the mean operative time was 109.7, SD 33.5 min. Most of the lesions were repaired concurrently by GLA. One conversion to laparotomy was done. The mean length of hospital stay (HLOS) was 9.1, SD 4.5 days. No mortality occurred in this series. The mean follow-up was 22.0, SD 7.9 months, and there were no significant events during this period. The mean operative times were comparable in the GLA and open surgery group (109.7, SD 33.5 vs. 131.2, SD 43.6 min; p = 0.076). Compared with the open surgery group, the HLOS was significantly shorter in the GLA group (9.1, SD 4.5 vs.16.3, SD 6.4 days; p = 0.030).

Conclusion

GLA offers both therapeutic and diagnostic advantages for patients with abdominal trauma. GLA shares the advantages of laparoscopy and prevents the cardiopulmonary function from being compromised due to pneumoperitoneum, which is especially critical for trauma patients.     

非气腹腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术11例报告

目的：探讨非气腹腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术的可行性及疗效。方法2012年7月～2013年6月,行非气腹腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术11例。前列腺特异抗原（PSA）（19．6±17．2） ng/ml,前列腺体积33～78 ml,平均41 ml。临床分期cT1期3例,cT2期6例,cT3期2例。取耻骨上正中切口3～5 cm,用手指钝性分离膀胱前间隙。在腹腔镜或示指引导下于双侧麦氏点下2 cm与脐下弧形穿出3个操作通道。应用悬吊器械提拉下腹壁创造操作的空间,30°腹腔镜通过脐部的通道进入,术者通过两侧的通道及下腹部的小切口进入器械操作。手术操作与传统的腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术相同。结果11例手术顺利,手术时间（227±61） min,术中出血量（360±101） ml,无直肠损伤等严重并发症。术后病理均为前列腺腺癌,无切缘阳性。随访1～11个月,平均4个月,排尿通畅,无尿失禁。 PSA 0～0．21 ng/ml,平均0．11 ng/ml。结论非气腹腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术微创、安全、有效。     

免气腹与CO 2气腹腹腔镜双侧精索静脉高位结扎术的临床疗效比较

目的探讨免气腹与CO₂气腹腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2010年5月至2016年4月解放军71军医院68例双侧精索静脉曲张患者行腰硬联合麻醉或全麻下双侧精索静脉高位结扎术的临床资料,其中34例行腹壁悬吊式免气腹腹腔镜手术（免气腹组）,34例行经腹CO₂气腹腹腔镜手术（气腹组）。观察症状和体征改变及并发症情况,比较2组手术时间、术后住院时间、肠道功能恢复时间;分别比较气腹组、免气腹组术前和术后9个月的精子密度、精子活动度。 结果2组患者手术均顺利完成,症状、体征均改善,无严重手术并发症。2组手术时间、术后住院时间、肠道功能恢复时间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）;2组患者术后9个月精子密度与术前比较,差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）,术后9个月精子活动率均较术前增高［气腹组：（78.59±6.50）% vs（74.41±6.95）%,免气腹组：（75.88±7.47）% vs（68.71±7.43）%］,差异具有统计学意义（t=6.549,P=0.013;t=15.770,P＜0.001）。 结论2种微创术式均可准确结扎精索内静脉,疗效确切,切口美观,术后恢复较快。免气腹手术避免了CO₂气腹对呼吸、循环系统的影响,无气腹并发症,可采用椎管内麻醉,作为更经济的术式选择。     

Gasless,video endoscopic transanal excision for carcinoid and laterally spreading tumors of the rectum

Background: The aim of this study is to determine whether gasless, video endoscopic transanal–rectal tumor excision (gasless VTEM) is a valid treatment for rectal carcinoid and laterally spreading tumors (LST). Methods: Eighty-four patients with an adenoma, adenocarcinoma (Tis/T1), or carcinoid tumor of the rectum were divided into three groups: (i) LST (n = 17 patients), (ii) carcinoid (n = 11), and (iii) control with other types of tumors (n = 56). Results: The LST group had a longer median operating time than in the control group, whereas the carcinoid group had a shorter operating time. Two patients (11.7%) in LST group developed peritoneal entry during the operation, while 2 patients (3.6%) in the control group experienced postoperative complications. During a median follow-up length of 55.2 months, one patient in the LST group developed a recurrence. Conclusions: Gasless VTEM is a simple, minimally invasive procedure used to treat LST and carcinoid tumors of the rectum. However, resection for the LST group had a high risk of peritoneal entry during operation.