自制三维固定支架与孟和架治疗胫腓骨骨折疗效对比

目的：观察单臂半环式三维固定架与孟和架在胫腓骨骨折治疗中的疗效并就固定架在性能、复位、愈合等方面进行比较。方法：随机选择项目治疗组30例病例和孟和架组（以往）30例在操作难度，骨折复位效果，固定稳定性，骨折愈合时间等方面进行比较结果：项目治疗组解剖复位17例，占57％，近解剖复位13例，占43％；孟和架组解剖复位7例，占23％近解剖复位9例，占30％，以下14例占47％；复位解剖及近解剖均优于孟和架，x^2检验P〈0．01，愈合时间，治疗组2—5个月，平均3．23个月；对照组4-7个月，平均5．64个月。结论：单臂半环三维固定架治疗胫腓骨骨折较孟和架操作简便，复位十分满意，骨折愈合时间短。     

铁路警察和监狱警察应对方式比较

目的了解铁路警察和监狱警察应对方式的差异。方法采用应对方式问卷对87名广州铁路警察进行调查，并以87名监狱警察作为对照组。结果铁路警察的主要应对方式是解决问题，与监狱警察相类似，但铁路警察的退避、自责得分较高（P〈0．05）。女性和青年的应对方式无差异（P〉0．05），而男性和中年铁路警察的自责、退避得分较高（P〈0．05）。对铁路警察的应对方式进行回归分析发现他们的应对方式与其待遇评价、警龄、是否想转行和婚姻状况密切相关。结论铁路警察的应对方式是积极的，退避和自责可能是与铁路警察职业相适应的应对方式调整。     

The effects of a temporarily manipulated dental occlusion on the position of the spine: a comparison during standing and walking

Background context

The relationship between dental occlusion and body posture or even the spine position is often analyzed and confirmed. However, this relationship has not been systematically investigated for standing and walking.

Purpose

To examine whether a symmetric or asymmetric dental occlusion block, using 4 mm thick silicon panels, can significantly change the spine position (cervical, thoracic, or lumbar region) during standing and walking.

Study design

The following study is a cross-sectional study.

Patient sample

This study was carried out with 23 healthy subjects (18 women, 5 men) without discomfort in the temporomandibular system or body movement apparatus.

Outcome measures

Position changes (millimeter) of the spine (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) in frontal, sagittal, and transverse planes of motion.

Methods

The upper spine position was quantified with an ultrasonic distance measurement system (sonoSens Monitor). Every subject placed the 4 mm thick silicon panel systematically between the left/right premolars or the front teeth. Differences between the habitual and manipulated occlusion positions were determined by the Friedman test, followed by pairwise comparisons with applied Bonferroni-Holm correction.

Results

During standing and walking there were significant (p≤.05) differences between the occlusion block conditions and the habitual dental position in all body planes except in the right lumbar region during walking. In addition, differences within the manipulated occlusion position could be detected. Significant differences were also shown between the standing and walking trials in the frontal, sagittal, and transverse planes, particularly with respect to the lumbar region (p≤.001).

Conclusions

Symmetrical and asymmetrical occlusion blocks in the premolar region can be associated with changes in all three spine regions during standing and walking. The results showed highly similar reaction patterns in all spine positions, regardless of the location of the silicon panel. Between standing and walking, the main differences were in the lumbar spine. The results suggest a relationship between the chewing and the movement system. However, it must be stated that this study has no direct clinical impact. The study design cannot determine the causality of the observed associations; also the clinical significance of the small postural changes remains unknown.     

单孔腹腔镜结直肠切除术与传统多孔腹腔镜结直肠切除术的比较

经脐单孔腹腔镜手术技术是近年来刚刚兴起的一种微创外科技术。其在结直肠外科中的应用尚处在起步阶段。本综述回顾性分析传统腹腔镜结直肠外科除的历史并总结近年来关于经脐单孔腹腔镜结直肠手术与传统腹腔镜结直肠手术对比的文献资料,探讨两种术式在总转换率、术中出血量、手术时间、切口长度、术后并发症及住院时间之间的差异,为微创外科医生了解和掌握单孔腹腔镜结直肠手术提供参考。     

小儿腹腔镜疝内口关闭与开放疝囊高位结扎术的临床比较研究

目的小儿腹腔镜疝内口关闭与开放疝囊高位结扎术的临床疗效、探讨其可行性。方法回顾性分析我院收治的108例使用腹腔镜关闭内环口及52例通过传统高位结扎的小儿腹股沟斜疝患儿的临床资料,比较二术式术中、术后及并发症情况。结果与开放组相较腹腔镜组手术时间、切口长度、出血量、住院时间及并发症均明显减少,差异有显著性;复发率无明显差异。结论腹腔镜组的切口和创伤小,手术操作简单,手术时间短,恢复快,术后无需拆线,较传统开放疝囊高位结扎优势明显。     

ICP-AES法和NDIR法测定水中总有机碳的比对研究

目的:对ICP-AES法和NDIR法测定水中总有机碳进行比对研究。方法:分别采用ICP-AES法和NDIR法对方法的灵敏度、准确度、精密度、分析速度进行综合比对研究。结果:ICP-AES法的检出限为0.6 mg/L(以C计),NDIR法的检出限为0.1 mg/L(以C计);两种方法的线型回归系数均为0.999,两种方法的精密度RSD均<2%,两种方法测定总有机碳标准物质结果均在标示值范围内,两种方法均准确可靠;两种方法对一组样品进行配对测试,结果经t检验分析,无显著性差异。结论:ICP-AES法和NDIR法分析性能基本一致,均满足水中总有机碳含量的测定,ICP-AES法分析速度快于NDIR法,更加适宜批量样品分析。     

三种血小板稀释液临床应用比较与检验学研究

目的：探讨3种血小板稀释液对350份标本平行检测的临床意义。方法：采取同一标本用3种不同稀释液平行计数，所有操作严格按照《全国临床检验操作规程》进行。结果：经过统计学分析，硫酸镁-皂素稀释液F值体现出无变化，而许汝和稀释液、草酸铵稀释液F值变化明显。结论：研究表明，硫酸镁-皂素是一种稳定性好的血小板稀释液，具有推广应用价值。     

Comparison between oscillometric and invasive blood pressure measurements in critically ill premature infants

Aim: Blood pressure (BP) measurement techniques in neonates generally involve noninvasive measurements with a cuff (oscillometric) or invasive measurements through an arterial catheter. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of the noninvasive oscillometric method in critically ill preterm infants when results were compared with the invasive technique. Method: Twenty‐seven premature infants with a mean birth weight of 1138 ± 552 g were enrolled in the prospective study. Invasive and noninvasive mean arterial pressure (MAP) levels were recorded simultaneously at each measurement in all patients. Low or lower range mean invasive MAP values (MAP ≤30) were evaluated separately as we aimed to assess the value of noninvasive measurements in hypotensive sick premature infants. Results: Totally, 431 paired BP measurements were taken during the first week of life. There was no statistically significant difference between invasive and noninvasive readings. However, noninvasive measurements were found significantly higher compared with invasive measurements in the presence of hypotension (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed good agreement between oscillometric and invasive readings in critically ill premature infants, and further, comparable mean MAP values were found with the two methods. However, the accuracy of the oscillometric BP measurement technique fails in preterm infants with BP within the lower limits.     

白内障手术切口与屈光关系的研究

目的 研究白内障人工晶状体植入手术不同切口与屈光的关系。方法 进行白内障超声乳化３０眼（Ａ组）,非超声乳化５．５～６．０ｍｍ小切口囊外摘出术３０眼（Ｂ组）,对照组白内障常规囊外摘出术１２ｍｍ切口３０眼（Ｃ组）,共９０例,９０眼。病人均于术前、术后１周和术后１月,分别作视力、屈光、角膜曲率计、角膜地形图及角膜内皮显微镜对比检查,并在术后１周及１月分别作出评价。结果 术后１周和１月的视力Ａ组和Ｂ组均明     

中医整体论与现代整体论异同方法的比较

通过研究中医整体理论与现代整体理论方法的异同，阐明了整体法在临床医学中的重要作用。