定量分析对常规超声联合超声造影定性误诊甲状腺结节的诊断价值

摘要：目的：探讨超声造影（CEUS）定量分析对常规超声联合CEUS定性诊断误诊为恶性的甲状腺结节与甲状腺乳头状癌的鉴别诊断价值。方法：选取2018年7月至2021年11月在我院超声科行甲状腺常规超声及CEUS检查，术前联合超声诊断为恶性（C-TIRADS≥4b 或 CEUS 表现为低增强和快速消退任一征像）而病理为良性的35位患者共35个结节为研究组；选择同期联合超声诊断与病理一致的甲状腺乳头状癌患者47例做为对照组。分析常规超声及CEUS特征，并将结节整体、中央部、边缘部及邻近正常甲状腺实质作为感兴趣区分别绘制时间-强度曲线（TIC）进行定量分析，比较两组结节各定量参数之间的差异。结果：研究组整体相对上升时间（△RT）以0.45为截断值，诊断恶性结节的敏感度为97.9%，特异度为85.7%，受试者工作（ROC）曲线下面积为0.96；研究组中央区△RT以0.55为截断值，诊断恶性结节的敏感度为95.7%，特异度为82.9%，ROC曲线下面积为0.87；研究组边缘区△RT以0.25为截断值，诊断恶性结节的敏感度为89.4%，特异度为77.1%，ROC曲线下面积为0.89。结论：CEUS定量分析在常规超声联合CEUS定性误诊甲状腺结节的诊断中具有一定的鉴别诊断价值。     

Standardisierte Kontrastmittelsonographie (CEUS) in der klinischen Akut- und Notfallmedizin sowie Intensivmedizin (CEUS-Akut)

Die Anaesthesiologie -     

Comparison of visual outcomes after two types of mix-and-match implanted trifocal extended-depth-of-focus and trifocal intraocular lenses

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To compare visual outcomes between two types of mix-and-match implanted trifocal extended-depth-of-focus (EDoF) and trifocal...     

A Legal Approach to Cancer Epidemiology in Public Health

The Public Health Act encompasses scientific research and law enforcement as causes, distributions, and preventive factors for diseases and injuries of a particular population. Today, the Public Health Law is growing into a field that expects to cultivate and utilize lawful practitioners who can apply specialized legal skills in health policy development and public health performance. The multidisciplinary approach of the Public Health Act integrates the legal and scientific elements of the field and the workforce, characterized by a more dynamic understanding of the health impact of legislation and the rapid deployment of effective policies. Thus, legal health interventions that manage and treat diverse populations need to be evaluated more rigorously and quickly. In addition, funding for policy surveillance and other legislation and policy mapping needs to be more sophisticated to maximize utility and avoid duplication. This study investigated legal interventions to manage and treat various groups of populations for health and discussed the necessity of public health laws.     

旋覆代赭汤对反流性食管炎大鼠模型TLR4/NF-κB的影响

目的观察旋覆代赭汤对反流性食管炎(RE)模型大鼠食管黏膜与脂多糖(LPS)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)、核因子κB(NF-κB)表达的影响。方法将60只雄性Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常对照组、模型组、旋覆代赭汤组(简称中药组,9.89 g/kg)、西药(奥美拉唑+莫沙比利,2.58 mg/kg)组,每组15只。除正常对照组外大鼠采用“4.2 mm幽门夹+2/3胃底结扎术”制备酸碱混合反流RE大鼠模型。术后第7天予相应药物干预,持续干预14天。利用光学显微镜观察大鼠食管下段黏膜组织形态学变化;应用ELISA法检测定外周血中LPS含量;采用Western Blot法与RT-PCR法检测食管黏膜组织中TLR4、NF-κB蛋白和基因表达。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠食管黏膜镜下损伤最为严重,食管黏膜呈炎性改变,可见急慢性炎细胞浸润,病理积分和外周血中LPS含量升高(P<0.05),食管组织中TLR4、NF-κB蛋白和基因表达升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,中药组、西药组病理积分和外周血中LPS含量降低(P<0.05),食管组织中TLR4、NF-κB蛋白和基因表达亦明显降低(P<0.05)。结论旋覆代赭汤能够减轻RE模型大鼠食管黏膜的损伤,抑制TLR4、NF-κB的表达,促进食管黏膜损伤的恢复。