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排序方式: 共有395条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
Michels Guido Horn Rudolf Helfen Andreas Hagendorff Andreas Jung Christian Hoffmann Beatrice Jaspers Natalie Kinkel Horst Greim Clemens-Alexander Knebel Fabian Bauersachs Johann Busch Hans-Jörg Kiefl Daniel Spiel Alexander O. Marx Gernot Dietrich Christoph F. 《Der Anaesthesist》2022,71(4):307-310
Die Anaesthesiologie - 相似文献
2.
The nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a potent tobacco-specific carcinogen. We used an air–liquid interface epithelial cell culture system to model changes associated with NNK exposure relative to pathologies documented in human tobacco-related illnesses. Although in vitro systems exhibit certain limitations, they often offer accentuation of subtle pathologies. While the distribution of cell types in control cultures typically favors the ciliated cell phenotype, NNK-exposed cultures transitioned to non-ciliated cell phenotypes as well as reflecting features consistent with squamous metaplasia. We conclude that NNK impacts normal growth and differentiation of human airway epithelium in a short interval of time in vitro. 相似文献
3.
Erin R. Hager Hee-Jung Song Hannah G. Lane Hallene H. Guo Lea H. Jaspers Megan A. Lopes 《Journal of nutrition education and behavior》2018,50(8):765-775
Objective
To develop and pilot-test Wellness Champions for Change (WCC) to enhance local wellness policy (LWP) implementation by forming wellness teams.Design
Randomized, controlled school-level pilot study.Setting
Five Maryland school districts.Participants
A total of 63 elementary, middle, or high schools.Intervention(s)
Developed from stakeholder interviews, focus groups, and existing programs. Schools were randomized within district to (1) WCC training (6-hour, single-day teacher training), (2) WCC training plus technical assistance (TA), or (3) delayed training (control).Main Outcome Measure(s)
Online teacher/administrator survey pre-post (spring, 1 year apart) that examined the direct effect of the intervention on active wellness team formation (postintervention, 8-item sum score) and LWP implementation (29 items, not implemented to fully implemented)/indirect effect of intervention on LWP implementation via active wellness team formation.Analysis
Adjusted linear or logistic regression and mediation modeling.Results
Postintervention, WCC plus TA and WCC had more active wellness teams (vs control, β?=?1.49, P?=?.02 and β?=?1.42, P?=?.03, respectively). No direct effect of intervention on LWP implementation was found. Formation of active wellness teams mediated the association between both WCC plus TA and WCC and LWP implementation (WCC plus TA confidence interval [CI], 1.22–16.25; WCC CI, 10.98–15.61 [CI was significant without 0]).Conclusions and Implications
The WCC intervention approaches indirectly affected LWP implementation through the formation of active wellness teams. These results support building and school-level wellness teams. 相似文献4.
Bar-On Lynn Aertbeliën Erwin Molenaers Guy Bruyninckx Herman Monari Davide Jaspers Ellen Cazaerck Anne Desloovere Kaat 《Research in developmental disabilities》2013,34(1):386-396
In clinical settings, the spastic catch is judged subjectively. This study assessed the psychometric properties of objective parameters that define and quantify the severity of the spastic catch in children with cerebral palsy (CP). A convenience sample of children with spastic CP (N = 46; age range: 4–16 years) underwent objective spasticity assessments. High velocity, passive stretches were applied to the gastrocnemius (GAS) and medial hamstrings (MEH). Muscle activity was measured with surface electromyography (sEMG), joint angle characteristics using inertial sensors and reactive torque using a force sensor. To test reliability, a group of 12 children were retested after an average of 13 ± 9 days. The angle of spastic catch (AOC) was estimated by three biomechanical definitions: joint angle at (1) maximum angular deceleration; (2) maximum change in torque; and (3) minimum power. Each definition was checked for reliability and validity. Construct and clinical validity were evaluated by correlating each AOC definition to the averaged root mean square envelope of EMG (RMS-EMG) and the Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS). Severity categories were created based on selected parameters to establish face validity. All definitions showed moderate to high reliability. Significant correlations were found between AOC3 and the MTS of both muscles and the RMS-EMG of the MEH, though coefficients were only weak. AOC3 further distinguished between mild, moderate and severe catches. Objective parameters can define and quantify the severity of the spastic catch in children with CP. However, a comprehensive understanding requires the integration of both biomechanical and RMS-EMG data. 相似文献
5.
6.
Johnny L. Carson Laura Zhou Luisa Brighton Katherine H. Mills Haibo Zhou Ilona Jaspers 《Inhalation toxicology》2017,29(3):137-144
Objective: Mucociliary clearance sustains a baseline functionality and an “on demand” capability to upregulate clearance upon irritant exposure involving mucus hypersecretion and accelerated ciliary beat frequency (CBF) modulated by nitric oxide (NO). This study characterized these elements as well as cellular and exogenous NO concentrations subsequent to a single exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) or e-cigarette vapor (EV) on cultured human airway epithelium.Materials and methods: Air–liquid interface (ALI) airway epithelial cultures per nonsmoking human subjects were subjected to single TS or EV exposures. Measures of ciliary function and secretion were performed and cellular and exogenous NO concentrations under control and experimental conditions were assessed.Results: Both TS and EV exposures resulted similar patterns of decline in CBF within 1?min of the completion of exposure followed by a gradual return often exceeding baseline within 1?h. Post-exposure examination of exposed cultures suggested morphologic differences in secretory function relative to controls. The relative NO concentrations of TS and EV chamber air were sharply different with EV NO being only slightly elevated relative to cellular NO production.Discussion and conclusions: Epithelial remodeling and mucociliary dysfunction have been clearly associated with TS exposure. However, information contrasting epithelial structure/function following a single acute TS or EV exposure is limited. This study demonstrates a similar pattern of epithelial response to acute TS or EV exposure. Inasmuch as NO may contribute to an inflammatory milieu and generation of toxic metabolites, it is plausible that recurrent exposures over time may be contributory to chronic pathologies. 相似文献
7.
Several reports suggest a significant correlation between hand preference quotients and Magical Ideation Scale (MIS) scores, such that individuals with mixed prefer ences have higher MIS scores. In a sample of 156 male and 257 female undergraduate university students no significant correlation was found between MIS scores and hand preference; hand preference being defined in numerous ways, and using short and long hand preference questionnaires to assess handedness. An index of left–right confusion was significantly related to MIS score, but only in females. We suggest that the role of subjects' response style and general approach to filling out questionnaires should be fully explored before “neurological” causes of links between hand preference and other questionnaire‐assessed behavioural variables are invoked. 相似文献
8.
WH Visser MD ; RHM de Vriend MSc ; NHWM Jaspers MSc ; MD Ferrari MD PhD 《Headache》1996,36(8):471-475
Sumatriptan, notably after subcutaneous administration, is highly effective in the acute treatment of migraine in the majority of patients. The response is consistent within patients and over time. To determine risk factors for nonresponse to sumatriptan, we compared clinical characteristics. In responders and nonresponders and, within patients, between attacks with and without response. We found no differences at the strict level of significance (P<0.001 because of multiple comparisons), but only tendencies for differences (0.001
相似文献
9.
Nauck F Jaspers B 《Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz》2012,55(9):1154-1160
The palliative care physician accompanies patients and their families in times of great disstress and potentially difficult medico-ethical decision making. The main objective of palliative care is the alleviation of pain and distressing symptoms in patients with progressive, incurable illness. By addressing physical problems and psychosocial as well as spiritual needs, palliative care aims at improving the quality of life of patients in order to help them to spend their remaining lifetime with as much autonomy as possible and in dignity. The concept of accompaniment in palliative care involves a multiprofessional team. Important factors in this approach are time, trust, professional, ethical, communicative, social, and emotional competencies and the attitude of physicians and other professionals. The physician is given responsibility by the patient. In accepting the role as a respondent to another individual's request for help, the physician can avoid the pitfalls of the obsolete paternalistic relationship model, or of one that is either merely autonomy based or of a provider-customer nature. 相似文献
10.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the attitude of medical students with or without tuition in palliative medicine towards active euthanasia and whether this changes during the course of the study period. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed with 13 items (focus groups, preliminary tests) which takes knowledge and attitude into consideration. Students in the 2nd (2CS) and 6th (6CS) clinical semesters at 2 universities with (U1) and without (U2) palliative medicine as a compulsory subject were included. RESULTS: The initial approval rate for active euthanasia was high for students in 2CS at both universities (U1 and U2), remained stable for U2 and sank clearly for U1. At U1 the number of students who would consider active euthanasia for themselves was greatly reduced but only slightly for U2. Of all the students, 40.9% of U2 and 22.5% of U1 were of the opinion that they could practice active euthanasia on patients. The majority admitted to being frightened to have responsibility for incurable patients. Of the students in 6CS, only 12.2% from U1 and 7.1% from U2 considered themselves sufficiently prepared to be responsible for terminally ill patients. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this questionnaire demonstrated a clear influence of tuition in palliative medicine on the rejection attitude of students towards active euthanasia, however, the attitude proactive euthanasia was still high. The results indicate that tuition in palliative medicine must be modified and substantially intensified. 相似文献