445例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤临床分析

口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤发病率较高,约占全身恶性肿瘤的1O%。在口腔颌面部肿瘤中恶性肿瘤约占30%;其中口腔癌约占全身恶性肿瘤的3%,多数为鳞状细胞瘤。现临床分析如下。     

中国山东沿海地区汉族男性人群白介素-23受体基因多态性与痛风的易感性研究

目的探讨中国山东省沿海地区汉族男性群体的白细胞介素23受体（IL-23R）基因rs7517847位点G／T的多态性是否与痛风的易感性有关。方法选取202例痛风患者和346例健康对照者,检测中国汉族男性群体的IL-23受体内含子区rs7517847位点基因多态性分布,数据经,检验得出其与痛风发病的遗传易感性的关系。结果经,检验,痛风组和对照组中IL-23R基因rs7517847位点GG,GT和1Tr基因型频率（10．4％,49．5％,40．1％;16．2％,49．7％,34．1％;X^2=4．305,P〉0．05）与等位基因频率G和T（35．1％,41％;64．9％,59％;X^2=3．727,P〉0．05）均无统计学意义。IL-23R基因rs7517847位点G／T基因多态性与痛风病的危险因素无显著性关联。结论尚不能认为中国沿海地区汉族男性人群中IL-23R内含子区rs7517847位点基因多态性与痛风有关联性。     

糖尿病对骨密度及相关激素的影响

目的 观察DM患者骨密度（bone mineral density,BMD)及其相关激素的改变，并探讨其发生机制。方法 采用双能（线吸收法测量2型DM患者68例、1型DM患者54例和健康人62例的BMD，放免法测定血清骨钙素、降钙素和25羟维生素D3，免疫放射法测定血清完整甲状旁腺素及I型胶原羧基末段前肽。结果 ①两组DM患者全血HbA1c水平均显著高于对照组（P＜0．01），血清骨钙素水平显著低于对照组（P＜0．01）；②2型DM组BMI、大转子BMD显著高于对照组和1型DM组（BMI，P＜0．01；BMD，P＜0．05）；1型DM组股骨颈BMD低于对照组和2型DM组（P＜0．05），经BMI纠正后，1型DM组股骨颈BMD仍低于对照组（P＜0．05）；③1型DM组各位点BMD与血清I型胶原羧基末段前肽水平呈负相关（P＜0．05），2型DM组腰椎和大转子BMD与全血HbA1c水平呈负相关（P＜0．05）。结论 与健康人群相比，1型DM患者BMD明显降低，2型DM患者BMD明显增高，但经BMI纠正后，这种差异性消失；骨转化降低以及糖尿病代谢紊乱可能参与了糖尿病骨质疏松的发生。     

一个原发性痛风家系致病易感基因染色体定位

目的 对一原发性痛风家系进行致病基因的染色体定位。方法 收集痛风家系成员的临床资料及血液样本。选择其中一典型家系为研究对象（包括6例患者，9例正常人），抽提外周血基因组DNA，进行全基因组扫描和连锁分析，初步明确致病基因所在的染色体区段。结果 在微卫星引物D4S1572处获得最大LOD值（θ=0．00时LOD=1．50），表明该痛风家系的致病基因与该位点连锁。结论 由于D4S1572位于4q25，因此该家系致病基因位于4q25附近。     

痛风饮食10误区

“如何饮食”是痛风患者最为关心的话题,合理的饮食能有利于患者药物治疗的疗效和控制痛风急性发作,不合理的饮食则会使患者的病情雪上加霜.但是许多患者会“道听途说”,在认识上产生许多饮食误区,总结如下,可供参考.     

糖尿病患者雌激素受体基因多态性与骨密度的相关性研究

目的 探讨糖尿病患者雌激素受体（ER）基因多态性与骨密度的关系。方法 采用聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性（PCR－RFLP）技术，对140例糖尿病患者和60例健康人的ER基因（Pvu Ⅱ、Xba Ⅰ位点）进行分型，并计算基因分布频率，同时采用双能X线吸收法测量腰椎及股骨近端骨密度。结果 糖尿病患者PP、xx基因型频率明显高于健康对照组（P＜0.01),pp、XX基因型频率明显低于健康照组（P＜0.01)。I型糖尿病组骨量减少或骨质疏松的发生率明显高于健康对照组和2型糖尿病组（P＜0.01)。糖尿病患者、健康对照组ER基因多态与腰椎、股骨颈、Ward′s三角区骨密度之间均存在显著相关性（P＝0.001)。结论 健康对照组与糖尿病患者ER基因型分布差异有显著性，ER基因型与骨密度相关，p、X等位基因对骨量具有保护作用；胰岛素水平与骨密度亦存在相关性。     

高尿酸血症防治中应关注的几个关键问题

随着人们生活水平的提高和饮食结构的改变,高尿酸血症及其相关疾病的发病率急剧上升.由于多数患者处于无症状高尿酸血症状态,故尚未引起患者和医务工作者的重视.本文就高尿酸血症与痛风、肾损害、糖代谢紊乱、动脉粥样硬化性疾病的关系及其预防进行评论,以期提高广大临床医师对高尿酸血症的认识及对该病防治的重视.

Abstract：

The incidence of hyperuricemia and relevant diseases has been increasing recently since the living improvement and dietary changing. Both patients and doctors do not pay enough attention to this disease, due to the lack of obvious clinical presentations in early stage. This paper comments on the relationship between hyperuricemia and gout, gouty nephropathy, impaired glucose metabolism,and atherosclerotic diseases in order to arouse enough attention to this disease.     

山东沿海居民高尿酸血症及痛风五年随访研究

目的 与2004年结果相比较,明确目前山东沿海地区20岁以上居民高尿酸血症(HUA)与痛风的患病情况及其影响因素.方法 采用随机(随机数字表法)、分层、整群抽样的方法,入户调查青岛、烟台、威海、日照、东营5 191名长住居民HUA与痛风的患病情况.结果 (1)与2004年相比,2009年无论男性还是女性,人群整体血尿酸水平均有增高趋势.(2)按照统一人口标化后,2009年HUA患病标化率为16.99%,比2004年增加3.72%;其中男性增加4.57%、女性增加3.33%.(3)痛风患病标化率为1.36%,比2004年增加0.26%;其中男性降低0.45%,女性增加0.85%.(4)与2004年比较,目前30岁以下男性人群的HUA患病率最高,50~岁年龄组为最低.同样30岁以下女性人群中HUA患病率也较2004年明显增高,70~岁患病率最高.(5)与2004年相比,男性痛风患病率40~岁年龄组为最高.女性30岁以下年龄组较2004年明显增加,70~岁患病率最高.(6)logistic回归分析显示每日海产品摄入量、肉类产品摄入量、啤酒和烈酒摄入量均为HUA和痛风独立危险因素.结论 与2004年相比,人群整体血尿酸水平、HUA和痛风患病率均有增高趋势,且呈明显年轻化,以女性增加显著;膳食因素对HUA和痛风发病有明显影响,海产品、肉类产品、啤酒和白酒每日摄入量为HUA独立危险因素.

Abstract：

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout among residents aged≥20 years in Shandong coastal areas compared with the results of 2004. Methods A randomized stratified cluster sampling was conducted, and 5 191 inhabitants were investigated for prevalences of HUA and gout in Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao, and Dongying. Results (1)The level of serum uric acid had the tendency to increase in both males and females in 2009 compared with that in 2004. (2)According to the uniform population standardization, the standardized prevalence of HUA was 16.99%in 2009. The standardized rate increased by 3.72%compared to 2004, being 4.57%in males and 3.33%in females. (3) The standardized prevalence of gout was 1.36%. Compared with that in 2004, the standardized rate increased by 0.26%, decreased by 0.45%in males while increased by 0.85%in females. (4) Compared to 2004, the prevalence of HUA among males aged≤30 years was the highest, whereas aged between 50 years and 60 years was the lowest at present. (5) Currently, the prevalence of HUA among females aged≤30 years was significantly higher than that of 2004, and aged≥70 years was the highest. (6) Logistic regression analysis showed that the amount of daily intake of seafood, meat, beer, and liquor were independent risk factors of HUA and gout. Conclusions Compared to 2004, the level of serum uric acid and the prevalence of HUA and gout show a tendency to increase among younger in the population surveyed in 2009, significant in female. Dietary factors exert significant effects on the development of HUA and gout. The amount of daily intake of seafood, meat, beer, and liquor are independent risk factors of HUA and gout.     

高尿酸血症与心血管疾病关系的研究进展

大量研究已证实高尿酸血症与心血管疾病相关.尿酸代谢受饮食、药物、机体内环境等诸多因素的影响,其与心血管疾病的关联目前尚未完全清楚,本文就近年来高尿酸血症与心血管疾病相关性的流行病学及发病机制研究进展进行综述.

Abstract：

Lots of studies have identified the relationship between hyperuricemia and cardiovascular diseases. Many factors affect the metabolism of uric acid, such as diet, drug, internal environment of organism, etc. However, the relationship between hyperuricemia and cardiovascular diseases is not quite clear. In this review, we present recently published data about the association between hyperuricemia and selected cardiovascular diseases.     

中国沿海地区汉族男性人群白细胞介素-1β-31C/T基因多态性与痛风的易感性研究

目的 探讨山东省沿海地区中国汉族男性群体的白细胞介素(IL)-1β启动子区rs1143627(-31C/T)基因多态性的分布状况及其与痛风易感性之间的关系.方法 选取208例痛风患者和210名健康对照者,应用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)技术,检测中国汉族男性群体的IL-1β启动子区rs1143627(-31C/T)位点基因多态性与痛风发病的遗传易感性的关系.采用Hardy-Weinberg检验确认标本的群体代表性,数据分析采用χ2检验和t检验.结果 痛风组中IL-1β启动子区-31C/T位点CC,CT和TT基因型分别为32.7%,43.3%和24.0%,健康对照组分别为31.9%,46.2%和21.9%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.427,P>0.05);2组的等位基因频率C和T间差异也无统计学意义(分别为54.3%,55.0%;45.7%,45.0%;χ2=0.038,P>0.05).经χ2检验,IL-1β基因-31C/T位点基因多态性与痛风病的危险因素无显著性关联.结论 尚不能认为中国沿海地区汉族男性人群中IL-1β启动子区rs1143627(-31C/T)基因多态性与痛风有关联性.

Abstract：

Objective To explore gene polymorphism of the C/T genotype of rs1143627 in the promoter of IL-1β gene in male population living in the coastal area of Shandong, and thus to investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphism of IL-1β and gout. Methods A total of 208 gout patients and 210 healthy controls were enrolled. The possible association between the polymorphism of IL-1 β -3 1C/T and gout in Chinese were investigated and genotype frequencies and allelic frequencies was calculated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Hardy-Weinberg was used to verify the representativeness of the sample. Comparisons between the groups were performed with χ2 test and t-test. Results The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 32.7%, 43.3% and 24.0%,respectively among gout patients, while they were 31.9%,46.2% and 21.9%, respectively among the controls.There was no statistically difference in IL-1β -31C/T genotype frequencies between gout patients and controls (χ2=0.427, P>0.05). The allele frequencies of C and T in gout cases were different from those in the controls (54.3%, 55.0%; 45.7%, 45.0%; χ2=0.038, P>0.05). Moreover, no association between IL- I β-31 C/T genotypes and risk factors for gout were observed in gout cases by χ2 test. Conclusion Results of the present study suggest that the C/T genotype of rs1143627 in the promoter of IL-1β gene is not associated with gout in male population living in the coastal area of Shandong.