The significance of microproteinuria for the diagnosis of kidney involvement in hypertensive disease and secondary forms of arterial hypertension]

N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity, the concentrations of microalbumin (MA) and B2-microglobulin (B2-MG) were measured in urine of 50 healthy subjects and 200 patients suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) with preserved renal function, including patients with essential hypertension (EH), stages I and II, chronic pyelonephritis (CPN), chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and vasorenal hypertension (VRH). The healthy subjects, the patients with stage II EH, and those with secondary forms of AH demonstrated significant differences in NAG activity in urine. A positive correlation (r = +0.53; p < 0.03) was discovered between systolic AP and NAG activity in urine of EH patients. The concentration of MA in urine of CGN and VRH patients was significantly higher than that in the healthy subjects, EH and CPN patients. The patients with CPN and VRH showed significantly higher levels of B2-MG in urine.     

Comparative Analysis of African Swine Fever Virus Genotypes and Serogroups

African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes highly lethal hemorrhagic disease among pigs, and ASFV’s extreme antigenic diversity hinders vaccine development. We show that p72 ASFV phylogenetic analysis does not accurately define ASFV hemadsorption inhibition assay serogroups. Thus, conventional ASFV genotyping cannot discriminate between viruses of different virulence or predict efficacy of a specific ASFV vaccine.     

Patient Perspectives on Strengths and Challenges of Therapist-Assisted Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy: Using the Patient Voice to Improve Care

Therapist-assisted internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (T-ICBT) involves patients reading online treatment materials, completing relevant exercises, and receiving therapist support. This study aimed to understand the preferences and recommendations of 225 patients enrolled in a T-ICBT course for depression and anxiety via an online therapy unit in collaboration with community mental health clinics dispersed across one Canadian province. An open-ended survey asked participants their opinions of the course and responses were analyzed using a content analysis approach. Patient comments addressed many strengths of the course (64%), with some opportunities for improvement (36%). Most-appreciated features included ability to download content for future use, reading other patients’ experiences, and content of lessons. Patients made suggestions for improving the breadth of patient stories, timeline of the course, and matching availability of the therapist to patient need. Patient feedback regarding preferences provides valuable information for improving the patient-centered nature of T-ICBT.     

骨关节炎大鼠关节软骨修复与橄榄叶提取物的干预效应

目的:观察橄榄叶提取物对白陶土及鹿角菜胶诱导的大鼠骨关节炎组织炎症的预防作用及对关节软骨的修复作用。方法:试验于2005-11/12在大连医科大学中日合作医药科学研究所进行。实验动物:选择健康雄性SD大鼠80只。实验材料:受试物橄榄叶提取物[由日本国Eisai食品与化学有限公司(日本国东京市)提供]。实验分组及给药:按体质量将大鼠随机分为5组,每组16只。模型对照组,灌胃给予蒸馏水,消炎痛组,灌胃给予消炎痛2mg/kg体质量,其余3组为橄榄叶提取物组,分别给予橄榄叶提取物(活性成分为以羟基酪醇为主的多酚)25,50,100mg/kg体质量灌胃,连续5d。第1天给药后1h,采用白陶土与鹿角菜胶诱发大鼠单发亚急性关节炎。实验评估:①诱发关节炎后1,3,5d,用容积测量法测定每组8只大鼠的左右后肢足跖体积,计算肿胀度,并同时用游标卡尺测定其胫跗骨关节最大径。②诱发关节炎后第5天,测定大鼠足跖伊文思蓝含量。每组的另8只大鼠,在诱发关节炎第5天麻醉后处死,剪下右足跖做组织病理学检查,观察橄榄叶提取物对大鼠骨关节炎中组织炎症的预防作用及对关节软骨的修复作用。结果:80只大鼠全部进入结果分析。①足跖肿胀度及胫跗骨关节径:诱发关节炎后1,3,5d,橄榄叶提取物50mg/kg组和100mg/kg组大鼠的右后足跖肿胀度均明显小于模型对照组大鼠[1d:(46.7±4.2)%,(44.8±6.8)%,(52.5±4.0)%;3d:(40.4±4.8)%,(37.4±5.7)%,(45.0±2.9)%;5d:(34.5±4.8),(31.7±5.3)%,(40.4±4.0)%,P<0.05],橄榄叶提取物25mg/kg体质量组,50mg/kg体质量组,100mg/kg体质量组大鼠的右后胫跗骨关节径与模型对照组大鼠比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。②足跖伊文思蓝含量:诱发关节炎后第5天,橄榄叶提取物50mg/kg,100mg/kg组大鼠的右后足跖伊文思蓝含量均明显小于模型对照组大鼠(P<0.05)。③组织病理学检查及评分:组织病理学检查可见,与模型对照组比较,橄榄叶提取物50mg/kg组,100mg/kg组大鼠骨关节炎中组织炎症浸润明显减少,软骨组织无破坏,且组织病理学评分也明显小于模型对照组(P<0.05)。结论:橄榄叶提取物在50mg/kg体质量及以上剂量能有效地预防白陶土与鹿角菜胶诱发的大鼠骨关节炎中组织炎症,且对软骨有修复作用。     

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者升主动脉弹性与颈动脉内-中膜厚度的相关性

目的:观察冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)患者升主动脉弹性与颈动脉内膜-中层厚度及粥样斑块发生的相关性。方法:于2005-08/2006-04选择石河子大学医学院第一附属医院心内科行冠状动脉造影检查患者97例,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为正常对照组41例和冠心病组56例,对两组患者进行超声检查,分别测量升主动脉扩张性D、僵硬度指数β、测量升主动脉前壁收缩期S波以及舒张期E波、A波的速度、颈动脉内膜-中层厚度及粥样斑块发生率。僵硬度指数β=In(收缩压/舒张压)/[(收缩期内径-舒张期内径)/舒张期内径]。动脉扩张性D=2(收缩期内径-舒张期内径)/[舒张期内径(收缩压-舒张压)]×10-3m2/N。结果:纳入患者97例,均进入结果分析。①冠心病组升主动脉扩张性D低于正常对照组,差异有显著性意义[分别为(15.02±9.99)×10-4,(34.75±20.80)×10-3m2/N,P=0.001];僵硬度指数β高于正常对照组(分别为28.20±21.06,15.23±25.32,P=0.001);升主动脉前壁S波和E波速度低于正常对照组[分别为(0.08±0.01),(0.10±0.03)m/s;(0.05±0.01),(0.07±0.02)m/s,P=0.001];颈动脉内膜-中层厚度和颈动脉斑块发生率高于正常对照组[分别为(0.90±0.15),(0.66±0.09)mm;41.03%,5.88%,P=0.001]。②升主动脉前壁S波速度与扩张性呈正相关(r=0.43,P=0.003),与僵硬度指数呈负相关(r=-0.47,P=0.002)。升主动脉前壁E波速度与扩张性呈正相关(r=0.47,P=0.002),与僵硬度指数无相关性。升主动脉前壁A波速度与扩张性和僵硬度指数均无相关性。③升主动脉扩张性D与颈动脉内膜-中层厚度呈负相关(r=-0.49,P=0.004),而僵硬度指数β与内膜-中层厚度则呈正相关(r=0.46,P=0.003)。S波速度与内膜-中层厚度无相关性(r=-0.26,P=0.15)。结论:冠心病患者升主动脉弹性降低即动脉扩张性降低、僵硬度指数升高、升主动脉前壁S波速度下降,颈动脉内膜-中层厚度增厚及粥样斑块发生率增高,将这些参数结合可作为冠心病很有价值的预测指标。     

AGTR1基因A10208G位点多态性与宁夏地区2型糖尿病与健康人的相关性

目的:糖尿病与心血管疾病可能存在着共同的遗传基础,AT1基因可能是心血管疾病与糖尿病共同的候选基因,人类编码AT1受体基因是AGTR1基因。分析2型糖尿病与健康者AGTR1基因A10208G位点多态性与胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能之间的关系。方法:选择2005-03/2007-03于银川市第一人民医院内分泌科住院新诊断的2型糖尿病患者127例,符合1999年WHO糖尿病诊断标准,男68例,女59例,平均(54.86 11.05)岁,伴有腹型肥胖的2型精尿病患者105例,不伴有腹型肥胖的2型糖尿病患者22例,所有患者均自愿参加本实验,实验经医院伦理委员会批准。健康对照组人群来自宁夏地区的健康志愿者224名,男117名,女107名,平均(56.68 11.39)岁。所有对象均无血缘关系,且两组人群在性别和年龄上均匹配,各项参数之间无统计学意义。采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术分析105例伴有肥胖2型糖尿病患者,22例不伴肥胖的2型糖尿病患者及224例健康对照者AGTR1基因A10208G位点多态性,并测定相应生化指标进行分析。结果:351名受试者均进入结果分析。①腹型肥胖糖尿病组AGTR1基因A10208G位点基因型分布和等位基因频率与健康对照组比较有统计学意义(基因型:x~2=10.85,P<0.01;等位基因:x~2=5.57,P<0.05)。②腹型肥胖糖尿病组携G等位基因患者Homa-IR、Homa-β明显高于非腹型肥胖糖尿病组携G等位基因患者(P<0.05)。结论:①AGTR1基因A10208G位点多态性与2型糖尿病存在相关性,尤其是伴有腹型肥胖的2型糖尿病患者。②AGTR1基因A10208G位点A→G的突变可能参与胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞分泌功能损伤。     

Psychopathology in individuals with post-traumatic headaches and other pain types

In this study, the psychological functioning of patients with chronic post-traumatic headache (PTH), chronic combination headache and chronic low back pain without headache, whose time of onset was similar, and a matched group of controls was investigated. The Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Form Y (STAI-Y), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to assess the degree of psychopathology. A MANOVA test indicated highly significant differences between groups. In general, the pain groups fell along a continuum with PTH subjects demonstrating the highest elevations, back pain subjects demonstrating the next highest elevations, and combination subjects demonstrating fewer elevations. A cluster analysis indicated that findings were best classified into four clusters, but no one pain diagnosis predominated in any cluster. Eighty-nine percent of controls were assigned to clusters 1 or 2, which revealed essentially normal scores on all tests. It is suggested that while chronic pain patients demonstrate more psychopathology than non-pain controls, a variety of coping styles exists within each pain group independent of diagnostic categorization.