FX miniRAIL球囊成形术治疗冠状动脉支架内再狭窄

目的 :采用血管腔内超声 (IVUS)研究经皮冠状动脉 (冠脉 )内FXminiRAILTM球囊成形术 (FXBA)治疗冠脉支架内再狭窄 (ISR)的疗效及其安全性。方法 :冠脉内支架植入术后单支ISR >70 %的病人 171例 (男性 12 4例 ,女性 4 7例 ,年龄 6 1± 11岁 ) ,分为FXBA组 (n =10 6 )和普通球囊成形术 (PTCA)组 (n =6 5 )。所有病例术前、术后即刻以及术后随访期行定量冠脉造影 (QCA)及IVUS。QCA分析病变长度 ,最小管腔直径 (MLD) ,参照管腔直径 (RLD)和管腔直径狭窄百分比 (DS) ;IVUS分析血管总横截面积 (TVA) ,外弹力膜内横截面积 (EEMA) ,支架横截面积 (SA) ,最小管腔横截面积 (MLA) ,支架内的再狭窄面积(RA)。随访靶血管再次成形率 (TVR)和主要不良心血管事件 (MACE)发生率。结果 :FXBA治疗ISR和PTCA一样易于操作 ,两组的操作成功率均为 10 0 %。IVUS显示FXBA组治疗ISR后即刻管腔面积的获得大于PTCA组 (5 .4 3± 0 .6 3mm2 对4 .92± 0 .4 6mm2 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,而随访期 (平均随访时间 5 .4± 1.6个月 )管腔面积的丢失则小于PTCA组 (0 .5 1± 0 .2 1mm2 对0 .91± 0 .2 3mm2 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;两组术后即刻SA均较术前增加。随访期FXBA组的ISR复发率 (2 1.1%± 7.6 % )明显低于PT CA组 (38.3%± 4 .3% ) ,P <0 .0 0 1;FXBA     

血管内超声在自发性冠状动脉夹层诊断和治疗中的初步应用

目的初步探讨血管内超声（IVUS）在自发性冠状动脉夹层（spontaneous coronary artery dissection，SCAD）诊断和介入治疗中的应用价值。方法采用IVUS观察6例SCAD的显像特征，并指导3例SCAD的冠状动脉内支架植入治疗。结果6例患者IVUS均清晰显示内膜片结构，根据真假腔外侧壁的超声结构差异和假腔内血栓，6例患者均成功鉴别出真假腔。3例接受冠状动脉内支架植入治疗的患者，根据IVUS显像准确选择支架尺寸，指导支架在真腔内释放，并确定支架扩张充分和夹层完全闭合。结论应用IVUS有助于对SCAD进行精确的评估，准确地指导SCAD的冠状动脉内支架植入并评价其疗效。     

应用高透氧性角膜接触镜在准分子激光角膜切削术后的病原学分析

目的针对准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术(PRK)后所使用的绷带式高透氧性角膜接触镜的病原学进行分析。方法对接受PRK手术的50例(100只眼)患者,手术前取结膜囊分泌物进行细菌学培养。术后给予术眼配戴高透氧性绷带式角膜接触镜,术后第6~8天摘除角膜接触镜,将角膜接触镜进行细菌学检测,并同时再次取结膜囊分泌物进行细菌学培养。并将接触镜培养阳性的患者与培养阴性的患者分组对比,分析两组间矫正视力、眼压、角膜厚度等相关影响因素的差异性。结果 100片角膜接触镜中,3片(3%)细菌学检测结果呈阳性,均为表皮葡萄球菌。所有患者术前、术后结膜囊均未监测到细菌,术后均未见眼部感染表现。阳性组和阴性组间,泪液分泌量存在差异,可能与培养阳性有相关。结论 PRK术后使用的高透氧性绷带式角膜接触镜具有发生细菌污染的可能,尤其对于泪液分泌量较少的患者,其角膜接触镜发生感染机率较高。手术前后合理用药可有效控制接触镜中细菌的繁殖。     

169株鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性分析

目的了解鲍曼不动杆菌的分布及耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法细菌鉴定采用API Staph和TH-168鉴定编码管,K-B法进行药敏试验。结果 169株鲍曼不动杆菌对10种抗生素的耐药率分别为:亚胺培南23%、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦25%、氨苄西林/舒巴坦32%、阿米卡星35%、环丙沙星40%、头孢他啶42%、庆大霉素52%、哌拉西林56%、头孢哌酮65%、氨苄西林88%。结论医院感染鲍曼不动杆菌主要分布在重症监护病房、新生儿病房等科室,具有多重耐药性,应加强对鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性监测,根据药敏试验结果结合临床合理使用抗生素。     

血管内超声评价雷帕霉素洗脱支架再狭窄及早期血栓形成

Objective To identify underlying mechanical risk factors of that developed in-stent restenosis (ISR) or early stent thrombosis in sirolimus-eluting stent (SES)-treated lesions using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Methods IVUS were performed in 60 (ISR, n = 43; early stent thrombosis, n = 17) patients (event group) and in 34 patients without ISR and early stent thrombosis (noevent group) underwent SES implantations. Results Compared with the no-event group, minimum stent area [MSA, (4.6±1.6) mm2 vs. (5.8±1.6) mm2, P ＜0.01], minimum stent diameter [(2.2±0.5) mm vs. (2.5±0.4) mm, P＜0.01],andstentexpansion[(69.2±20.7)% vs. (80.6±17.2)%,P＜ 0.01] were significantly smaller, and longitudinal stent symmetry index (MSA/maximum stent area, 2.0±0.6 vs. 1.7±0.6, P ＜ 0.05) was significantly larger in the event group. Incidence of MSA ＜ 4.0 mm2(43.3% vs. 14.7%, P ＜0.01) and stent expansion ＜60% (40.7% vs. 11.8%, P ＜0.01) were more frequent in the event group than that in no-event group. Furthermore, proximal residual plaque burden was significantly higher compared to the no-event group [(49.0±15.5) % vs. (38.4±17.6) %, P ＜ 0.01]. Independent predictors of post SES 1SR or early thrombosis were MSA (OR:0.7, 95% CI:0.5-0.8, P ＜ 0.01) and proximal residual plaque burden (OR:280.7, 95% CI: 17.2-40 583.6, P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion Smaller MSA and higher proximal residual plaque burden are independent predictors of ISR or early thrombosis post SES implantations.     

血管内超声评价雷帕霉素洗脱支架再狭窄及早期血栓形成

Objective To identify underlying mechanical risk factors of that developed in-stent restenosis (ISR) or early stent thrombosis in sirolimus-eluting stent (SES)-treated lesions using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Methods IVUS were performed in 60 (ISR, n = 43; early stent thrombosis, n = 17) patients (event group) and in 34 patients without ISR and early stent thrombosis (noevent group) underwent SES implantations. Results Compared with the no-event group, minimum stent area [MSA, (4.6±1.6) mm2 vs. (5.8±1.6) mm2, P ＜0.01], minimum stent diameter [(2.2±0.5) mm vs. (2.5±0.4) mm, P＜0.01],andstentexpansion[(69.2±20.7)% vs. (80.6±17.2)%,P＜ 0.01] were significantly smaller, and longitudinal stent symmetry index (MSA/maximum stent area, 2.0±0.6 vs. 1.7±0.6, P ＜ 0.05) was significantly larger in the event group. Incidence of MSA ＜ 4.0 mm2(43.3% vs. 14.7%, P ＜0.01) and stent expansion ＜60% (40.7% vs. 11.8%, P ＜0.01) were more frequent in the event group than that in no-event group. Furthermore, proximal residual plaque burden was significantly higher compared to the no-event group [(49.0±15.5) % vs. (38.4±17.6) %, P ＜ 0.01]. Independent predictors of post SES 1SR or early thrombosis were MSA (OR:0.7, 95% CI:0.5-0.8, P ＜ 0.01) and proximal residual plaque burden (OR:280.7, 95% CI: 17.2-40 583.6, P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion Smaller MSA and higher proximal residual plaque burden are independent predictors of ISR or early thrombosis post SES implantations.     

曲美他嗪联合丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗不稳定型心绞痛的效果评价

目的：探讨曲美他嗪联合丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效。方法对96例不稳定型心绞痛患者,随机将其分为观察组和对照组,各48例,两组患者均行常规治疗,并在此基础上给予观察组患者曲美他嗪联合丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗,给予对照组患者丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗,并对两组患者的治疗总有效率、治疗后不稳定型心绞痛发作次数、发作持续时间、硝酸甘油消耗量进行对比。结果观察组患者的治疗总有效率（93.75%）明显高于对照组（75.00%）（P〈0.05）,治疗后观察组患者的不稳定型心绞痛发作次数（0.6±0.5）次/d、发作持续时间（3.3±1.5）min/次、硝酸甘油消耗量（11.5±2.5）片/周均明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论在常规治疗的基础上给予不稳定型心绞痛患者曲美他嗪联合丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗可有效的提高治疗效果,减少心绞痛发作次数,临床效果显著,值得推广和应用。     

斑点追踪显像技术评价心肌扭转与心肌梗死范围相关性的实验研究

目的 应用斑点追踪显像技术评价急性心肌梗死(AMI)再灌注前、后左室心肌扭转,借以比较多个常规扭转指标与梗死范围的相关性,找出最能反映梗死范围的扭转指标.方法 小型猪15只,结扎左前降支120 min,分别检测结扎前、结扎后120 min、解除结扎后30 min、60 min、90 min、12 h各时间点常规超声指标以及扭转数据并进行比较.氯化硝基四氮唑蓝染色后计算心肌梗死范围.结果 AMI后心尖及左室各旋转/扭转角度指标均显著下降,再灌注12 h无明显改善.AMI即刻,左室整体扭转角度峰值及心尖整体旋转角度峰值与梗死范围的相关性明显优于同期其他扭转指标,相关系数分别为-0.81和-0.69(P均＜0.01);再灌注12 h相关性依然较好.结论 在AMI即刻及再灌注12 h内,左室整体扭转角度峰值及心尖整体旋转角度峰值是反映心肌梗死范围最敏感的扭转指标.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the most sensitive markers of left ventricular(LV) torsion which can reflect infarct size by assessing the relationship between routine markers of LV torsion and infarct size using speckle tracking imaging (STI).Methods Fifteen open-chest pigs underwent 120 minutes of left anterior descending (LAD) ligation followed by 12 hours of reperfusion.Rotation and torsion of LV were obtained by STI before LAD occlusion,LAD occlusion immediately,and 30,60,90 minutes and 12 hours after reperfusion.Infarct size was measured by nitrotetrazolium blue chloride staining.Results LAD ligation resulted in a dramatic decrease in both subepicardial and subendocardial peak apical rotation or peak LV torsion.Twelve hours after reperfusion,all of the peak rotation and torsion remained significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.01 versus AMI).At AMI,peak bulk LV torsion and peak bulk apical rotation inversely correlated with infarct size (r = - 0.81,P ＜0.01; r = - 0.69,P ＜0.01).There existed the good relationship at 12-hour follow-up after reperfusion.The relationship was superior to that of other torsion markers.Conclusions Peak bulk LV torsion and peak bulk apical rotation are the most sensitive markers of LV torsion which can reflect infarct size.     

血管内超声评价雷帕霉素洗脱支架再狭窄及早期血栓形成

Objective To identify underlying mechanical risk factors of that developed in-stent restenosis (ISR) or early stent thrombosis in sirolimus-eluting stent (SES)-treated lesions using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Methods IVUS were performed in 60 (ISR, n = 43; early stent thrombosis, n = 17) patients (event group) and in 34 patients without ISR and early stent thrombosis (noevent group) underwent SES implantations. Results Compared with the no-event group, minimum stent area [MSA, (4.6±1.6) mm2 vs. (5.8±1.6) mm2, P ＜0.01], minimum stent diameter [(2.2±0.5) mm vs. (2.5±0.4) mm, P＜0.01],andstentexpansion[(69.2±20.7)% vs. (80.6±17.2)%,P＜ 0.01] were significantly smaller, and longitudinal stent symmetry index (MSA/maximum stent area, 2.0±0.6 vs. 1.7±0.6, P ＜ 0.05) was significantly larger in the event group. Incidence of MSA ＜ 4.0 mm2(43.3% vs. 14.7%, P ＜0.01) and stent expansion ＜60% (40.7% vs. 11.8%, P ＜0.01) were more frequent in the event group than that in no-event group. Furthermore, proximal residual plaque burden was significantly higher compared to the no-event group [(49.0±15.5) % vs. (38.4±17.6) %, P ＜ 0.01]. Independent predictors of post SES 1SR or early thrombosis were MSA (OR:0.7, 95% CI:0.5-0.8, P ＜ 0.01) and proximal residual plaque burden (OR:280.7, 95% CI: 17.2-40 583.6, P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion Smaller MSA and higher proximal residual plaque burden are independent predictors of ISR or early thrombosis post SES implantations.