接触二甲基甲酰胺对男工生殖内分泌机能影响

目的研究二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)对男工生殖内分泌机能影响.方法按照国家标准测定作业场所空气中DMF浓度,并用尿中甲基甲酰胺(NMF)浓度来衡量作业工人实际接触水平,用化学发光免疫测定法(CLIA)测定了100名男工血清中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、泌乳素(PRL)、睾酮(T)浓度.结果高水平DMF接触作业工人血清中T浓度[(30.15±8.37)g/L]高于低水平接触组[(25.36±10.69)g/L]和对照组[(18.56±8.07)g /L],而FSH浓度[(6.53±4.06)×10-3单位/L]则低于低水平接触组[(10.03±3.47)×10-3单位/L]和对照组[(12.63±6.55)×10-3单位/L];血清T浓度、异常率与DMF接触水平有明显剂量反应关系;高、低水平接触组 T/LH比值(3.72±2.06、3.41±2.55)明显低于对照组(7.75±10.16).结论 DMF能使男工FSH变化外,尚存在间质细胞功能及LH-T轴异常,对男工具有一定的生殖毒性.     

吸入氧化铜烟雾致金属烟热事故一起

Qian Yalin;Ran Zheng;Li Feng     

疏肝降脂方治疗高血脂症的临床观察

高脂血症（HLP）是临床上的一种常见病、多发病，其最重要的危害是可加速全身动脉粥样硬化，产生心肌梗死、脑梗死等严重心脑血管疾病。近年来，随着人们生活水平的提高，其发病率星上升趋势，并出现年轻化、普遍化的趋势。     

GSTT1及GSTM1和CYP2E1基因多态性与二甲基甲酰胺所致肝脏损害的关系

Objective To investigate abnormal liver function associated with polymorphism of GSTT1,GSTM1 and CYP2E1 in workers exposed to N,N- dimethylformamide.Methods Sixty-nine workers with abnormal liver function in a synthetic leather factory were recruited as case.One hundred and twenty five control subjects with similar work tasks were selected from the same factory.Genotypes for GSTT1 and GSTM1 were determined by multiplex PCR,and for CYP2E1 PstI by PCR-RFLP assay.Results The frequency of positive GSTM1 was 59.42% in cases and 38.40% in control,with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.34,95% CI:1.29～4.29 (P=0.005).For GSTT1 and CYP2E1 PstI,the frequencies of genotypes showed no significant difference between case and control.Conclusion GSTM1 positive genotype may be genetic risk factors for development of abnormal liver function in workers exposed to N,N- diroethylformamide.     

接触正已烷致工人周围神经损害的研究

目的研究接触正己烷致工人周围神经损害的影响。方法对206名接触正己烷的工人和128名对照组进行问卷、内科体检和神经传导速度及尿中2,5-己二酮、血清神经特异性烯化酶(NSE)水平测定。结果上帮车间正己烷浓度超过国家接触限值;下帮车间未超标。上帮车间组工人有乏力、肢麻、行走不便、下蹲起立困难、肌肉萎缩、跨越步态、肌力下降、浅感觉减退、腱反射减退等症状体征,与下帮车间组及对照组相比,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。测定248根运动神经传导速度中172根(69.3%)传导速度减慢,62根(25.0%)波幅下降;32根(12.9%)远端潜伏期延长;186根感觉神经中141根(75.8%)传导速度减慢;班后尿中均检出2,5-己二酮;血清NSE水平测定,异常率为22.6%。结论接触超限值正己烷浓度对工人的神经系统症状体征、神经传导速度、2,5-己二酮以及血清NSE水平均有影响。     

茶叶的高精度低氟标准物质的研制

氟是人体必需的微量元素 ,适量的氟有益于人体骨骼和牙齿的发育 ,但长期过量摄入会导致氟中毒。在国内对生物材料氟标准物质的研制中 ,已对高氟茶叶作过定值 [1 ](GBW0 76 0 5 1991年 32 0 μg/ g,不确定度 2 0 % )。美国研制了用于土壤和植物检测质控的标准物质 ,对氟作了定值 (COMARNo:0 30 0 10 5 2 0 SRM2 6 95 / 2 1991年 ,2 77μg/ g,不确定度10 0 % )。本标准物质的氟定值为 6 4.3μg/ g,相对标准差 8.4%。　　　1　材料与方法1.1　标准物质的制备选用含氟量较低的安徽黄山特级绿茶为本标准物质的候选物 ,按国家一级标准物质技…     

二甲基甲酰胺作业工人皮肤污染量研究

Objective To establish a method for the determination of dimethylformamide(DMF) and investigate dermal contamination and absorption among workers occupationally exposed to DMF. Method 37 workers exposed to DMF were divided randomly into two groups. DMF was washed down by isopropyl alcohol in A group (16 workers) and water in B group(21 workers).Gas chromatography was used for the quantification of dermal contamination and N-methylformamide(NMF) in urine, correlative study was done between them. Results DMF could be detected in all samples in A group, but could not be detected in B group. The miscel-laneous peaks could be completely separated from the DMF peak in the sample spectrum, without matual in-ference. The highest degree of total dermal contamination was observed in wet spinning workshop[(2.84±1.31 ) ing], postprocessing workshop[(2.50±0.95) mg] and dry spinning workshop[( 1.95±0.61) mg] were lower. The respiratory cumulative exposure dosages were 351.3, 201.3 and 135.2 mg respectively. The average DMP concentration in air of the third printing processing workshop, the dry spirning workshop and the wet spinning workshop was 60.2, 89.6, 156.4 mg/m3 respectively, and the respiratory tract contamination in the workers of the three workshops were 135.2, 201.3 and 351.3 mg respectively. There was statistical independence between the quantification of total dermal contamination and NMF in urine (r=0.176,P>0.05). Conclusion Isopropyl alcohol is the effective washing solvent.When the concentration of DMF in workplace air is above the occupa-tional exposure limit, respiratory tract absorption is the principal pathway of DMF absorption,but dermal con-tamination of DMF should not be ignored.     

仿皮面料中二甲基甲酰胺残留量分析方法研究

仿皮面料中的二甲基甲酰胺 (ＤｉｍｅｔｈｙｌｆｏｒｍａｍｉｄｅＤＭＦ)是由原料本身及其后加工或染色过程中带入的。ＤＭＦ虽属低毒物质 ,但长期吸入高浓度ＤＭＦ的毒作用不容忽视 ,制衣行业近几年来ＤＭＦ职业中毒屡有发生[1,2 ] 。我们参照ＧＢ/Ｔ16 111 1995 [3 ] 和ＧＢ/Ｔ 2 912 .1 1998[4] 系统地研究了用气相色谱法测定仿皮面料中ＤＭＦ的残留量及排除该残留的方法。一、材料与方法1 仪器 :ＳＱ 2 0 4气相色谱仪 ,ＦＩＤ检测器 (北京分析仪器厂生产 )。色谱条件 :2 0ＭＰＥＧ∶ＫＯＨ∶6 2 0 1红色担体 (6 0～ 80目 ) =5∶5∶10 0 …     

高效液相色谱法测定尿中N-乙酰-S-(N-甲基甲氨酰)半胱氨酸的含量

目的:建立简便有效的测定尿中N-乙酰-S-(N-甲基甲氨酰)半胱氨酸(AMCC)的高效液相色谱方法。方法:尿样经固相萃取后用高效液相色谱法分析,采用C18柱,以5%乙腈水溶液为流动相,流速1.0 ml/min,检测波长为196 nm。结果:尿中AMCC在1.00 mg/L～50.00 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为1.0000。方法精密度为2.8%～4.0%,检出限为0.1 mg/L,加样回收率为86.2%～96.1%。结论:该方法各项性能指标均符合职业卫生标准制定指南第5部分:生物材料中化学物质测定方法中相关要求,可用于测定二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)暴露工人尿中的AMCC含量。     

二甲基乙酰胺职业接触及与尿中甲基乙酰胺的关系

[目的]探讨职业二甲基乙酰胺（DMAC）接触与尿中甲基乙酰胺（NMAC）的相关性。[方法]对3家氨纶生产企业6个工种201名工人进行空气中DMAC暴露浓度监测及工作周末班末尿样采集,同时对20名纺丝工连续一周空气样品和班末尿样的采集;分别用气相色谱测定空气中DMAC和尿中NMAC含量。[结果]氨纶生产过程中组件清洗工、纺丝工接触DMAC水平最高（P〈0.0033）,中位数分别为32.10、22.02mg/m3,其尿中NMAC浓度较其他工种高（P〈0.0033）,中位数分别为30.09、22.72mg/gCr;工作周末班末尿NMAC含量与空气中DMAC浓度呈直线相关,直线方程为log（U-NMAC）=0.685＋0.455×log（A-DMAC）（r=0.698,P=0.001）;长期DMAC接触者,接触2d后尿中NMAC呈较高水平（P〈0.0033）;个体DMAC接触代谢转化为NMAC的相对内暴露指数（RIE）与DMAC接触浓度呈负相关（rs=-0.781,P=0.001）。[结论]工作周末班末尿NMAC含量与空气中DMAC浓度呈良好对数线性关系。