The effectiveness of specialized nursing interventions for patients with Parkinson disease: A randomized controlled study protocol

Background:The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the impact of the care of Parkinson disease nurse specialist on improving motor symptoms and life quality for patients with Parkinson disease (PD).Method:This is a randomized controlled research, and it will be conducted from April 2021 to October 2021 at Sichuan Provincial People''s Hospital. The experiment was granted through the Research Ethics Committee of Sichuan Provincial People''s Hospital (004510293). All the patients suffer from PD, age 18 years or older, both female and male, regardless of the duration or severity of this disease are eligible. The exclusion criteria contains: lack sufficient knowledge to complete questionnaires, serious physical comorbidities or refuse to take part in the program. In our experiment, the major result measures are motor symptoms and life quality. For the measurement of life quality, we will utilize Parkinson disease Questionnaire-39, the most extensively utilized the scale of life quality in PD. The evaluation of motor symptoms severity is carried out with the revision of Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale sponsored by Movement Disorder Society.Results:Table 1 indicates clinical outcomes at different time points.Conclusion:The Parkinson''s disease nurse specialist care may promote the life quality in the PD patients.Trial registration number:researchregistry 6284.     

以骨折骨痛为首发症状的滤泡状甲状腺癌骨转移1例临床探讨并文献复习

目的:探讨滤泡状甲状腺癌骨转移的临床特征和治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析1例以左侧锁骨病理性骨折及骨痛为首发症状的滤泡状甲状腺癌患者的临床影像学资料、病理学资料，随访治疗效果，并复习相关文献。结果:患者左侧甲状腺肿物考虑为滤泡状甲状腺癌。C5、T10椎体、左侧锁骨考虑为转移癌。行左侧锁骨部分切除术，术后病理提示:滤泡状甲状腺癌骨转移。结论:对以病理性骨折和骨痛为主要症状的滤泡状甲状腺癌，影像学与组织活检相结合有利于降低误诊率，治疗方案取决于对患者局部病灶和全身状况的全面评估。     

A Giant Thoracic Duct Cyst as the Cause of Abdomen Pain: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Thoracic duct cysts, which may be of congenital or degenerative origin, are very rare lesions. Most patients are asymptomatic, but when symptoms are present they include cough, dyspnea, dysphagia and chest pain. However, in this case report a 35-year-old male patient presented to us with intermittent abdomen pain. Clinical symptoms and radiographic findings helped to identify a giant thoracic duct cyst in this patient. Surgical resection of the cyst resolved the abdominal symptoms. This was the first case reported in the literature of a thoracic duct cyst with the symptoms of abdominal pain.     

慢性疼痛中枢调控网络的研究现状与思考＊

慢性疼痛是一种复杂的身心疾病，包括躯体痛觉异常、认知障碍、负性情绪等多个方面的改变，同时伴随着神经系统的功能以及结构的改变。本文将对慢性疼痛与下行疼痛调节通路、疼痛情感-认知调控网络以及中脑边缘奖赏网络的相关性，以及针刺镇痛的中枢机制相关研究文献进行综述，旨在探讨下行疼痛调节通路、疼痛情感-认知调控网络以及中脑边缘奖赏网络在慢痛发生机制中的作用，为临床治疗慢性疼痛类疾病提供更优势的治疗方案。     

灌注CT诊断胰岛素瘤最佳融合期相数目

目的 比较不同期相数目融合得出的自定义容积图像,找到灌注CT诊断胰岛素瘤的最佳融合期相数目。方法 回顾性纳入因怀疑胰岛素瘤、在北京协和医院行灌注CT检查且经病理证实为胰岛素瘤的患者39 例,采用后处理软件dynamic angio获取主动脉时间-密度曲线,之后将腹主动脉峰值及其邻近2、4、6、8、10 期,共计3、5、7、9、11 个时间点融合,得到5 组自定义容积图像。对5 组图像的客观图像质量[噪声、胰腺实质信噪比(SNR)、肿瘤对比度及对比噪声比(CNR)]及主观图像质量(总体图像质量、胰岛素瘤显示)进行比较。统计学方法采用单因素重复测量方差分析及Friedman M秩和检验。结果 随着融合期相增多,图像噪声明显减低,胰腺SNR明显增加(P均<0.001)。5期融合图像胰岛素瘤对比度为69.81±41.35,与3期融合图像的72.77±45.25相比差异无统计学意义(P=0.103),但显著高于其他各组(P均≤0.001)。5~11 期融合图像胰岛素瘤的CNR值差异无统计学意义(P均>0.99),但均显著高于3 期融合图像(P均<0.05)。5 组容积图像的总体图像质量差异无统计学意义(P=0.977)。结论 5 期融合图像胰岛素瘤对比度及CNR不劣于甚至优于其他融合图像,且拥有中等图像噪声及胰腺实质SNR。灌注CT诊断胰岛素瘤的最佳融合期相数目为5期。     

槲皮素脂质体抑制小鼠肺组织炎症作用的研究

目的 制备槲皮素脂质体以提高水溶性,研究槲皮素脂质体对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的小鼠炎症性肺损伤的作用。方法 采用薄膜分散法将槲皮素包裹于脂质体中,使用粒度分析仪测定其粒径和电位,使用透射电镜观察脂质体形貌特征。将20只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为5组：对照组、模型组、空白脂质体组、槲皮素（20mg·kg^-1）组和槲皮素脂质体（以槲皮素计20mg·kg^-1）组,每组4只。对照组不做处理,其余各组ip 3mg·kg^-1LPS,2h后ip相应药物,24h后取出肺组织进行苏木素-伊红染色观察肺组织病理变化;Westernblotting法检测白细胞介素（IL）-1β蛋白表达;实时荧光定量PCR（qRTPCR）法检测IL-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的mRNA表达。结果 槲皮素脂质体呈圆球状,粒径135nm,多分散系数0.260,电位（-4.28±0.66）mV。与模型组比较,槲皮素脂质体20mg·kg^-1能显著改善炎症引发的肺部结构变化,减轻免疫细胞浸润肺组织导致的肺泡壁增厚和肺泡结构紊乱,而槲皮素20mg·kg^-1没有表现出治疗效果;与模型组比较,槲皮素脂质体20mg·kg^-1可显著抑制肺组织成熟IL-1β蛋白表达（P＜0.01）,显著下调IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的mRNA表达（P＜0.01）,而槲皮素20mg·kg^-1不具有抑制作用。结论 脂质体制剂增强了槲皮素对小鼠肺部炎症的抑制作用,减轻了LPS引起的肺组织损伤。     

Purification and structural analysis of a novel polysaccharide from Rehmannia Radix Praeparata

In this paper, the purification, structure, and antioxidant activity of Rehmannia Radix Praeparata polysaccharide (RRPP) were studied. The RRPP was separated using DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100. The RRPP consisted of xylose, glucose, rhamnose, galactose, and mannose in ratios of 10.64:5.58:3.52:1.39:1.0. No protein was detected in the RRPP fraction, and the molecular weight of RRPP was about 1.75 × 10⁶ Da. The basic skeleton information was obtained using periodic acid oxidation—Smith degradation, and RRPP contained 1→, 1 → 2, 1 → 3, 1 → 4, 1 → 2,6, 1 → 4,6 or 1 → 6, 1 → 2,3, 1 → 2,3,4, and other glycosidic bonds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy also showed that RRPP has both α- and β-glycosidic bonds. The in vitro antioxidant activity test showed that RRPP could potentialize scavenging effect on ABTS^+· and its scavenging rate was 91.3%.     

中国大陆原发性高草酸尿症1型临床特点及诊治情况总结

目的探讨原发性高草酸尿症1型(PH1)的临床表现、治疗及预后。方法检索维普网、中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和Cochrane数据库中的相关文献,收集57例PH1患者的临床资料,对其临床表现、诊疗经过及预后情况进行分析。结果共纳入符合标准的文献35篇,共57例PH1患者,其中男39例,女18例,年龄0.2~57.0岁,发病年龄为出生后至42岁。57例PH1患者的临床症状表现特异性较低,肾结石41例,肾钙化和(或)肾钙质沉积21例,泌尿系统外草酸沉积12例,腰背腹痛12例,输尿管结石8例,此外尿量减少、代谢性酸中毒、水电解质紊乱、贫血、肉眼血尿等症状均有报道,有33例在诊断时已进入终末期肾病(ESRD)阶段。26例患者接受移植治疗,肾移植17例(2例因结石复发、恢复透析再次接受肝肾联合移植,1例恢复透析并再次接受肝移植),肝肾联合移植7例,肝移植2例,肝肾序贯移植3例。31例患者未接受移植治疗。接受移植治疗的患者与未接受移植治疗的患者存活率差异有统计学意义(85%比58%,P<0.05)。结论PH1的临床表现多样且缺乏特异性,发现时多已进入ESRD阶段,接受移植治疗较未接受移植治疗的患者预后更佳,应优先考虑预先肝移植或肝肾联合移植。     

培本固疏方对去势大鼠骨代谢及骨生物力学的影响

目的观察培本固疏方对去卵巢骨质疏松模型大鼠骨密度、骨生物力学及骨代谢指标的影响。方法将42只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(SHAM)、模型对照组(OVX)、中药低剂量组(D)、中药中剂量组(Z)、中药高剂量组(G)和西药组(X),通过切除大鼠双侧卵巢建立骨质疏松症模型,假手术组仅切除卵巢周围约1 g的脂肪组织。造模4周后进行药物干预,各组持续灌胃8周。计算子宫指数,测定股骨骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)及股骨生物力学弹性载荷、极限载荷、弹性模量等指标;采用ELISA法测定血清骨代谢指标TRACP5b、sRANKL、OPG及氧化应激指标MDA、AGEs的含量。结果与SHAM组比较,OVX组子宫指数、股骨近端和股骨中段BMD、弹性载荷、弹性模量均明显降低(P0. 05),OVX组血清MDA、AGEs含量明显升高(P0. 01),血清TRACP5b含量明显升高(P0. 01),而OPG、OPG/sRANKL比值下降(P0. 01);与OVX组相比,各治疗组子宫指数、骨强度均有所改善。Z组、G组及X组BMD均明显增高(P0. 05)。Z组、G组及X组TRACP5b含量下降(P0. 05)、OPG含量升高(P0. 05)、RANKL含量降低、OPG/sRANKL比值升高(P0. 05)。Z组、G组血清MDA、AGEs含量降低(P0. 05)。结论培本固疏方可以增加骨强度,通过OPG/RANKL/RANK通路来抑制破骨细胞形成,减缓骨基质吸收,抗氧化应激机制也可能参与其中,具体机制有待探讨。