砷对小鼠脂质过氧化和抗氧化能力的影响

采用动物实验方法,研究砷对小鼠各组织ＭＤＡ含量,ＳＯＤ活力及全血ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力的影响。结果显示：心脏的中、高剂量组ＭＤＡ水平显著高于对照组和低剂量组,而ＳＯＤ活力则是中、高剂量组显著低于对照组和低剂量组;肝脏的染毒组ＭＤＡ水平均显著高于对照组,而ＳＯＤ活力低剂量组显著高于其它３组,中、高剂量组显著低于对照组和低剂量组;肾脏中仅高剂量组ＭＤＡ水平显著高于对照组,而ＳＯＤ活力各组间无显著差异。全血中的ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力显著下降,并呈剂量－效应关系。表明,砷可促进机体脂质过氧化,抑制抗氧化酶（ＳＯＤ,ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）的活力。     

超声造影定量分析评价结直肠癌肝转移化疗的早期疗效

目的：探讨超声造影（CEUS）定量分析在结直肠癌肝转移辅以贝伐单抗联合细胞毒性化疗及仅细胞毒性化疗早期疗效评价中的应用价值。 方法：将28例结直肠癌肝转移患者分成贝伐单抗联合mFOLFOX6治疗组与mFOLFOX6治疗组,每组各14例。于第1~4次化疗前1 d行常规超声及CEUS,采用动态造影定量分析软件,记录患者肝脏病灶的各项定量参数,根据实体瘤疗效评价标准（RECIST）最终结果,分别比较两治疗组中有效患者与无效患者第1次化疗前1 d与第2次化疗前1 d病灶定量参数变化百分数的差异。 结果：贝伐单抗联合mFOLFOX6治疗组有效患者与无效患者病灶定量参数峰值强度（PI）变化百分数差异有统计学意义（P=0.03）,余参数差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;mFOLFOX6治疗组有效患者与无效患者病灶各参数变化百分数比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。 结论：CEUS定量参数PI对于结直肠癌肝转移贝伐单抗联合细胞毒性化疗早期疗效评价有一定应用价值。     

Longitudinal assessment of pigtailed macaque lower genital tract microbiota by pyrosequencing reveals dissimilarity to the genital microbiota of healthy humans

Abstract Vaginal bacterial communities play an important role in human health and have been shown to influence HIV infection. Pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) are used as an animal model of HIV vaginal infection of women. Since the bacterial microbiota could influence retrovirus infection of pigtailed macaques, the genital microbiota in 10 cycling macaques was determined by pyrosequencing. The microbiota of all macaques was polymicrobial with a median of 13 distinct genera. Strikingly, the genera Sneathia and Fusobacterium, both in the phylum Fusobacteria, accounted for 18.9% and 13.3% of sequences while the next most frequent were Prevotella (5.6%), Porphyromonas (4.1%), Atopobium (3.6%), and Parvimonas (2.6%). Sequences corresponding to Lactobacillus comprised only 2.2% of sequences on average and were essentially all L. amylovorus. Longitudinal sampling of the 10 macaques over an 8-week period, which spanned at least one full ovulatory cycle, showed a generally stable presence of the major types of bacteria with some exceptions. These studies show that the microbiota of the pigtailed macaques is substantially dissimilar to that found in most healthy humans, where the genital microbiota is usually dominated by Lactobacillus sp. The polymicrobial makeup of the macaque bacterial populations, the paucity of lactobacilli, and the specific types of bacteria present suggest that the pigtailed macaque microbiota could influence vaginal retrovirus infection.     

Ocular Dominance and Functional Asymmetry in Visual Attention Networks

PurposeThe dorsal attention network (DAN) and the ventral attention network (VAN) are known to support visual attention, but the influences of ocular dominance on the attention networks are unclear. We aimed to explore how visual cortical asymmetry of the attention networks correlate with neurophysiological oscillation and connectivity markers of attentional processes.MethodsAn oddball task with concentric circle stimuli of three different sizes (i.e., spot size of 5°, 20°, or 30° of visual angle) was used to vary task difficulty. Event-related oscillations and interareal communication were tested with an electroencephalogram-based visual evoked components as a function of ocular dominance in 30 healthy subjects.ResultsAccuracy rates were higher in the dominant eyes compared with the nondominant eyes. Compared with the nondominant eyes, the dominant eyes had higher theta, low-alpha, and low-beta powers and lower high-alpha powers within the nodes of VAN and DAN. Furthermore, visual information processed by the dominant and nondominant eye had different fates, that is, the dominant eyes mainly relied on theta and low-alpha connectivity within both the VAN and the DAN, whereas the nondominant eyes mainly relied on theta connectivity within the VAN and high-alpha connectivity within the DAN. The difference in accuracy rate between the two eyes was correlated with the low-alpha oscillations in the anterior DAN area and low-alpha connectivity of the left DAN.ConclusionsThe ocular dominance processing and interareal communication reveal a cortical asymmetry underlying attention, and this reflects a two-way modulatory mechanism within attention networks in the human brain.     

The Expression Changes of Cystathionine-β-synthase in Brain Cortex After Traumatic Brain Injury

Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) catalyzes the condensation of serine with homocysteine to form cystathionine and occupies a crucial regulatory position between the methionine cycle and the biosynthesis of cysteine by transsulfuration. It was reported that CBS was a novel marker of both differentiation and proliferation for certain cell types, suggesting that CBS represents a survival-promoting protein. However, its expression and function in the central nervous system lesion are not well understood. To investigate changes of CBS after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its possible role, mice TBI model was established by controlled cortical impact system, and the expression and cellular localization of CBS after TBI was investigated in the present study. Western blot analysis revealed that CBS was present in normal mice brain cortex. It gradually decreased, reached a valley at the third day after TBI, and then restored to basal level. Importantly, more CBS was colocalized with neuron. In addition, Western blot detection showed that the third day postinjury was also the apoptosis peak indicated by the elevated expression of caspase-3. Importantly, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that injury-induced expression of CBS was colabeled by Bcl-2 and had no co-localization with caspase-3. These data suggested that CBS may be implicated in the apoptosis of neuron and involved in the pathophysiology of brain after TBI.     

责任动脉闭塞与夹层相关缺血性卒中复发的相关性分析

目的 寻找脑动脉夹层相关卒中复发的高风险影像学特征,探讨责任动脉闭塞与其复发的关系。方法 前瞻性连续性纳入2018年1月-2022年2月在郑州大学第一附属医院住院的首发脑动脉夹层相关卒中患者,通过MRI、MRA、CTA、HR-MRI及DSA等影像学方法评估血管闭塞、长节段夹层等影像学特征,长期随访其复发情况。通过单因素、多因素COX回归分析其复发的影响因素,构建Kaplan-Meier生存曲线评估血管闭塞与脑动脉夹层相关卒中复发的关系。结果 共纳入107例脑动脉夹层相关卒中患者,有10例（9.3%）患者复发。单因素及多因素COX回归分析提示,责任动脉闭塞是脑动脉夹层相关卒中复发患者预后不良的独立预测因子（HR 6.150,95%CI 1.227～30.810,P=0.027）,出血转化也与脑动脉夹层相关卒中复发显著相关（HR 12.605,95%CI 2.373～66.949,P=0.003）。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线提示,闭塞组与非闭塞组卒中复发率差异具有统计学意义（Log-rank P=0.001）。结论 责任动脉闭塞是脑动脉夹层相关卒中复发的危险因素,需要大样本研究进一步验证本研究结果,为二级预防提供更精准的帮助。     

依那西普联合来氟米特治疗脊柱关节病的疗效观察

目的观察依那西普联合来氟米特在治疗脊柱关节病(SpA)中的疗效及安全性。方法 21例SpA患者接受依那西普50 mg/周+来氟米特20 mg/d联合治疗,所有入组病人每10 d记录一次疼痛目视模拟测试表(VAS),患者及医生对患者健康状况的总体评估,检测强直性脊柱炎活动指数(BASDAI)和功能指数(BASFI)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉及血尿常规、肝肾功能及安全性指标。结果 21例入组病人在疼痛目视模拟测试表(VAS),患者及医生对患者健康状况的总体评估,BASDAI、BASFI、C-反应蛋白、血沉,显示出显著改善。安全性方面,注射部位反应6/21(其中1例出现局部结节红斑,直径超过50mm),头痛2/21,上呼吸道感染3/21例,腔隙性脑梗死1/21(因怀疑可能与应用依那西普有关,该例病人在应用1周后退出观察),血液系统改变中有6/21例,出现淋巴细胞的轻度升高,肝功轻度异常4/21例,所有患者均未出现肾功方面的不良反应。结论依那西普联合来氟米特在脊柱关节病治疗中,10周时症状迅速得到控制,无严重的不良反应,并且是安全的。     

Next-generation sequencing-based identification of EGFR and NOTCH2 complementary mutations in non-small cell lung cancer

Although targeted therapy has emerged as an effective treatment strategy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), some patients cannot benefit from such therapy due to the limited number of therapeutic targets. The present study aimed to identify mutated genes associated with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis and to screen for mutations that are not concurrent with applicable drug target sites in patients with NSCLC. Tumor tissue and blood samples were obtained from 97 patients with NSCLC. A lung cancer-specific panel of 55 genes was established and analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results obtained from the clinical cohort were compared with the NSCLC dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Subsequently, 25 driver genes were identified by taking the intersection of the 55 lung-cancer-specific genes with three databases, namely, the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer database, the Network of Cancer Genes database and Vogelstein''s list. Functional annotation and protein-protein interaction analysis were conducted on these 25 driver genes. The χ² test and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between mutations in the 25 driver genes and the clinicopathological characteristics of 97 patients, and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) were associated with stage at diagnosis and sex, respectively, while epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was associated with sex, stage at diagnosis, metastasis, CEA and CYFRA21-1. Moreover, the association between the 25 driver gene mutations and overall survival were examined using Cox regression analysis. Age and Notch homolog 2 (NOTCH2) mutations were independent prognostic factors in TCGA dataset. The correlations between statistically significant mutations in EGFR, KRAS, PTEN and NOTCH2 were further examined, both in the clinical data and TCGA dataset. There was a negative correlation between EGFR and NOTCH2 mutations (correlation coefficient, −0.078; P=0.027). Thus, the present study highlights the importance of NOTCH2 mutations and might provide novel therapeutic options for patients with NSCLC who do not harbor EGFR mutations.     

骨髓增殖性肿瘤治疗进展:第56届美国血液学会年会报道

近年对bcr-abl阴性的骨髓增殖性肿瘤的发病机制、诊断、风险分层及治疗等方面的研究取得了长足进展,文章就2014年第56届美国血液学会(ASH)年会上关于bcr-abl阴性的骨髓增殖性肿瘤治疗进展等内容作一介绍.