正畸前拔牙对髁突位置影响的X线头影测量研究

目的 了解正畸治疗前拔牙与未拔牙病例治疗前后髁突位置相对于颅底位置的变化情况。方法 利用张口型头颅定位侧位片与正中咬合头颅定位侧位片相结合的方法，对120例（拔牙86例，未拔牙34例）的正畸治疗病例进行头影测量研究。结果 拔牙组病例中，治疗后髁突的位置相对于颅底的位置有向下向后移位的趋势，而未拔牙组病例中，治疗后髁突的位置相对于颅底的位置有向下向前移位的趋势，但两组之间的差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论 本研究的结果尚未能证明正畸治疗前拔牙对髁突相对于颅底位置有影响。     

双生子颅面软硬组织侧貌形态学分析

[目的]通过头影测量的方法,比较同卵双生子间颌骨、牙齿、软组织的差异,初步探讨遗传因素对双生子颌面部软硬组织的影响.[方法]12对同卵双生子在正畸治疗前,每对同期拍摄X线头颅定位侧位片.采用计算机头影测量软件进行软硬组织的定位和测量分析.按Wylie,Jarabak及Steiner等方法进行骨骼和牙齿38个参数测量,按Holdaway等方法进行软组织14个参数测量分析.[结果](1)双生子中颅部及相邻结构存在不一致性前颅底长及全颅长均有显著性差异,提示遗传因素对颅底长度影响较小;(2)双生子中上下颌骨间关系,前后面高度及软组织间无差异,提示遗传因素对颌骨的生长和软组织侧貌起重要作用;(3)双生子中牙-牙槽骨间,只有UI-NA距离一项指标存在显著性差异,提示遗传因素可能起重要作用,同时环境因素也影响上颌切牙的位置. [结论](1)遗传因素对双生子颅部及颌面部软硬组织影响较大,导致双生子面部外形相似程度极高;(2)颅底长度可能受遗传因素影响小;(3)上颌切牙的位置同时受遗传和环境因素的共同影响.     

固定矫治对错(牙合)患者口腔健康相关生活质量的影响

Objective To assess oral health-related quality of life in patients with fixed appliances.Methods Orthodontic patients were asked to complete the scale of general conditions(Chinese version,questionnaire 1)and oral health impact profile(OHIP)-14(Chinese version,questionnaire 2).Baseline data were collected at first visit and thereafter.The subjects finished questionnaire 2 at the 1st week,4th week,12th week and 24th week,respectively,after the fixed appliance was bonded.Data were analyzed to evaluate the various sample groups with different personal information and clinical parameters.Results were collated and analyzed using software package SPSS version 15.0.Results The most common negative effect was physical pain[55/222(27.8%)]and psychological discomfort[40/222(18.0%)],mainly in the first month.The total scores at five time points were 3,10,7,5 and 4,respectively.No difference was found in quality of life in patients between sixth month with fixed appliance and without appliance(P＞0.05).Age and education status affected the quality of life(P＜0.001).Conclusions Fixed orthodontic appliance therapy affected patients' oral health-related quality of life during treatment.The quality of life in the first month of treatment was mostly compromised and was improved later.     

正畸治疗中不同治疗时间对支抗牙根吸收影响的临床研究

目的 :探讨不同的治疗时间在正畸治疗中对支抗牙根吸收的影响。方法 :选用 160例经方丝弓矫治器固定矫治治疗的病人 ,分为长期组和短期组两组 ,每组病人治疗前后分别拍摄头颅侧位定位片 ,配对测量正畸治疗前后支抗牙根长度 ,将牙根长度改变量进行统计分析 ,并评价牙根吸收情况。结果 :长期组和短期组正畸治疗前后支抗牙根长度改变有统计学意义 (P <0 0 0 1)。但两组之间不同的吸收量除了上前牙支抗组有统计学意义 (P <0 1)外 ,其余各组均没有统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :在正畸治疗中不同治疗时间对前后支抗牙根吸收的影响有一定的差异     

三维CT重建在口腔正畸中的应用

三维CT目前在临床上得到了广泛应用。与传统CT扫描比较其能显示三维解剖结构,精确测量距离与表面积、体积,尤其可进行模拟外科手术,在骨科、口腔正畸科、整形外科及以牙种植,正颌外科得到了广泛应用。本文就三维CT在口腔正畸中的应用作一综述。     

固定矫治对错(牙合)患者口腔健康相关生活质量的影响

Objective To assess oral health-related quality of life in patients with fixed appliances.Methods Orthodontic patients were asked to complete the scale of general conditions(Chinese version,questionnaire 1)and oral health impact profile(OHIP)-14(Chinese version,questionnaire 2).Baseline data were collected at first visit and thereafter.The subjects finished questionnaire 2 at the 1st week,4th week,12th week and 24th week,respectively,after the fixed appliance was bonded.Data were analyzed to evaluate the various sample groups with different personal information and clinical parameters.Results were collated and analyzed using software package SPSS version 15.0.Results The most common negative effect was physical pain[55/222(27.8%)]and psychological discomfort[40/222(18.0%)],mainly in the first month.The total scores at five time points were 3,10,7,5 and 4,respectively.No difference was found in quality of life in patients between sixth month with fixed appliance and without appliance(P＞0.05).Age and education status affected the quality of life(P＜0.001).Conclusions Fixed orthodontic appliance therapy affected patients' oral health-related quality of life during treatment.The quality of life in the first month of treatment was mostly compromised and was improved later.     

上下颌同步牵张成骨治疗半侧颜面萎缩畸形

目的探讨上下颌骨同步牵张成骨矫正半侧颜面萎缩畸形的临床效果。方法半侧颜面萎缩患者3例，男2例，女1例，年龄14～19岁。临床及X线检查见一侧上下颌骨明显萎缩伴同侧软组织萎缩，[牙合]平面严重偏斜。患者萎缩侧上下颌骨同期行牵张器植入术并同步牵张成骨，于牵张成骨结束后6～8个月行背阔肌瓣软组织充填术。结果萎缩侧上下颌骨平均牵张20mm。颜面软硬组织得到明显改善，面颊部丰满，[牙合]平面矫正，咬合关系良好。随访1～4年，患侧新骨和软组织无明显吸收，面部基本对称。结论矫正半侧颜面萎缩时，同侧上下颌骨同步牵张成骨是延长萎缩的上下颌骨，改善[牙合]平面并为软组织充填提供支撑的有效治疗方法。     

舌侧自锁托槽矫治技术的研究进展

舌侧自锁托槽矫治技术是将自锁托槽应用于舌侧正畸的一种全新的矫治方法.该技术兼容了自锁托槽和舌侧矫治2项技术,既拥有自锁托槽固有的低摩擦力、短矫治疗程和节省门诊椅旁操作时间等优势又同时具备舌侧矫治"隐形矫正"的美观性.因此,舌侧自锁托槽矫治技术具有其他矫治技术所不具备的优点,其先进性不言而喻,必定会在将来的正畸界占有一席之地.本文就舌侧自锁托槽矫治技术的研究进展作一综述.     

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正畸治疗要为患者塑造美丽的笑容,对于微笑的评估和设计是很重要的,但是在临床检查中正畸医生经常忽略了微笑分析。本文综述了影响微笑美的主要因素,探讨了其在正畸诊断、矫治设计及治疗中的重要性。