自体游离复合真皮脂肪瓣在面部软组织缺损中的应用

目的 :介绍自体游离复合真皮脂肪瓣在面部软组织缺损及面部整形美容中的应用和 7例临床疗效观察。方法 :根据患者面部软组织缺损程度 ,选择自体游离真皮脂肪或真皮脂肪筋膜进行一次性面部衬里填充 ,以达到恢复面部正常形态及面部美容效果。结果 :1997年以来共收治 7例不同程度面部软组织缺损与面部美容患者 ,均获得良好临床美学效果 ,并无明显脂肪坏死吸收现象和并发症发生。结论 :自体游离复合真皮脂肪瓣应用于血运丰富的面部 ,其临床疗效及形态可塑性和组织相融性等方面均优于其它人工生物化学填充物 ,且不会出现组织排异反应等并发症 ,应于推广使用     

带蒂联合皮瓣移植修复上肢广泛软组织缺损

目的 探讨上肢广泛软组织缺损皮瓣修复方法的选择.方法 12例肘部、前臂及腕掌部高压电烧伤、热压伤及碾压伤患者,清创后4例应用背阔肌肌皮瓣与髂腰部皮瓣联合修复,将背阔肌肌皮瓣部分形成岛状,胸背血管蒂通过腋窝,上臂内侧皮下,髂腰部皮瓣部分以旋髂浅血管为蒂,皮瓣的蒂部形成皮管,位于腹股沟处,3周后再行断蒂;2例背阔肌肌皮瓣与侧胸皮瓣联合,将胸背动静脉游离出置于侧胸皮瓣内后形成皮管.蒂部位于侧胸上部;6例以巨大胸腹部联合皮瓣带蒂转移修复,以脐旁血管及肋间血管外侧皮支为轴,形成巨大皮瓣包绕前臂环形创面.结果 1例皮瓣远端局限坏死2 cm及皮瓣下感染,余全部成活,效果满意.结论 上肢创伤广泛软组织缺损,早期清创,应用带蒂联合皮瓣、肌皮瓣修复是一种简单、安全、可靠的方法.     

89例下肢瘢痕癌的诊治体会

目的：总结下肢瘢痕癌的临床特点及其诊治方法。方法：回顾性分析中南大学湘雅医院烧伤重建外科 1998年1月至2017年12月收治的89例下肢瘢痕癌患者的临床资料,包括人口统计学、致伤因素、癌变潜伏期、病变部 位、溃疡面积、病理类型、骨质侵犯、淋巴结转移情况、手术方式、修复方法与预后等。结果：89例下肢瘢痕癌患 者中,男70例,女19例;最常见致伤因素依次为火焰烧伤(42例)、创伤(19例)、烫伤(12例)。病变最常见于小腿(31 例),其次为大腿(11例)、足跟(11例);溃疡面积为1.5~600.0 cm2 。其中鳞状细胞癌80例、疣状癌8例、肉瘤1例。术前 发现腹股沟淋巴结肿大78例,行腹股沟淋巴结清扫49例,单纯淋巴结活检、切除29例;9例发现淋巴结转移,8例有 骨质侵犯;24例行截肢术,53例行病灶扩大切除皮片移植术,12例行病灶扩大切除皮瓣修复术。65例得到随访,8例 出现复发,其中截肢者2例,扩大切除者6例,且肿瘤复发与手术方式无关(P>0.05)。结论：下肢瘢痕癌复发转移率较 高,需早期发现、早期诊断,应尽早手术治疗并定期随访;腹股沟淋巴结肿大较常见,需行淋巴结活检、切除或清 扫;局部扩大切除、植皮或皮瓣修复是其主要治疗方法,但癌肿较大、侵犯较深且下肢瘢痕广泛、畸形严重者可考 虑截肢。     

固体硅胶隆鼻术后假体外露16例分析

分析固体硅胶隆鼻术后假体外露原因，探讨其防治办法为此分析总结了近8年16例固体硅胶隆鼻术后假体外露结果表明为避免固体硅胶隆鼻术后假体外露，手术者应认真雕塑好假体、术中掌握好假体置入层次；受术者术后面部皮肤护理鼻部按摩可致假体下移外露；术后一旦出现明显局部反应，立即取出假体，避免穿破皮肤，防止瘢痕发生     

游离背阔肌肌皮瓣修复儿童足背软组织严重缺损六例

2007年2月至2007年8月,我们收治6例因车祸致足背软组织严重缺损的儿童患者,由于损伤重、缺损面积大,采用游离背阔肌肌皮瓣另加皮片移植修复,获得良好效果.     

额部皮瓣和上臂皮瓣移植修复鼻缺损

目的:观察额部扩张皮瓣和上臂带蒂皮瓣在鼻缺损修复中的应用效果。方法:选择1990-09/2005-09中南大学湘雅医院整形烧伤整形外科收治的鼻缺损患者24例,均知情同意。采用额部扩张皮瓣修复12例,主要为全鼻缺损和鼻大部分缺损;上臂带蒂皮瓣修复12例,主要为鼻下段鼻翼、鼻小柱缺损,其中一期皮管成形同时转移修复较小范围鼻下段鼻翼、鼻小柱缺损4例。术后定期随访,观察皮瓣成活情况、鼻修复后外形、鼻部皮肤颜色与质地及供区瘢痕情况。结果:鼻缺损患者24例全部进入结果分析,无脱落。随访3个月至两年,其中3-6个月8例,6个月至1年10例,1-2年6例。皮瓣全部成活,修复效果基本满意。额部扩张皮瓣修复者鼻部质地、颜色优于上臂带蒂皮瓣,上臂带蒂皮瓣修复者供区瘢痕较隐蔽。结论:额部扩张皮瓣和上臂带蒂皮瓣对鼻缺损患者的修复效果基本满意。     

金黄色葡萄球菌侵袭烫伤家兔致淋巴细胞蛋白质组的变化

Objective To study the proteomic change in Iymphocytes of rabbits with scald injury and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) invasion. Methods Twenty-four rabbits were divided into four groups as follows: control group, scald group, scald with SA invasion 2 hs group, and scald with SA invasion 6 hs group, according to random number table, with 6 rabbits in each group. Except for rabbits in control group (sham scald at 37 ℃ ) , rabbits in the other 3 groups were subjected to 30% TBSA full-thickness scald. Rabbits in SA invasion 2 and 6 hs groups were injected with 2 mL (1.0×108 CFU/mL) SA suspension, which was in the log growth phase, via auricle vein 18 hs and 22 hs after injury. Whole blood samples were collected from carotid artery of rabbits in 4 groups 24 hs after scald. Lymphocytes were isolated and its ex-tracted proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectroscopy. Re-suits About 1030 protein spots of lymphocytes were detected in each group. Compared with that of control group, 19 protein spots were found to be differentially expressed in the other 3 groups, and 11 spots (10 pro-teins) were identified. Expression levels of cofilin, cyclophilin A, ubiquitin, nucleoside diphosphate ki-nase, glutamate dehydrogenase and annexin 1 were down-regulated, but expression level of peroxiredoxin was up-regulated obviously. Conclusions There is obvious proteornic change in lymphocytes of scalded rabbits or of scalded rabbits invaded by SA, and it may relate to immune suppression and sepsis after injury.     

金黄色葡萄球菌侵袭烫伤家兔致淋巴细胞蛋白质组的变化

Objective To study the proteomic change in Iymphocytes of rabbits with scald injury and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) invasion. Methods Twenty-four rabbits were divided into four groups as follows: control group, scald group, scald with SA invasion 2 hs group, and scald with SA invasion 6 hs group, according to random number table, with 6 rabbits in each group. Except for rabbits in control group (sham scald at 37 ℃ ) , rabbits in the other 3 groups were subjected to 30% TBSA full-thickness scald. Rabbits in SA invasion 2 and 6 hs groups were injected with 2 mL (1.0×108 CFU/mL) SA suspension, which was in the log growth phase, via auricle vein 18 hs and 22 hs after injury. Whole blood samples were collected from carotid artery of rabbits in 4 groups 24 hs after scald. Lymphocytes were isolated and its ex-tracted proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectroscopy. Re-suits About 1030 protein spots of lymphocytes were detected in each group. Compared with that of control group, 19 protein spots were found to be differentially expressed in the other 3 groups, and 11 spots (10 pro-teins) were identified. Expression levels of cofilin, cyclophilin A, ubiquitin, nucleoside diphosphate ki-nase, glutamate dehydrogenase and annexin 1 were down-regulated, but expression level of peroxiredoxin was up-regulated obviously. Conclusions There is obvious proteornic change in lymphocytes of scalded rabbits or of scalded rabbits invaded by SA, and it may relate to immune suppression and sepsis after injury.     

罕见的大腿筋膜挛缩一例

病例介绍　患者女 ,16岁。因左大腿软组织凹陷伴紧缩感 14年入院。患者自 2岁时即被发现左大腿有一斜形皮肤凹陷 ,逐渐出现左大腿斜向紧缩感 ,行走时有牵扯 ,稍跛行。无外伤和感染史。患者足月顺产 ,母亲怀孕时无服用避孕药及上避孕环史 ,家族中无类似病史。检查 :左大腿可见斜形4 5cm× 3cm软组织低凹带 ,外上方达髂前上棘 ,内下方接近股骨内上髁 ,皮肤弹性差、质地稍硬 ,下方似可扪及一硬索带 ,与皮肤粘连紧 ,髋关节后伸、膝关节伸直位时皮肤凹陷加深 ,测量左下肢较对侧短 2 5cm(图 1)。术中见局部皮下脂肪少 ,筋膜层可见 4 5cm× 6cm硬…     

复方乳酸钠山梨醇注射液在大面积烧伤患者休克期补液中的应用

目的探讨复方乳酸钠山梨醇注射液(简称复钠醇)在大面积烧伤患者休克期补液中应用的可行性。方法将53例成年大面积烧伤休克期患者(均于伤后6h内入院)随机分为复钠醇组(24例)和葡萄糖组(29例)。复钠醇组在补液中用50g/L复钠醇作为基础水分,葡萄糖组用50g/L葡萄糖作为基础水分。剂量均为2000ml/d.两组患者复苏液中电解质和胶体量按相同公式计算后补给。同时,对葡萄糖组患者额外补充电解质及胰岛素。观察两组患者在纠正休克、能量提供及不良反应等方面的情况,监测肝、肾功能和电解质变化,记录休克期补液量及尿量,同时监测每例患者在入院时和伤后24、48、72h的血糖水平并作比较。结果两组患者在纠正休克、能量提供等方面无明显差别,复钠醇组患者未出现与复钠醇相关的不良反应及肝、肾功能损害,血糖水平均基本正常;在输液过程中,葡萄糖组需额外补充电解质及胰岛素才能维持稳定,而复钠醇组则不需要补充胰岛素或大量的电解质,且利尿效果优于葡萄糖组[复钠醇组伤后第1、2个24h平均尿量为(1.9±0.6)、(3.3±0.8)L,葡萄糖组为(1.0±0.5)、(2.3±0.8)L].结论大面积烧伤患者休克期应用复钠醇,可以有效补充血容量、纠正烧伤休克、利尿并促进水肿消退,同时既能补充电解质,又能提供部分能量,而且不影响血糖水平。