A pharmacokinetic comparison of the corn oil versus microemulsion gelcap formulation of cyclosporin used de novo after renal transplantation

The initial poor absorption of the corn oil-based, gel capsule oral formulation of cyclosporin (CyA) greatly limits its use for inception of immunosuppressive therapy. Insufficient drug concentrations during the early post-transplant period predispose to renal allograft rejection. The present study served to compare the time required to achieve therapeutic CyA concentrations after de novo administration of the corn oil-based gel capsule (CyA-GC; n = 11) versus the microemulsion (CyA-ME; n = 11) formulation of CyA. During the 1st month after renal transplantation, patients underwent serial pharmacokinetic profiling from which we obtained observed and dose-corrected values of several parameters. Although patients in neither the CyA-GC nor the CyA-ME group adequately absorbed the drug during days 0–2, from day 3 to 4 patients in the CyA-ME group showed significantly greater absorption than those in the CyA-GC group (P = 0.041). Patients in the CyA-ME group reached the 1st month target average concentration (C_av) values ( ≥ 550 ng/ml) earlier than those in the CyA-GC group and required significantly lower daily CyA doses (P = 0.018). We conclude that therapeutic CyA levels can be achieved more rapidly and with lower doses of the drug after de novo administration of CyA-ME than with CyA-GC. Received: 13 September 1996 Accepted: 7 January 1997     

再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液的流变性能

使用N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物的水合物(NMMO·H2O)作为再生丝素的溶剂.可以得到w=0.10～0.25的再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液.研究了再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液流变性能,讨论了剪切速率、温度和溶液中的再生丝素的含量对再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液流变性能的影响.     

光催化剂对病房空气中细菌的作用

为了解光催化剂对病房空气中细菌消除效果 ,用平板沉降法采样进行了实际观察。结果 ,将 3盆涂抹有光催化剂的绢花放于可见光照的病房内 (2 3m3 ) ,4 8h后空气中自然菌菌数平均下降率为 2 5 .2 4 % ;12 0h后 ,平均下降率为 5 8.95 %。停止使用光催化剂之后 ,空气中细菌数恢复到原来水平。 15个病房内放置含光催化剂绢花 ,4 8h后有 6个病房无效 ,放置 12 0h后仍有 4个病房无效。结论 ,光催化剂对病房空气中细菌消除效果达不到卫生要求 ,只有部分房间显示出一定消除效果。     

微导管真丝线段血管内栓塞治疗脑动静脉畸形（附7例报告）

应用国产真丝线段行血管内栓塞治疗７例脑动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ）。结果：１例术中畸形血管破裂出血死亡，１例出现半身麻木，肢体轻瘫，经治疗短期内恢复。余病例症状明显缓解或消失。此栓塞材料为永久性，较安全，效果好，并发症少。     

可控性丝线留置术治疗体表难治性海绵状静脉畸形的实验及临床研究

目的研究可控性丝线的致栓效果及其治疗体表难治性海绵状静脉畸形的初步疗效。方法将丝线一端留置于不同管腔大小的静脉内,另一端挂于血管壁埋于皮下,实现其可控性,用经过不同处置的丝线,分别留置于兔耳缘静脉、股静脉,观察其引起血管栓塞的效果。选择致栓效果较好的丝线组,用于临床治疗难治性体表海绵状静脉畸形的患者。结果几种经不同处置的丝线,均能不同程度地起到闭塞血管的作用,对于管腔稍大,血流较快的静脉(兔股静脉),浸泡丝裂霉素并打结的丝线组,致栓效果最好;临床初步应用证实,可控性丝线治疗体表难治性静脉畸形,安全有效。结论可控性丝线静脉内留置术,是一种安全、有效、损伤小、操作简便的治疗体表难治性海绵状静脉畸形的新方法。     

骨髓间充质干细胞在丝素蛋白/骨形态发生蛋白中的生物学行为观察

目的 观察丝素蛋白与牛骨形态发生蛋白的载体系统与骨髓间充质干细胞的体外相容性.方法 将多孔丝素蛋白修剪成20×10×5 mm长方体状物,置入6孔板中;将粉状bBMP用PBS液溶解制成2mg/ml混悬液,0.5ml无菌移液管滴定于多孔丝素蛋白上(0.5毫升/个).骨髓间充质干细胞以107/ml接种到载体系统上,复合4小时后加入生长液继续体外培养,每1、4、8天时进行碱性磷酸酶、矿化结节染色观察以及扫描电镜和激光共聚焦显微镜观察;另外同时设立单纯丝素蛋白与细胞复合培养对照组进行观察.结果 倒置显微镜、扫描电镜和共聚焦显微镜下观察到细胞在两种材料上生长形态、活性正常,体外培养24小时时细胞已贴附材料上,呈匍匐状伸展,以后逐渐融合生长,8天时大量细胞成片状攀附在材料表面,并分泌有大量的网状细胞外基质,实验组可见结节状基质生成;碱性磷酸酶、矿化结节染色观察发现实验组细胞碱性磷酸酶和矿化结节染色阳性反应,对照组阴性.结论 丝素蛋白是一种良好细胞外基质材料,也是一种良好生长因子的缓释载体.     

Inhibition of IgE formation in mice by glycoproteins from corn silk

The inhibitory effects of glycoproteins separated from a hot water extract of corn silk (U-CSE) on the formation of IgE antibodies after primarily and secondarily challenged responses with dinitrophenyl (DNP)-ovalbumin (OVA) antigen in mice were investigated using the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test. When U-CSE was given intranasally or intraperitoneally the day before primary immunization, IgE antibody production was strongly inhibited. Furthermore, it was found that new formation of IgE antibodies was readily inhibited by U-CSE administration in mice with high levels of IgE after primary immunization. It was also found that U-CSE markedly suppressed IgE antibody formation in secondarily challenged responses with the antigen. U-CSE may be clinically applicable to type I allergic diseases.     

即食海蜇丝生产新工艺

在海蛰深加工中,采用热杀菌,当温度达到50℃以上时,海蛰就会变曲;采用紫外线杀菌,在高湿(60%以上)的环境中,杀菌效果急剧下降;采用化学药剂杀菌,又易引起药剂残留.通过对海蛰丝加工过程中采用臭氧水杀菌工艺的研究,克服了杀菌工艺的缺点和不足,为海蛰产品深加工提供了新的杀菌方法.     

丝线固定法修复髌骨骨折124例远期疗效观察

目的评价应用粗丝线固定法修复髌骨骨折的远期疗效。方法1986年9月～1996年2月采用粗丝线固定法修复髌骨骨折124例,其中横行骨折88例,粉碎性骨折36例。对横行骨折行上下折块纵行钻孔,穿双根10号粗丝线;对粉碎性骨折先将较大骨折块纵行钻孔,穿双根10号粗丝线结扎固定,再用单根10号粗丝线沿髌骨外缘做双半环缝合,对合好小骨折块,保持髌骨平整。术后伸膝位石膏托固定3～4周后,开始膝关节功能锻炼。结果本组病例随访1～3年,平均2.4年。骨折愈合时间为3～6个月,平均4.2个月;其中横行骨折愈合时间平均为3.4个月,粉碎性骨折为5.6个月。膝关节功能恢复,优90例,良26例,可8例,差无;优良率93.5%。有18例出现髌骨轻度增大、创伤性关节炎及关节疼痛。无一例发生关节感染及骨折断端裂开的并发症。结论丝线固定法修复髌骨骨折,手术操作简便,力量可靠,能理想地恢复髌骨的完整及关节面的平滑,又能避免各种金属置入物内固定修复髌骨产生的并发症,且无需二次手术取出内固定物,尤其适用于粉碎性骨折,但术后需石膏固定,不能早期活动是其缺点。