黄花蒿幼嫩叶的化学成分

目的研究黄花蒿(Artemisia annuaL.)全草的化学成分。方法用硅胶、聚酰胺和SephadexLH-20柱色谱分离化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果从黄花蒿全草的乙醇提取物中分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为:青蒿素(artemisinin,1)、青蒿乙素(arteannuin B,2)、3α-羟基-1-去氧青蒿素(3α-hydroxy-1-deoxyartemisinin,3)、青蒿酸(artemisinic acid,4)、artemetin(5)、猫眼草黄素(chrysosplenetin,6)、quercetagetin-3,7,3′,4′-tetramethyl ether(7)、猫眼草酚(chrysosplenol D,8)、水杨酸(salicylic acid,9)、domesticoside(10)、东莨菪苷(scopolin,11)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,12)、胡萝卜苷(daucostrol,13)。结论化合物1-4为同一类化合物,属倍半萜类,化合物5-8为具有多甲氧基取代的黄酮类化合物,化合物10为首次从菊科植物中分离得到。  

Induction of G2/M arrest and apoptosis by sesquiterpene lactones in human melanoma cell lines

Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive tumor which frequently resists chemotherapy, therefore, the search for new agents for its treatment is of great importance. In this study, we purified the sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), Tomentosin and Inuviscolide from Inula viscosa (Compositae) leaves and studied their anti-cancer potency against human melanoma cell lines in order to develop new agents for melanoma treatment. SLs inhibited the proliferation of three human melanoma cell lines: SK-28, 624 mel and 1363 mel in a dose-dependent manner. We further investigated SLs mechanism of action using SK-28 as a representative cell line model. SLs caused cell-cycle arrest at G(2)/M, accompanied by the appearance of a sub-G0 fraction, indicative of apoptotic cell death. Induction of apoptosis was further confirmed by changes in membrane phospholipids, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi) and by detection of Caspase-3 activity. Rapid inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc2 (Thr14 and Tyr15) was seen early after treatment, followed by a later decrease in the expression level of both Cyclin b1 and Cdc2. Induction of p53 and p21(waf1) proteins and phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 were also detected early after treatment. The anti-apoptotic proteins, p65 subunit of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), and Survivin were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these changes partially explain the ability of the SLs to induce G(2)/M arrest and apoptosis. Induction of apoptosis by Tomentosin and Inuviscolide in human aggressive melanoma cell lines has high pharmacological value and implies that SLs might be developed as new agents for melanoma treatment.  

温郁金挥发油的化学成分

目的对温郁金(Curcuma wenyujin)挥发油的化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、正反相MPLC及HPLC等进行分离纯化,通过波谱分析鉴定其结构。结果从温郁金挥发油中分离得到10个化合物,鉴定为莪术醇(1)、莪术二酮(2)、(4S,5S)-germacrone-4,5-epoxide(3)、germa-crone-1,10-epoxide(4)、新莪术二酮(5)、(5R,6R,7αR)-5-isopropenyl-3,6-dimethyl-6-vinyl-5,6,7α-tetrahydro-4H-enzofuran-2-one(6)、hydroxyisogermafurenolide(7)、(5R,6R,7aS)-5-isopropenyl-3,6-dimethyl-6-vinyl-5,6,7,7-αtetrahydro-4-Hbenzo-furan-2-one(8)、脱-氢1,8-桉叶素(9)、p-menth-2-ene-1,8-diol(10)。并通过核磁共振手段对其碳氢信号进行了全归属。结论化合物6、7为新的天然产物;化合物4、8、10为首次从该属植物中分离得到;化合物4、6、7、8、10为首次从该种植物中分离得到。  

A new triterpenoid from Entodon okamurae Broth

One new triterpenoid, entokamurol (1), was isolated from Entodon okamurae Broth, together with other nine compounds, namely dryocrassol (2), chrysophamol (3), physcion (4), 10-nonacosamnol (5), n-hexadecanol (6), phthalic acid isodibutyl ester (7), curcumol (8), β-sitosterol (9) and daucosterol (10). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive NMR (DEPT, DQF-COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY), IR and MS studies. All the compounds were isolated and identified from the genus of Entodon for the first time, and it is also the first report of a guaiane-type sesquiterpenoid and compounds with anthraquinone skeleton in mosses.  

肿节风倍半萜类化学成分研究

为了研究肿节风全草中倍半萜类化学成分,利用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱及制备液相色谱等分离技术从肿节风70%乙醇提取物的正丁醇和乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离得到4个倍半萜内酯类成分,根据化合物的光谱数据分别鉴定为4α-hydroxy-5αH-lindan-8(9)-en-8,12-olide(1)、chloranthalactone E(2)、8β,9α-dihydroxylindan-(5),7(1)-ieb-8α,12-olide(3)和chloranoside A(4)。其中化合物1为新化合物。  

Two new norbisabolane sesquiterpenoid glycosides from Glochidion coccineum

Two new norbisabolane sesquiterpenoid glycosides, glochicoccinosides A (1) and B (2), together with two known compounds, have been isolated from the rhizomes of Glochidion coccineum. Their structures were elucidated by the combination of 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and MS spectral analysis, as well as chemical evidence. Cytotoxic activities and the antioxidant effect of these compounds were evaluated, but none of them showed activity.  

用分子轨道法对倍半萜类抗癌剂构效关系的研究

本文列举35种倍半萜类抗癌剂的结构和活性,从中归纳出有强抗癌活性的必要条件是分子中必须具有含共轭π键的活性基团。采用CNDO分子轨道法模拟地计算了这些活性基团的E_LUMO,发现其E_LUMO愈低,其母体的抗癌活性就愈高,并且这些E_LUMO与RNA、DNA分子中碱基的E_LUMO的差值较小。作者据此提出了倍半萜类抗癌剂的两个亲电活性基团分别与RNA或DNA的双股核苷酸链上的碱基发生电荷转移络合的抗癌机理。  

国产沉香化学成分的研究 Ⅱ.白木香醇和去氢白木香醇的分离和结构

自国产沉香[系瑞香料(Thymelaceae)植物白木香(Aquilaria slnensuis(Lour.)Gilg.)的含有黑色树脂的木质部]的挥发油中经硅胶柱层析和制备性薄层层析分离得到两个新的沉香呋喃类倍半萜,分别命名为白木香醇(baimuxinol)和去氢白木香醇(dehydrobaimuxinol)。经光谱IR,¹H NMR,MS分析和化学方法,确定它们的结构分别为式(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)。  

国产沉香化学成分的研究 Ⅱ.白木香醇和去氢白木香醇的分离和结构

自国产沉香[系瑞香料(Thymelaceae)植物白木香(Aquilaria slnensuis(Lour.)Gilg.)的含有黑色树脂的木质部]的挥发油中经硅胶柱层析和制备性薄层层析分离得到两个新的沉香呋喃类倍半萜,分别命名为白木香醇(baimuxinol)和去氢白木香醇(dehydrobaimuxinol)。经光谱IR,~1H NMR,MS分析和化学方法,确定它们的结构分别为式(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)。  

国产檀香油化学成分和五个新化合物的初步结构研究

檀香(Santalum album L.)为檀香科(Santalaceae)植物,主产于印度、印尼和马来西亚等地。檀香心材为常用中药,其挥发油檀香油广用于日用化学品工业,檀香木为高级雕刻材料。过去,我国所需的檀香木和檀香油均由国外进口。50年代末,我国一些单位相继引种,我所的海南和云南两个分所亦进行引种。檀香木含挥发油量最高可达10%,通常为2.5～5%,云