西双版纳粗榧内生真菌菌株CM112中分离到的两个新bisabolane型倍半萜

目的 从西双版纳粗榧内生真菌菌株Aspergillus sp. CM112中分离和鉴定抗菌活性产物。方法 采用反相硅胶色谱、凝胶色谱和HPLC等分离技术,对菌株CM112的发酵产物进行分离纯化;通过1D、2D NMR、HR-ESI-MS以及旋光数据进行结构测定。结果 鉴定了5个bisabolane型倍半萜的结构,包括两个新化合物(7S,11S)-(+)-11-hydroxyl-sydonol(1)和(7S,11S)-(+)-11-hydroxyl aspergiterpenoid A(2)以及3个已知化合物(7S,11S)-(+)-11-hydroxysydonic acid(3), (7S,11S)-(+)-11,12-dihydroxysydonic acid (4)和(7S,11S)-(+)-12-hydroxysydonic acid(5);并通过纸片扩散法测试了它们对3株病原细菌的抗菌活性。结论 化合物1和2是新的bisabolane型倍半萜,2和3为抗菌活性成分。     

基于逐步判别法分析辛味中药挥发油“四气”药性、透皮促渗能力和化学成分的关联因素

目的考察辛味中药挥发油的"四气"药性、透皮促渗能力和化学成分的关联性。方法选择不同"四气"药性的20味辛味挥发油开展配对比较,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取、GC-MS分析成分后,通过皮肤电阻动力学技术考察其透皮促渗能力,根据研究结果运用逐步判别法和方差分析法遴选因子并建立预测模型。结果中药挥发油透皮促渗能力排序为热性温性寒凉。倍半萜类化合物含量越高药性趋于温热性,促渗能力越大。相反,不含倍半萜类化合物或者含量少,药性趋于寒凉性,促渗能力较小。结论辛味中药挥发油的透皮促渗能力存在"四气"药性-成分类别-促渗能力的关联性,挥发油所含的倍半萜类成分可能是和"四气"药性及促渗能力相关性最大的化学成分。     

Sesquiterpenoids and further diterpenoids from the rare Chloranthaceae plant Chloranthus sessilifolius

Abstract

Two new dimeric lindenane-type sesquiterpenoids (1 and 2, named chlorasessilifols A and B, resp.), one new ent-podocarpane-type C₁₇ norditerpenoid (3), and one new ent-torarane-type diterpenoid (4), along with seven known terpenoids, were isolated from the whole plant of Chloranthus sessilifolius. The new structures were established by means of spectroscopic methods and/or observed cotton effects in the circular dichroism spectra. Among the isolates, 3α,7β-dihydroxy-ent-abieta-8,11,13-triene (11) exhibited significant anti-neuroinflammatory activity by inhibiting the nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine BV-2 microglial cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 4.3 μM.     

Sesquiterpenoids from the rhizome ofCurcuma zedoaria

In the course of searching for biologically active sesquiterpenoids from Curcuma genus, two sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria (Zingiberaceae). Their structures were identified as ar-turmerone (1) and beta-turmerone (2). The structure elucidation of compounds 1 and 2 was carried out by comparison of their physical and spectral data with previously reported values.     

臭灵丹化学成分的研究

目的:研究臭灵丹的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶、ODS和Sephadex LH-20等色谱手段分离臭灵丹乙醇提取物的化学成分;根据化学反应和波谱数据鉴定所得化合物结构。结果:从中分离得到19个化合物,分别鉴定为臭灵丹二醇(1),冬青酸(2),洋艾素(3),金腰素乙(4),3,5-二羟基-6,7,3′,4′-四甲氧基黄酮(5),猫眼草酚(6),5,6,4′-三羟基-3,7-二甲氧基黄酮(7),槲皮素(8),柽柳素(9),万寿菊素(10),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷(11),万寿菊素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(12),槲皮素-3-O-(6-p-香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(13),4′,5,7-三羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(14),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(15)、豆甾醇(16)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(17)、邻羟基苯甲酸(18)、β-谷甾醇(19)。结论:化合物5,7,9~15,17~18为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物7的13C-NMR数据由本文首次报道。     

没药中一个新的杜松烷型倍半萜

采用硅胶、ODS及半制备型HPLC等色谱分离技术,对没药正己烷提取物化学成分进行系统的分离纯化,结合其理化性质、波谱数据(UV、IR、MS、NMR)和X-ray单晶衍射实验鉴定化合物的结构。从没药正己烷提取物中分离鉴定了5个杜松烷型倍半萜类化合物,分别鉴定为(3S,4R)-3,9-二甲氧基没药酮(1)、9-甲氧基没药酮(2)、没药酮(3)、commiterpene B(4)和comosoneⅡ(5)。其中化合物1为新化合物,通过X-ray单晶衍射实验确定了其绝对构型。化合物5为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

奇楠沉香中2个新的桉烷型倍半萜类化合物

目的 研究奇楠沉香Aquilaria sinensis中具有神经细胞损伤保护作用的活性化合物。方法 利用硅胶柱色谱、半制备液相色谱等现代色谱技术进行分离纯化,结合核磁共振和质谱等现代谱学手段鉴定其结构,同时体外法测定化合物对皮质酮（corticosterone）诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。结果 从奇楠沉香超临界提取物中分离得到2个桉烷型倍半萜类化合物,分别鉴定为(7R,8S,10R)-(+)-8-hydroxy-selina-4,11-dien-12,15-dial(1)和(7S,8S,10R)-(+)-8,11-dihydroxy-selina-4-en-15-al(2);体外对PC12细胞损伤存活率显著升高。结论 化合物1和2为新化合物,分别命名为奇楠醇A和奇楠醇B,均对皮质酮诱导PC12细胞损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

Sesquiterpenoids from the twigs and leaves of Fokienia hodginsii

A rare carotane-type sesquiterpenoid, forkienin A (1), a new eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid, forkienin B (2), and a new natural eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid, forkienin C (3), were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Fokienia hodginsii, along with eight known sesquiterpenoids. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR methods. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480 cell lines.     

Chemical Constituents and Preliminary Antimalarial Activity of Humiria balsamifera

From stems and leaves of Humiria balsamifera St. (Aubl.) Hill (Humiriaceae) were isolated 6 triterpenes [arjunolic acid, 2β,3α-dihydroxy-D:A-friedooleanane, friedelin, α- and β-amyrins and lupeol], a flavonol (quercetin), an isocoumarin (bergenin) a diterpene (phytol), and 2 phytosteroids (sitosterol and stigmasterol)]. Three sesquiterpenoids [caryophyllene oxide (0.9%), humulene epoxide II (0.3%) and trans-isolongifolenone (0.6%)], a diterpene [phytol (29.4%)] and four aliphatic esters [methyl tetra- (0.3%), hexa- (26.6%) and octadecanoate (0.3%), and ethyl tetradecanoate (26.9%)] were identified by GC/MS. Some crude extracts, arjunolic acid and bergenin, were screened in vivo and/or in vitro for their antimalarial activities against a chloroquine resistant strain. Structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR experiments. All isolates, with the exception of the isocoumarin bergenin, and identified compounds as well as antimalarial activities, are described for the first time for this species.     

Tea tree oil allergy: What is the offending agent? Report of three cases of tea tree oil allergy and review of the literature

Tea tree oil is currently enjoying popularity as a cureall for a variety of skin conditions, from infections to psoriasis, and many household and personal products containing Melaleuca oil are available. However, despite its chemical complexities and enthusiastic use, there have been only a few reports of allergic reactions lo lea tree oil. At the Skin and Cancer Foundation (Sydney, NSW, Australia), three of 28 normal volunteers tested strongly positive to patch testing with tea tree oil. Following farther patch testing with tea tree oil constituents, all three patients reacted strongly to two preparations containing sesquiterpenoid fractions of the oil. Because patients often neglect to mention that they have used “natural” remedies, it is important that physicians are aware of the potential adverse effects of these products. Furthermore, identification of the allergenic ingredients in lea tree oil may assist the growing industry to produce safer products.