Preparation and identification of multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo dual-mode imaging,theranostics, and targeted tracking

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) can provide a structural foundation for a new generation of nanocarriers with a broad range of functionalities. Multifunctional MSNs can serve as all-in-one diagnostic and therapeutic tools that can be used to simultaneously visualize and treat various diseases, such as cancer. This research study is the first time that two lanthanide-based imaging systems have been combined to incorporate controlled drug release and targeted tracing into a single MSN-based nano-platform for a novel theranostic drug delivery system. Doping lanthanide ions, i.e., europium (Eu) and gadolinium (Gd) ions, into an MSN structure (EuGd-MSNs) imparts fluorescence and magnetism to the nanostructure that can be used to develop magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biological fluorescence tools. Current cancer research has revealed that most human cancer cells express a large number of folate receptors on their surface. Grafting folic acid (FA) onto the EuGd-MSN surface (EuGd-FA-MSNs) imparts a targeting function to the MSN because of the specificity of the binding of FA to cell surface receptors. Furthermore, grafting anticancer drugs, such as camptothecin (CPT), onto the surface of these MSNs by forming disulfide bonds (EuGd-SS-CPT-FA-MSNs) enables intracellular controlled drug release. A high concentration of intracellular glutathione cleaves the disulfide bond to release the drug and treat the disease. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies show that the functionalized MSNs can be successfully used as a platform to integrate dual-imaging, targeting, and therapeutic treatment in multifunctional diagnosis drug delivery systems.     

人工牛黄中胆酸和总胆酸含量测定方法探索

根据胆酸和猪去氧胆酸与硫酸加效产生脱水反应,形成共轭双键,在不同条件下各自在紫外区产生相同特征吸收峰,试采用紫外分光光度法对照品比较法进行人工牛黄中胆酸和总胆酸的含量测定。经实验证明方法可行,较现行卫生部标准法简单、准确、重现性好,易于普及推广。     

NariSO3和NaCl联合增敏光度法测定碘盐中微量碘

研究亚硫酸氢钠和氯化钠配伍使用的增敏性,建立了NaHSO3—NaCl—KIO3—KI四元无机体系测定碘盐中碘含量的新方法。测定碘的最佳条件:磷酸介质,pH 3~4,最大吸收波长479 nm,ε479=1.5×105L/(mol/cm),碘含量(以KIO3中I计)在0~2.24mg/L内符合比尔定律。用于测定食盐中碘的含量,回收率为99.49%~101.3%,结果满意。     

荧光原位杂交法快速鉴定血培养阳性葡萄球菌的临床应用

目的快速鉴定血培养中的金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CoNS),结合临床快速判定是否为污染菌。方法采用荧光原位杂交法鉴定血培养中的金黄色葡萄球菌和CoNS,杂交结果若为CoNS,根据临床资料进行判断,并与文献推荐的污染判断法进行结果比较。结果探针的特异性经由标准菌株和临床分离菌株证实。金黄色葡萄球菌探针的特异性和敏感性均为100%,GoNS探针的特异性和敏感性分别为100%和95.5%。179株CoNS中117株判断为污染菌,污染率为68%,与文献推荐的污染判断方法一致。结论荧光原位杂交法适用于血培养中的金黄色葡萄球菌和CoNS的快速鉴定,以排除CoNS污染。     

应用荧光多重聚合酶链反应法检测结直肠癌微卫星不稳定

目的建立一种敏感、稳定、高通量的结直肠癌微卫星不稳定(MSI)检测技术。方法105例散发性结直肠癌患者取其新鲜癌组织及正常肠黏膜,DNA提取,荧光多重聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增5个微卫星位点,应用GeneScan方法分析PCR产物。结果105例结直肠癌患者26例(24.7%)存在微卫星不稳定,其中MSI-H 14例(13.3%),MSI-L 12例(11.4%),MSS 79例(75.3%)。D5S346、BAT26、BAT25、D17S250、D2S123突变率分别为5.6%、8.6%、10.5%、8.6%、10.5%。结论应用荧光多重PCR可以高通量检测结直肠癌微卫星不稳定,敏感性高,结果可靠,适合临床应用。     

On the physical properties of red cell ghost membranes in the affective disorders and psychoses A fluorescence polarization study

Membrane order was measured in the erythrocyte ghost membranes of DSM-III schizophreniform disorder (SF), DSM-III schizophrenic (SCZ) and DSM-III manic (bipolar) (M) patients and a group of age- and sex-matched controls. Fluorescence polarization with the probe 1,6-diphenyl1-1,3,5-hexatriene was used to determine the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy (r_s). The SF group showed a significant increase in r_s (Δr_s = 0.037) from the control group. Although the means were not significantly different, 3 of 8 Ms and 5 of 8 SCZs also had r_s values > the highest control value. Thermotropic behavior of the membranes was evaluated over the range of 40 to 20°C. No difference among groups in membrane enthalpy was detected. Thus, the differences in r_s appear to be associated with differences in entropy. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels, which were known to be abnormal in these patients, were compared with the r_s values. A significant (P < 0.001, R= -0.63) linear correlation between r_s and membrane PC levels was observed. Overall these data further support the view that unusual membrane biophysical factors may occur with high frequency in the psychoses and affective disorders.     

唇香草中挥发油的理化性质研究

目的：研究维吾尔药唇香草中挥发油成分的理化性质．方法：采用化学检识、薄层层析法(TLC)、紫外光谱法对唇香草中挥发油成分进行定性分析。结果：唇香草挥发油中含有酚类、醛类、内醇类等不饱和化合物，唇香草中挥发油的薄层层析图谱、紫外光谱图具有明显特征。结论：化学检识、TLC、紫外光谱法可作为控制唇香草内在质量的方法，此方法简便、重现性好。     

灵芝菌合剂中灵芝多糖含量的测定

目的：探讨灵芝菌合剂中灵芝多糖含量的检测方法。方法：采用分光光度法，以无水葡萄糖为对照品，检测波长为490nm。结果：此方法在0～120μg范围内线性关系良好，灵芝多糖的平均回收率为99．09%。RSB为1．14％。结论：本法简便快捷，准确度高，重现性好，可作为本制剂的质控方法。     

荧光分光光度法检测纳米粒运载的阿霉素在大鼠体内的分布

目的　观察由半乳糖化磁性白蛋白纳米粒运载的阿霉素经舌静脉给药后在大鼠体内的的分布状况。方法　全部大鼠随机分为 4组 ,经舌静脉 ,按分组分别注射 :游离阿霉素组(FADM ) ;磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒 (MADM ) ;半乳糖化磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒组 (Gal2 9 ADM ) ;半乳糖磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒 外加磁场 (Gal2 9 ADM M ) ,剂量均为阿霉素 2 .5mg/kg体重。取全血、心、肺、肝、脾、肾。全血制成血浆 ,器官组织制成匀浆 ,盐酸乙醇法提取阿霉素 ,用荧光光度计测量。结果　静脉注射同等剂量、不同剂型的阿霉素药物后 ,阿霉素在器官中的蓄积程度从高到低 :肝 :D靶肝 >D非靶肝、C >B >A ;心脏、肾、血浆 :A >B >D、C ;脾 :B >A、C、D ;肺 :B>A >C、D。磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒注入体内后 ,在心、肺、肝、脾、肾中的药物浓度在 15～ 3 0min达峰值 ,而半乳糖化后 ,阿霉素的药物峰值提前到 5min或之前。外加磁场和未加磁场的半乳糖化磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒组的药物靶向指数和药物选择指数是均高于磁性白蛋白纳米粒。结论　磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒经半乳糖化后 ,可显著增强阿霉素对肝脏的靶向性 ,并显著降低心、肺、脾、肾、血浆肝外器官的组织阿霉素浓度。利用外加磁场 ,可提高阿霉素在肝脏特定部位蓄积的能力。     

早期糖尿病视网膜病变的视网膜电图分析

目的 分析早期糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的闪光视网膜电图(F—ERG)和视网膜电图震荡电位(OPs)各参数的变化特点，寻找反映早期DR的敏感指标。方法 对16例(32只眼)正常人进行OPs和F-ERG检测。对27例(53只眼)糖尿病病人进行眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)、OPs和F—ERG检测。结果 OPs中Os波幅、O4波幅、OPs总波幅及F-ERG中b波峰潜时较其他指标敏感，其中O4波幅和b波峰潜时为最敏感指标，但均不能反映早期DR的严重程度。结论 OPs的O4波幅和F—ERG的b波峰潜时可作为早期糖尿病视网膜病变诊断的敏感指标。