九里香的抗生育作用

九里香有抗炎、抗生育和治疗跌打损伤等功效,福建省莆田县民间验方用于引产。本文对九里香的抗生育作用进行了初步研究。观察了九里香不同药用部分、不同给药途径对小鼠各妊娠阶段的抗生育作用,及其对小鼠在体和离体子宫及前列腺素E_2合用的抗早孕作     

超微粉体技术对穿心莲药材中穿心莲内酯及脱水穿心莲内酯溶出率的影响

目的:探讨超微粉碎对穿心莲药材中有效成分溶出率的影响.方法:用高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)测定穿心莲超微粉与药材120目细粉中穿心莲内酯及脱水穿心莲内酯的溶出率.结果:超微粉药材中穿心莲内酯及脱水穿心莲内酯的溶出率明显增加.结论:超微粉碎可显著提高穿心莲药材中有效成分的溶出率.     

一种复合微生物菌肥对穿心莲生长、品质及土壤性质的影响

目的：研究一种微生物复合菌肥对穿心莲生长、品质及土壤性质的影响,旨在为穿心莲栽培生产中微生物复合菌肥的应用提供依据。方法：通过盆栽的共5个处理试验,CK（不施肥）组、A处理（施化肥）组、B处理（施微生物菌肥,施用量为2.5 g·kg-1土）组、C处理（施微生物菌肥,施用量为7.5 g·kg-1土）组、D处理（施微生物菌肥,施用量为12.5 g·kg-1土）组,研究一种复合微生物菌肥对穿心莲的农艺性状、有效成分含量及根际土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌的数量和土壤理化性质的影响。结果：施加一定量的复合微生物菌肥,穿心莲的株高、叶片数、叶面积、地上部、地下部鲜重较CK组和A处理组显著升高,不同生长期有差异。复合微生物菌肥对穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯、新穿心莲内酯及14-去氧穿心莲内酯含量影响有差异,与CK组、A处理组比较,C处理组的穿心莲内酯分别明显升高26.13%、13.23%(P<0.05);新穿心莲内酯的含量随微生物菌肥施加量的增加而增加,在D处理组下的效应最显著,与CK组、A处理组比较,分别明显升高9.06%、50.33%(P<0.05);B处理组的14-去氧穿心莲内酯较A处理组...     

穿心莲的研究及临床开发

概述穿心莲在生药学、化学成分、药理学、临床应用、制剂开发、不良反应等方面的研究进展。穿心莲主要成分为二萜类内酯和黄酮，具有抗菌消炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、防治心血管疾病、抗肝损伤、增强免疫、抗生育等多种药理作用，值得进一步研究与开发。     

新穿心莲内酯对小鼠巨噬细胞呼吸爆发及淋巴细胞增殖的影响

目的: 观察新穿心莲内酯对小鼠RAW264. 7巨噬细胞呼吸爆发和BALB/C小鼠淋巴细胞增殖的影响,探讨其抗炎免疫活性。方法:分别用化学发光法和AlamarBlue染色法考察新穿心莲内酯对佛波豆蔻酸乙酯刺激的小鼠巨噬细胞呼吸爆发及植物凝集素刺激的BALB/C小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响。结果:新穿心莲内酯在 75 ~150μmol·L-1浓度范围内对刺激的巨噬细胞呼吸爆发及淋巴细胞增殖有抑制作用,而在 1. 5~7. 5μmol·L-1浓度范围内可协同刺激剂引起的呼吸爆发。结论:新穿心莲内酯在高浓度时具有抗炎活性,而低浓度时具有免疫刺激活性,提示其可能具有双向调节功能。     

穿心莲中穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯在茎和叶中的分布

采用薄层扫描法分别测定了12批穿心莲商品药材中茎和叶所含穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的含量,并进行了比较,结果其总量在茎中平均占0.29%,在叶中平均占2.26%.因此建议穿心莲中叶所占比例应不少于35%.     

Andrographolide mitigates cardiac apoptosis to provide cardio‐protection in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice

Excessive intake of high fat diet (HFD) and associated obese conditions are critical contributors of cardiac diseases. In this study, an active metabolite andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata was found to ameliorate HFD‐induced cardiac apoptosis. C57/BL6 mouse were grouped as control (n = 9), obese (n = 8), low dose (25 mg/kg/d) andrographolide treatment (n = 9), and high dose (50 mg/kg/d) andrographolide treatment (n = 9). The control group was provided with standard laboratory chow and the other groups were fed with HFD. Andrographolide was administered through oral gavage for 1 week. Histopathological analysis showed increase in apoptotic nuclei and considerable cardiac‐damages in the obese group signifying cardiac remodeling effects. Further, Western blot results showed increase in pro‐apoptotic proteins and decrease in the proteins of IGF‐1R‐survival signaling. However, feeding of andrographolide significantly reduced the cardiac effects of HFD. The results strongly suggest that andrographolide supplementation can be used for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in obese patients.     

Andrographolide relieved pathological pain generated by spared nerve injury model in mice

Context: Andrographolide (Andro), found in large quantities in Andrographis paniculata Nees (Acanthaceae), is anti-inflammatory, especially in the central nervous system (CNS) glia.

Objective: The objective of this study is to test Andro’s ability to reduce allodynia in a spared nerve injury model.

Material and methods: Male 30?g BalbC mice were divided into four groups: (1) Sham-operated control (Sham-group); (2) nerve injured and treated with saline (Saline-group); (3) nerve injured and treated with Andro (Andro-group); (4) nerve injured and treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) (NSAIDS-group). Andro or NSAIDS (diclofenac salt) were injected intraperitoneally at 5?mg/kg body weight daily. Mechanical allodynia was assessed by von Frey tests at 3, 7, and 14?d. For immunohistochemical analysis, samples were collected at 7?d.

Results: The threshold for inducing allodynia increased and the response percentage reduced in the Andro-group when compared with the Saline-group, as well as when compared with NSAIDS groups throughout 3–14?d. The ratio of threshold for OP-Andro/OP-saline and for OP-Andro/OP-NSAIDS groups was 20.42 and 11.67 at 14?d, respectively. The ratio of response percentage for OP-Andro/OP-saline and for OP-Andro/OP-NSAIDS was 0.32 and 0.39 at 14?d, respectively. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) immunostaining in the spinal cord was reduced in the Andro-group. Astrocytic activities were not significantly reduced in the Andro-group compared with the Saline-group at 7?d post-operation (PO)

Conclusions: Andro reduced mechanical allodynia more than NSAIDS at the same concentration, and the observed behaviour was associated with a reduction in inflammatory cytokine produced in the spinal cord.     

基于经典人群口尝法和电子舌法的中药饮片水煎液苦度叠加规律研究

目的探索苦味中药饮片水煎液(decoction of Chinese materia medica,DCMM)的苦度叠加规律。方法以生物碱类(黄连Coptidis Rhizoma、黄柏Phellodendron Chinensis Cortex、苦参Sophora Flavescens Radix)、萜类(穿心莲Andrographis Herba、野菊花Chrysanthemi Indici Flos、苦楝皮Melia Cortex)、糖苷类(龙胆Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma、黄芩Scutellariae Radix、连翘Forsythiae Fructus)9种苦味DCMM为研究载体,在单味载体呈味规律研究基础上,采用均匀设计法进行二元(6组)、三元(10组)叠加实验,通过经典人群口尝法(traditional human taste panel method,THTPM)及电子舌法(electrionic tongue,E-tongue)分别评价其苦度,建立二元、三元叠加时叠加苦度-质量浓度对数(IZ-ln C)、叠加苦度-叠加前分苦度(IZ-I)、口尝叠加苦度-电子舌叠加苦度(IZo-IZe)拟合模型,探索其苦度叠加规律。结果 THTPM法中,二元叠加IZ-ln C、IZ-I共12组,均拟合出有意义模型(Rc2≥0.868,P0.05,n=6),模型类型为二次多项式或近似结构的模型(下同);三元叠加IZ-ln C、IZ-I共20组,拟合出18组有意义模型(Rc2≥0.659,P0.05,n=6)。E-tongue法中,针对3类味觉信息进行分析,二元叠加IZ-ln C、IZ-I共36组,均拟合出有意义模型(Rc2≥0.689,P0.05,n=6);三元叠加IZ-ln C、IZ-I共60组,拟合出52组有意义模型(Rc2≥0.662,P0.05,n=6)。IZo-IZe中,二元叠加共18组,拟合出8组有意义线性模型(Rc2≥0.727,P0.05,n=6);三元叠加共30组,拟合出13组有意义的线性或对数模型(Rc2≥0.670,P0.05,n=6)。结论叠加后苦度随浓度增加呈上升趋势;叠加实验良好模型获取率为(二元100%,Rc2=0.936;三元87.5%,Rc2=0.906),而IZo-IZe中有意义的模型获取率较低,即以IZe预测IZo的方法目前尚不成熟;二元、三元叠加中原始苦度越高的饮片对IZ贡献度越大;黄连在同类型和不同类型叠加中苦度贡献度均最大;除黄连+黄柏+黄芩组存在因成分间可能发生沉淀反应等导致叠加后的苦度降低外,未发现更多因各成分交互作用而产生异常的苦度促进或拮抗现象;IZo-IZe相关性随组分增加而降低。     

Effect of Andrographis paniculata as an Adjuvant in Combined Chemo-Radio and Whole Body Hyperthermia Treatment—A Preliminary Study

Modulation of immune responses to alleviate disease has been of interest for a long time. Intraperitoneal administration of Andrographis paniculata extract along with whole body hyperthermia (WBH) was found to enhance the total WBC count in cyclophosphamide (CTX) and radiation treated animals when compared to untreated control animals. Maximum inhibition in the solid tumor development was observed when the CTX and radiation exposed animals were treated with extract in combination with whole-body hyperthermia. Similarly myeloperoxidase activity in tumor tissue from CTX and radiation-treated animals was also significantly inhibited when they were administered with Andrographis paniculata extract along with whole body hyperthermia. Moreover the production of cytokines such as IL-2 and GM-CSF, which was reduced after combined CTX and radiation treatment was significantly increased by the simultaneous treatment of extract and whole body hyperthermia. The elevated level of serum Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) level, after CTX and radiation treatment was also lowered significantly after the administration of extract and simultaneous exposure of whole-body hyperthermia with respect to untreated tumor-bearing animals.