SLC及其受体CCR7与Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌淋巴结微转移的相关性

目的 探讨溶质载体蛋白（SLC）及其受体趋化因子受体7（CCR7）与I期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）淋巴结微转移的相关性。方法 选取2019年1月~2020年3月于我院就诊的I期NSCLC患者127例为研究对象，按照淋巴结微转移情况分为对照组92例和转移组35例，所有患者入院后均通过根治术切除病灶，通过免疫组化方式检测病灶中SLC7A11及CCR7含量，并收集患者临床资料、实验室检查资料及影像学检查资料。通过Logistic回归分析评价SLC7A11及CCR7与淋巴结微转移之间的关系。最后通过建立ROC曲线分析两者及其联合检测对NSCLC患者微淋巴结转移的预测价值。结果 两组患者SLC7A11及CCR7表达水平存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。转移组患者病灶直径、支气管受累及TLG显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。病灶直径（OR=49.254,95%CI=11.062~507.604）是影响NSCLC淋巴结微转移的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。SLC7A11（OR=8.622）及CCR7（OR=8.709）表达水平是影响NSCLC淋巴结微转移的独立因素（P＜0.05）。SLC7A11、CCR7及联合诊断对NSCLC淋巴结微转移具有较好的检测价值（均P＜0.05）。联合检测特异度显著高于 SLC7A11及CCR7单独检测（2=7.292，15.125；均P＜0.01）。结论 SLC家族的中SLC7A11及其受体CCR7与NSCLC患者微淋巴结转移显著相关。     

Cortical network dysfunction revealed by magnetoencephalography in carriers of spinocerebellar ataxia 1 or 2 mutation

ObjectiveIn patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 or 2 (SCA1 or SCA2) and in their asymptomatic gene-positive relatives (AsyRs) we investigated the event-related desynchronization and synchronisation (ERD/ERS) on magnetoencephalographic signals to assess the changes occurring before manifest ataxia, by comparing the results obtained in AsyRs and in their gene-negative healthy relatives (HRs).MethodsTwenty-four patients (12 SCA1, 12 SCA2), 24 AsyRs (13 SCA1, 11 SCA2) and 17 HRs performed a visually cued Go/No-go task. We evaluated the ERD/ERS in regions of interest corresponding to the frontal, central and parietal cortices.ResultsIn the SCA patients the main findings were a loss of side predominance for alpha and beta ERD and significantly weakened beta ERS. In AsyRs the main finding was a significantly enhanced alpha ERD, namely in those who were approaching the estimated time of symptom onset.ConclusionsIn ataxic patients, the loss of ERD lateralisation and the significantly reduction of beta ERS suggest defective bilateral processes that are involved in ending the movement. In AsyRs, enhanced alpha ERD proposes the presence of preclinical marker closely preceding symptom onset.SignificanceMovement-related ERD/ERS can detect the defective sensorimotor integration in ataxic patients, and reveals possible compensatory mechanisms in their AsyRs.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎无症状感染相关研究进展

我国新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情逐步控制，当下对无症状感染者的管理和风险评估成为亟待解决的问题。无症状感染者主要通过密切接触者筛查、聚集性疫情调查、传染源追踪调查、对部分人员开展主动检测等途径发现。目前关于无症状感染者造成疾病传播的风险研究有限，并且缺乏大规模社区人群无症状感染者分布的数据支持。以核酸检测为主要手段的病原学检测适用于已发现的确诊病例和无症状感染者密切接触者等重点人群筛查，应及早开始；而抗体检测更适用于传染来源不明的一般人群中无症状感染者的筛查。对无症状感染者的管理，目前按照“早发现、早报告、早隔离、早治疗”的要求，严格集中隔离和医学观察。     

Interactions of organophosphorus pesticides with solute carrier (SLC) drug transporters

1.?Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are known to interact with human ATP-binding cassette drug efflux pumps. The present study was designed to determine whether they can also target activities of human solute carrier (SLC) drug transporters.

2.?The interactions of 13 OPs with SLC transporters involved in drug disposition, such as organic cation transporters (OCTs), multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (MATEs), organic anion transporters (OATs) and organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs), were mainly investigated using transporter-overexpressing cell clones and fluorescent or radiolabeled reference substrates.

3.?With a cut-off value of at least 50% modulation of transporter activity by 100?µM OPs, OAT1 and MATE2-K were not impacted, whereas OATP1B1 and MATE1 were inhibited by two and three OPs, respectively. OAT3 activity was similarly blocked by three OPs, and was additionally stimulated by one OP. Five OPs cis-stimulated OATP2B1 activity. Both OCT1 and OCT2 were inhibited by the same eight OPs, including fenamiphos and phosmet, with IC₅₀ values however in the 3–30?µM range, likely not relevant to environmental exposure.

4.?These data demonstrated that various OPs inhibit SLC drug transporter activities, especially those of OCT1 and OCT2, but only when used at high concentrations not expected to occur in environmentally-exposed humans.     

No association between postmenopausal time and the prevalence of newly discovered asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: The APAC study

IntroductionAsymptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (AICAS) is a common cause of stroke. Elderly women were more likely than men to develop AICAS, although it indicated that a lifelong exposure to estrogen could lower the risks of cardiovascular disease (CVDs).ObjectiveThe present study aims to ascertain whether postmenopausal time is a risk factor of AICAS. Fostering a correct perception of menopause is of great significance for the overall well-being of the elderly women.MethodsAll participants received a questionnaire, physical examination, laboratory testing and transcranial Doppler. The menopausal population (n = 701) was divided into three groups by tertiles of postmenopausal time. Two-tailed testing and trend test were used to reveal the relationship between postmenopausal time and newly discovered AICAS. Other potential risk factors were also analyzed to ascertain whether there was a relation between postmenopausal time and the newly discovered ICAS.ResultsBoth mean age and mean postmenopausal time were gradually increased from G0 to G2. The same trend occurred in hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, triglyceride, C-reactive protein and serum homocysteine. Adjusting for various confounding factors, postmenopausal time was not a risk factor for newly discovered AICAS. Multifactor analysis and stratifying analysis showed no correlation between newly discovered AICAS and postmenopausal time.ConclusionsPostmenopausal time is not an independent risk factor of AICAS. No relationship was detected between postmenopausal time and newly discovered AICAS, while vigorous control of body weight, blood pressure/glucose/lipids and smoke cessation are vital for preventing the occurrence of AICAS.     

无症状WHOⅡ级脑胶质瘤的疾病特征和术后生存分析

目的分析无症状世界卫生组织(WHO)分级Ⅱ级脑胶质瘤的疾病特征和术后生存情况。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2016年12月郑州大学第一附属医院神经外科手术治疗的271例WHOⅡ级脑胶质瘤患者的临床资料。将其分为无症状组(34例)和有症状组(237例)。对比分析两组患者疾病特征和预后的差异。多因素Cox回归分析方法分析影响预后的危险因素。结果与有症状组比较,无症状组肿瘤侵犯功能区的比率较低[分别为58.2%(138/237)、38.2%(13/34),P=0.041],年龄、性别、组织学类型、异柠檬酸脱氢酶(IDH)和端粒酶逆转录酶启动子(TERTp)是否突变、1p/19q是否共缺失,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。无症状组和有症状组术后肿瘤的全切除率分别为94.1%(32/34)、78.5%(186/237),行放疗的比率分别为97.1%(33/34)、78.5%(186/237),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。所有患者的随访时间为1.1~86.0个月(中位数为43.0个月),无症状组和有症状组的复发率分别为8.8%(3/34)、27.4%(65/237),中位生存期分别为45.5(28.5~80.0)个月、43.0(1.1~86.0)个月,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,随访期无症状组的总体生存率和无进展生存率均高于有症状组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,侵犯功能区(HR=2.048,95%CI:1.017~4.125,P=0.045)和复发(HR=0.009,95%CI:0.002~0.038,P<0.001)是患者术后生存的独立危险因素。而有、无症状不是术后生存的独立影响因素(HR=1.570,95%CI:0.200~12.346,P=0.668)。结论无症状与有症状WHOⅡ级脑胶质瘤患者比较,肿瘤位于功能区的比率和术后复发率低,术后患者的生存期更长,病理学特征无明显差异。     

Cognition of the mothers of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has been found to be associated with cognitive impairment. However, few studies have addressed cognitive impairment among mothers of children with DMD. In the present study, the neuropsychological profiles of both carrier mothers (C-Ms) and noncarrier mothers (NC-Ms) were examined, and the findings were compared with healthy control mothers (HC-Ms). There were 90 participants, consisting of 31 C-Ms, 24 NC-Ms, and 35 HC-Ms, each of whom completed a neuropsychological test battery. C-Ms had poorer cognition performance in attention, working memory, immediate verbal memory, visuospatial skills, and executive functions than NC-Ms, and HC-Ms. This study provides evidence that there may be cognitive impairment in mothers of patients with DMD. The cognitive impairment of C-Ms has similarities to that seen in children with DMD.     

Evaluación del seguimiento de niños con hallazgo de hipertransaminasemia

IntroductionAlthough changes in liver function tests can be non-specific in numerous clinical conditions, they can be the first sign of a potentially serious disease in an asymptomatic patient.Material and methodsRetrospective cohort study, performed by reviewing the records of children of a reference hospital central laboratory with alanine aminorransferase enzyme (ALT) elevation during a 6 month aleatory period.Results572 blood tests with serum ALT elevation corresponding to 403 patients had been assessed during the period studied. 98 patients were excluded for presenting abnormal liver test before the study period of comorbidity that could produce ALT elevation. The remaining 305 patients, 22.6% were diagnosed with a medical condition during the first blood test that explained the ALT elevation, although only 33.3% of them were followed up until verifying their normalization. Final study sample consists of 236 patients with abnormal liver test without apparent liver disease. Adequate follow-up was found only in 29% of them. From this group, 9 patients (13%) were diagnosed with liver disease. The rest of the sample were not properly monitored. In patients with higher serum ALT levels, follow-up was early and more appropiate.ConclusionsIn our area, most children without apparent liver disease are no properly monitored. Therefore, an opportunity to diagnosis and treat a potential liver disease was lost in a great number of children. All children with unexplainedhypertransaminasaemia must be studied.