天然姜黄素类化合物抗人类呼吸道合胞病毒研究

目的：：研究姜黄中天然姜黄素类化合物体外抗人类呼吸道合胞病毒( human respiratory syncytial virus, RSV)的活性。方法：采用细胞病变抑制法检测姜黄的95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位与天然姜黄素类化合物体外抗RSV的活性。结果：双去甲氧基姜黄素有抗RSV病毒的活性,对RSV的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为12.5μg·ml-1,治疗指数(SI)为1。结论：姜黄中的天然姜黄素类化合物具有抗RSV的活性。     

表面活性剂对姜黄素类成分水溶性与抗肝纤维化作用的影响

目的研究以3种食品级表面活性剂为增溶剂增加姜黄素类成分的水溶性,并研究表面活性剂对姜黄素类成分结构、稳定性及体内抗肝纤维化作用的影响。方法采用高速分散法制备姜黄素类成分与表面活性剂的配比溶液,通过LC-MS/MS对配比溶液中姜黄素类成分进行定性分析,建立HPLC-DAD指纹图谱,进行定量分析;进一步通过肝纤维化大鼠模型评估不同质量浓度姜黄素配比溶液的抗肝纤维化作用。结果羟乙基纤维素、明胶、蔗糖酯加入的质量比为3∶5∶40,高速分散机转速为6 000 r/min时,姜黄素类成分的水溶性最大为1.387 mg/m L;LC-MS/MS分析表明,姜黄素类成分结构未改变;指纹图谱表明,有18批次样品相似度大于99%;且不同批次样品中姜黄素、脱甲氧基姜黄素、双脱甲氧基姜黄素含量稳定,RSD分别为1.60%、2.24%、3.74%;抗肝纤维化动物实验表明,游离药物混悬液组大鼠天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平分别为(64.1±20.3)、(45.1±13.9)U/L,而姜黄素配比溶液组为(19.4±8.7)、(11.8±4.9)U/L。结论姜黄素类成分经表面活性剂配比增溶后水溶性较游离状态(2.677μg/m L)提高了517倍,重复试验表明姜黄素类成分的化学结构与含量均稳定;增溶后的姜黄素类成分显示出更好的抗肝纤维化效果。     

栽培措施对姜黄产量和品质的影响

目的:通过姜黄产量和品质的影响因素研究,为姜黄高产优质栽培提供依据。方法:密度和播种期试验采用随机区组设计,施肥量试验采用正交设计。结果:不同播期和密度对姜黄产量和品质影响显著。增加复合肥、过磷酸钙和尿素施用量有利于增加姜黄根状茎的产量。但随施肥量的增加,根状茎中姜黄素含量和挥发油含量显著下降。结论:姜黄适宜播期为3月下旬,播种密度为12窝/m²,每窝播1个母姜。施肥量为过磷酸钙1000kg·m^-2,尿素156.2kg·m^-2,氮磷钾复合肥1250kg·m^-2。灌溉和净作有利于提高姜黄产量。     

不同加工方法对不同产地姜黄、郁金药材中姜黄素类成分含量的影响

目的:研究不同加工方法对不同产地姜黄和郁金药材中姜黄素类成分含量的影响,以期为建立姜黄和郁金药材合理的加工工艺提供依据。方法:采用切片阴干、蒸煮晒干、常压下60,80℃烘干4种加工方法处理,采用HPLC同时测定姜黄和郁金药材中姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素3种化学成分含量。结果:不同加工方法处理的姜黄药材中姜黄素类成分含量存在显著性差异(P0.05),姜黄素类成分含量高低依次为切片阴干60℃烘干80℃烘干蒸煮晒干;不同加工方法处理的郁金药材中姜黄素类成分含量有显著性差异(P0.05),姜黄素类成分含量高低依次为切片阴干60℃烘干蒸煮晒干80℃烘干;崇州产地的姜黄和郁金药材中姜黄素类成分的含量与犍为产地间的差异极显著(P0.01),均表现为犍为产地高于崇州产地。结论:不同加工方法对姜黄、郁金药材中的姜黄素类成分含量影响均较大,姜黄、郁金产地加工方法均以切片阴干的效果较为理想。     

Curcuminoids: Implication for inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases

It has been extensively verified that inflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Curcuminoids, from the plant Curcuma longa, have three major active ingredients, which include curcumin (curcumin I), demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids have been used in traditional medicine for CVDs' management and other comorbidities for centuries. Numerous studies had delineated their anti‐inflammatory, antioxidative, and other medicinally relevant properties. Animal experiments and clinical trials have also demonstrated that turmeric and curcuminoids can effectively reduce atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and diabetic cardiovascular complications. In this review, we introduce and summarize curcuminoids' molecular and biological significance, while focusing on their mechanistic anti‐inflammatory/antioxidative involvements in CVDs and preventive effects against CVDs, and, finally, discuss relevant clinical applications.     

总姜黄素脂质体的包封率和体外释药测定

目的:研究总姜黄素脂质体的包封率测定方法,初步考察其体外释放规律。方法:用乙醇注入法制备了总姜黄素脂质体,葡聚糖凝胶 G-50柱分离方法测定脂质体的包封率,并用溶出度第三法考察脂质体的体外释放过程。分析柱为岛津 C_(18)色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),乙腈-水-冰醋酸(45:55:2)为流动相,流速1mL·min~(-1),检测波长430nm。结果:总姜黄素脂质体的平均包封率为64.4%,体外释放符合一室模型。结论:该方法简便、易操作,可作为总姜黄素脂质体包封率和体外释药的研究。     

国产姜黄药材质量的比较研究

目的综合评价国产市售姜黄药材质量。方法采用HPLC法和UV法测定17批姜黄产地或商品药材中姜黄素类化合物含量,并测定了挥发油、醇浸出物含量、灰分及酸不溶性灰分、水分等常规检验项目。结果姜黄药材中姜黄素类成分含量变化范围较大,但各单一指标成分(如:姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、二去甲氧基姜黄素)含量的分布比较均匀;常规理化试验项目测定结果表明不同产地或市场商品姜黄药材的质量差异大。结论姜黄素类含量及挥发油等常规试验指标可用于姜黄药材的综合评价和化学质量标准化。     

Therapeutic Potential of Turmeric in Alzheimer's Disease: Curcumin or Curcuminoids?

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. There is limited choice in modern therapeutics, and drugs available have limited success with multiple side effects in addition to high cost. Hence, newer and alternate treatment options are being explored for effective and safer therapeutic targets to address AD. Turmeric possesses multiple medicinal uses including treatment for AD. Curcuminoids, a mixture of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, are vital constituents of turmeric. It is generally believed that curcumin is the most important constituent of the curcuminoid mixture that contributes to the pharmacological profile of parent curcuminoid mixture or turmeric. A careful literature study reveals that the other two constituents of the curcuminoid mixture also contribute significantly to the effectiveness of curcuminoids in AD. Therefore, it is emphasized in this review that each component of the curcuminoid mixture plays a distinct role in making curcuminoid mixture useful in AD, and hence, the curcuminoid mixture represents turmeric in its medicinal value better than curcumin alone. The progress in understanding the disease etiology demands a multiple‐site‐targeted therapy, and the curcuminoid mixture of all components, each with different merits, makes this mixture more promising in combating the challenging disease. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.