大叶小檗乙醇提取物对小鼠S_（180）肉瘤的抑制作用

目的探讨大叶小檗乙醇提取物对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制作用。方法按标准方法给小鼠接种S180肉瘤细胞,随机分组后,分别灌胃给不同剂量的大叶小檗乙醇提取物。10 d后观察大叶小檗乙醇提取物对抑瘤率、免疫器官质量分数及用药前后的体重变化等指标的影响。结果不同剂量大叶小檗乙醇提取物对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制率分别为19.00%、33.00%,46.05%;大、中、小剂量组胸腺、脾脏质量分数与荷瘤对照组相比差异无统计学意义;大剂量组体重与荷瘤对照组相比差异有统计学意义;其他组差异无统计学意义。结论大叶小檗乙醇提取物对小鼠S180肉瘤有抑制作用。     

野生山葡萄多酚对异丙肾上腺素诱发的小鼠心肌缺血的保护作用

目的评价野生山葡萄多酚(PVAS)对异丙肾上腺素诱发的小鼠心肌缺血的保护作用。方法采用皮下注射异丙肾上腺素(ISO)建立小鼠急性心肌缺血模型,观察不同剂量PVAS对模型小鼠ECGⅡ导联异常ST段,心肌含水量(MWC),心肌指数(M I)及血清磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的影响。结果400 mg/kg PVAS可显著改善ISO诱发小鼠异常ECGⅡ导联ST段抬高,抑制MWC、M I的升高并降低血清CK、LDH水平(P<0.05)。结论PVAS对小鼠急性心肌缺血损伤具有保护作用。     

山葡萄多酚对大鼠心肌线粒体氧化损伤的保护作用

目的:在大鼠心肌线粒体（Mt）自由基损伤的体外实验中观察山葡萄多酚(PVAR)对心肌线粒体氧化损伤的保护作用,为治疗心肌缺血再灌注损伤提供实验依据。方法: 实验分5组,正常线粒体组、诱导损伤线粒体组和预先加25、50、100 mg•L^-1PVAR再诱导损伤线粒体组;利用Fe²⁺/维生素C（VitC）系统产生氧自由基,体外对Wistar大鼠心肌Mt诱导损伤,观察各组Mt心磷脂和MDA含量、膜流动性、ATPase活性和肿胀度的变化。结果：与损伤组比较,三种剂量PVAR组心磷脂含量明显增高（P<0.05),MDA明显减少（P<0.01),膜流动性显著增大(P<0.01),ATPase活性增高（P<0.05),100 mg•L^-1PVAR组线粒体肿胀度与正常组比较差异无显著性。结论:氧自由基引起Mt损伤;PVAR对氧自由基引起的大鼠心肌Mt损伤具有保护作用,保护机制可能是直接减少氧自由基的生成。     

Chemical constituents from rhizome of Anemone amurensis

Phytochemical investigation of the 70% EtOH extract of the rhizome of Anemone amurensis led to the isolation of two new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins 1 and 2. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR data, and HR–ESI–MS. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for cytotoxicities against two human cancer cell lines (A549 and Hep-G2). Compound 2 showed potent cytotoxicity with IC₅₀ values of 38.53 and 66.17 μM, respectively, while compound 1 with IC_50?>?100 μM.     

海星脑苷脂-磷脂复合脂质体抗肿瘤活性作用

目的通过体内、体外实验,研究海星脑苷脂-磷脂复合脂质体的抗肿瘤作用。方法从罗氏海盘车中提取脑苷脂和磷脂,并制备脑苷脂-磷脂复合单室脂质体,采用四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定海星脑苷脂-磷脂复合脂质体对S180细胞生长抑制作用;通过体内实验检测其对S180小鼠实体瘤生长的抑制率、脾脏指数、胸腺指数及体重变化等指标。结果海星脑苷脂-磷脂复合脂质体在体外对S180细胞有明显的抑制作用,其24、487、2 h的半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为199.89、148.95和126.65μg/mL;体内实验表明,海星脑苷脂-磷脂复合脂质体能明显抑制小鼠S180肉瘤的生长,其抑瘤率为72.6%,同时提高荷瘤小鼠的胸腺指数和脾指数,延缓荷瘤小鼠体重的下降,抑癌效果优于海星脑苷脂和磷脂单独使用。结论海星脑苷脂-磷脂复合脂质体在体内、体外均具有较强的抗肿瘤活性。     

HPLC-ESI-MS鉴定罗氏海盘车中的多种化合物及相关指纹图谱研究

目的：建立高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱（HPLC-ESI-MS）联用技术用于海洋中药罗氏海盘车有效成分快速鉴定及其指纹图谱研究的方法。方法：对罗氏海盘车药材进行超声波提取，采用HPLC-ESI-MS 对罗氏海盘车粗提物中多种化合物进行分析，并在此基础上建立罗氏海盘车药材的HPLC 特征指纹图谱。结果：结合文献，应用HPLC-ESI-MS 鉴定出罗氏海盘车提取物中的11 种化合物；在化合物鉴定的基础上，建立了罗氏海盘车药材的HPLC 指纹图谱，发现不同批次罗氏海盘车的质量存在差异。结论：本方法可用于罗氏海盘车药材有效成分的快速鉴定及质量控制。     

黑水缬草药材质量标准研究

目的建立黑水缬草中缬草素的薄层色谱鉴别方法和缬草烯酸的含量测定方法。方法采用薄层色谱法（TLC）对黑水缬草进行定性鉴别。采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定缬草烯酸含量,采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）;流动相：甲醇-0.5%磷酸梯度洗脱;检测波长：268 nm;柱温：35℃;流速：1 mL/min。结果各批黑水缬草药材TLC中均能检出缬草素;缬草烯酸HPLC色谱峰与其他色谱峰分离良好,进样量在0.074 7～1.195 2μg范围内呈良好线性关系（r=0.9999）;缬草烯酸的加样回收率为99.33%,RSD=1.36%。结论本法简便快捷,结果可靠,为控制黑水缬草药材的质量提供了依据。     

贮存时间对三棵针中小檗碱含量的影响

<正> 三棵针为小科小檗属植物的根,有清热、利湿、散瘀的功能,根和根皮中的小檗碱含量较高,药源丰富,是制药厂提取黄连素的重要原料(北京医学院、北京中医学院。中草药成分化学。第1版。北京:人民卫生出版社,1980:124)在实验中发现三棵针中小檗碱的提得率随着贮存时间的延长而显著降低,药材表面的色泽也有变化,并且光照有促进作用,用贮存三年后的三棵针作原料几乎提不出小檗碱。本实验对贮存不同时间的三棵针进行外观观察和小檗碱的含量测定,为三棵针的合理应用提供依据。     

海星类动物的应用研究：Ⅰ罗氏海盘车壳部分化学成分的研究

对我国渤海湾产的罗氏海盘车的无机元素、氨基酸及蛋白质等成分进行了分析检测。结果显示,其壳中不仅含有大量钙、磷、镁、铯、锶,还含有一定量人体必要的锌、锡、锰、铁、锗、铜等微量元素;氨基酸总含量为17.04％,其中必要氨基酸约占30％;蛋白质含量为19.66％。     

DNA strand breaks, cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase system activity and levels of chlorinated biphenyl congeners in the pyloric caeca of the seastar (Asterias rubens) from the North Sea

Seastars (Asterias rubens L.) were collecte d at sampling locations in different areas along transects radiating into the southern North Sea, representing areas impacted by contaminants to different degrees. Strand breakage in DNA isolated from tissue of the pyloric caeca was measured by the alkaline unwinding assay, modified to allow for the isolation of highly intact DNA. The interpretation of the results is based on the incidence of DNA strand breaks (expressed as the double:total DNA ratio or F value, indicating the degree of double-strandedness). The cytochrome P-450 concentration and the benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) hydroxylase activity were measured in microsomal fractions of the pyloric caeca. The chlorinated biphenyl (CB) congeners in tissue samples from the digestive gland were determined by temperature-programmed gas-chromatography, with a CPSil8 capillary column as the stationary phase, hydrogen as the carrier gas and 63Ni-electron capture detection. Areas where seastars showed different DNA integrity could be described. The highest integrity (0.75 < F < 0.85) was found in the off-shore reference sites of the Dogger Bank and Southern Bight. The mean F value in seastars from most sampling locations varied between 55 and 75%. The lowest DNA integrity (0.35 < F < 0.55) was found in specimens obtained from sampling locations near the river Rhine delta, along the Dutch coast and at two expected uncontaminated offshore areas. The BaP hydroxylase activity was relatively high near the mouth of the rivers Rhine and Scheldt, but also at a supposedly clean site near Dogger Bank. The concentration of CB congeners in the pyloric caeca of seastars decreased along transects radiating into the southern North Sea from the coastal areas of the Netherlands; the highest concentrations were in the nearby coastal areas and the lowest were in the open sea sampling locations. The data indicate that there might be a relationship between pollution from the Rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt and the incidence of DNA strand breaks and/or BaP hydroxylase activity