Severe lumbar spinal stenosis combined with Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case report

BACKGROUNDGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare disorder that typically presents with ascending weakness, pain, paraesthesias, and numbness, which mimic the findings in lumbar spinal stenosis. Here, we report a case of severe lumbar spinal stenosis combined with GBS.CASE SUMMARYA 70-year-old man with a history of lumbar spinal stenosis presented to our emergency department with severe lower back pain and lower extremity numbness. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of severe lumbar spinal stenosis. However, his symptoms did not improve postoperatively and he developed dysphagia and upper extremity numbness. An electromyogram was performed. Based on his symptoms, physical examination, and electromyogram, he was diagnosed with GBS. After 5 d of intravenous immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg/d for 5 d) therapy, he gained 4/5 of strength in his upper and lower extremities and denied paraesthesias. He had regained 5/5 of strength in his extremities when he was discharged and had no symptoms during follow-up.CONCLUSIONGBS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal disorder, even though magnetic resonance imaging shows severe lumbar spinal stenosis. This case highlights the importance of a careful diagnosis when a patient has a history of a disease and comes to the hospital with the same or similar symptoms.     

颞下颌关节强直动物模型中最大张口度与强直严重程度关系研究

目的　研究主、被动最大张口度（AMMO、PMMO）与颞下颌关节强直严重程度的关系。方法　选取28只健康雄性绵羊随机分为实验组和对照组，每组各14只。实验组绵羊双侧颞下颌关节模拟髁突矢状骨折，其中左侧翼外肌被切断以阻断其功能；对照组绵羊未进行手术。于术前及术后12、24周对所有绵羊体重、AMMO、PMMO、颞下颌关节形态学特点进行测量评估。结果　实验组只有右侧保留翼外肌功能的颞下颌关节发生了骨强直。术后12、24周，实验组绵羊AMMO、PMMO、极限距离均显著低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。实验组绵羊AMMO和PMMO与骨融合区宽度、长度、面积及钙化程度均呈负相关（均P < 0.05），其中骨融合区面积为主要影响因素（术后12、24周相关系数r分别为-0.94、-0.95）。结论　颞下颌关节强直动物模型中阻断翼外肌功能可阻止骨强直的发生；对于早期髁突矢状骨折，可通过牙合垫或牙合板进行张口训练，进而阻断翼外肌功能。当颞下颌关节发生骨强直时，骨融合区面积越大，张口受限越明显。     

针灸治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴疼痛的效果研究

目的:探讨针灸治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴疼痛的效果。方法:研究对象为2018年1-12月于我院接受治疗的腰椎间盘突出症伴疼痛患者78例,以随机数表法分为对照组与研究组,各39例。对照组采取常规牵引治疗,研究组在此基础上应用针灸治疗。治疗1个月后评价两组临床疗效,并对比两组治疗前后疼痛评分。结果:研究组治疗总有效率为97.44%(38/39),高于对照组的79.49%(31/39)(P<0.05);治疗后研究组VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:针灸治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴疼痛疗效确切,能够有效改善症状,降低疼痛程度,值得临床推广。     

非手术治疗破裂型腰椎间盘突出症5年随访研究

目的:探讨非手术治疗破裂型腰椎间盘突出症的近中期疗效及预后转归。方法:选取2011年2月至2014年2月接受非手术治疗的75例单节段破裂型腰椎间盘突出症患者进行前瞻性研究,男53例,女22例;年龄18～58(35.62±9.96岁);病程5 d～6个月,平均(46.45±40.66) d。突出节段:L_(3,4) 4例,L_(4,5) 29例,L_5S_1 42例。放射痛左侧46例,右侧29例。选取治疗前,治疗后3个月、6个月、1年、2年、5年6个时间点对患者JOA评分、直腿抬高角度(SLRT)、指地距统计分析。计算末次随访时(治疗后5年)JOA改善率,根据JOA评分评定疗效;分析治疗前、末次随访(治疗后5年)椎间盘突出物体积变化,计算突出物体积吸收率,观察突出物吸收情况;分析JOA改善率与突出物吸收率之间关系。结果:71例患者完成随访,非手术治疗后3个月、6个月、1年、2年、5年JOA评分、SLRT、指地距与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后5年与6个月、治疗后5年与2年、治疗后2年与6个月JOA评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),其余各时间点两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后5年与6个月、治疗后5年与2年、治疗后2年与6个月SLRT、指地距比较,差异亦无统计学意义(P0.05),其余各时间点两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访JOA改善率为(62.69±2.47)%,按照JOA评分评定疗效,结果优26例,良26例,可14例,差5例,优良率73.24%;突出物体积由起始的(1 981.73±588.72) mm3减少至(1 011.82±395.47) mm3,总体吸收率(45.65±2.83)%,突出物发生明显吸收24例,部分吸收26例,未吸收19例,增大2例。JOA改善率与突出物吸收率作Spearman秩相关分析,发现两者呈中等以上正相关(r=0.679,P0.001)。结论:非手术治疗破裂型腰椎间盘突出症可取得良好疗效,明确了破裂型腰椎间盘突出症的病情特点及预后转归,同时部分患者发生"重吸收"现象。     

MRI图像融合技术在肛瘘评估中的初步应用

目的采用图像融合技术获得T2WI与T2WI-FS的融合图像，评估其在肛瘘及肛周结构显示中的优势。 方法2016年6月至2018年6月，前瞻性选择中山大学附属第一医院29例肛瘘患者进行肛管磁共振（MR）检查，采用图像融合技术获取T2WI与T2WI-FS的融合图像T2WI-Fusion，利用Fisher score算法计算瘘管及肛门括约肌的组织间分辨力Fisher值、脂肪与肛门括约肌间的Fisher值，评估融合图像中瘘管及肛周结构的显示情况。采用改进的双刺激连续质量量表（DSCQS）对T2WI-FS、T2WI、增强3D-VIBE和T2WI-Fusion序列图像进行主观图像质量评价。 结果29例患者均成功获得T2WI与T2WI-FS的融合图像T2WI-Fusion。T2WI-Fusion、T2WI瘘管与括约肌间Fisher均值分别为6.46、3.31，T2WI-Fusion图像对瘘管的显示优于T2WI序列图像（P<0.001）。T2WI-Fusion、T2WI-FS脂肪与括约肌间Fisher均值分别为10.61、2.45，T2WI-Fusion图像对括约肌的显示优于T2WI-FS序列图像（P<0.001）。T2WI-Fusion对瘘管与括约肌的图像质量评价总评分均高于T2WI-FS、T2WI、增强3D-VIBE序列（P<0.001）。 结论MRI图像融合技术同时具备T2WI及T2WI-FS的优势，无需增加扫描序列及扫描时间，且操作简单，花费时间短，显著提高病变及肛周解剖结构的对比度和图像质量。     

PCNA、Survivin蛋白在人绒癌细胞株BeWo合体化过程中表达变化的研究

目的:通过检测人绒癌细胞株Be Wo合体化过程中增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)、生存素(Survivin)蛋白表达的变化,探讨滋养细胞合体化后增殖性的变化,为恶性滋养细胞肿瘤,尤其是耐药恶性滋养细胞肿瘤的临床治疗提供新的思路和方法。方法:利用毛喉素(forskolin)诱导Be Wo细胞株融合;应用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测促融素(Syncytin)在forskolin作用不同时间的Be Wo细胞株中的表达;应用蛋白质印迹(Western blotting)检测PCNA、Survivin蛋白在forskolin作用不同时间的Be Wo细胞株中的表达;应用噻唑蓝比色分析实验(MTT)法检测forskolin作用不同时间的绒癌细胞株Be Wo的增殖能力。结果:1forskolin作用后的Be Wo细胞株Syncytin基因的表达增强,且随着forskolin作用时间的延长,Syncytin的表达更强,于48 h达到高峰。2forskolin作用后的Be Wo细胞株PCNA、Survivin蛋白的表达降低。3forskolin作用后的Be Wo细胞株的增殖能力下降,且不同作用时间的差异有统计学意义;forskolin作用的时间越长,Be Wo细胞株增殖能力下降越明显。结论:人绒癌细胞株Be Wo合体化后PCNA、Survivin蛋白的表达降低,说明人绒癌细胞株Be Wo合体化后增殖性降低,推测诱导滋养细胞合体化可能对临床治疗恶性滋养细胞肿瘤具有一定作用。     

Reoperation rates and risk factors for revision 4 years after dynamic stabilization of the lumbar spine

Background Context

The concept of dynamic stabilization (DS) of the lumbar spine for treatment of degenerative instability has been introduced almost two decades ago. Dynamic stabilization follows the principle of controlling movement in the coronal plane by providing load transfer of the spinal segment without fusion and, at the same time, reducing side effects such as adjacent segment disease (ASD). So far, only little is known about revision rates after DS due to ASD and screw loosening (SL).

Early onset scoliosis and current treatment methods

ObjectiveProvide an update of the management options for early onset scoliosis patients, including general assessment, conservative and surgical options.MethodsWe included the updated information about the assessment and management options of Early Onset Scoliosis, taking into consideration the non-fusion methods, including the burden on the patient and their family.ResultsWith the heterogeneity of this population, it is difficult to get a consensus about a unified protocol for management. Accordingly, the surgeon dealing with these cases needs to be aware of the broad range of surgical and non-surgical methods when treating these patients.ConclusionThe main aim of early onset scoliosis treatment is to gain a flexible spine associated with normal lung development and thoracic growth. Management needs to be individualized between the surgeon and patient in relation to the etiology and patient conditions.