麻黄细辛附子汤对肾阳虚外感小鼠及正常小鼠的效-毒作用研究

目的研究麻黄细辛附子汤(MXF)干预肾阳虚外感小鼠的药效作用及其对正常小鼠的毒性作用差异,并考察其效-毒作用机制。方法BABL/C雄性小鼠随机分为正常组、正常毒性低、中、高剂量组;肾阳虚外感模型组;肾阳虚外感低、中、高剂量组,连续灌胃给药6 d,记录体重、肛温等药理指标并观察小鼠的一般体征,检测生化指标、炎症因子。结果药效实验中,与正常组小鼠相比,肾阳虚外感模型组小鼠生化指标肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶-同工酶(CK-MB)、羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)、乳酸盐脱氢酶(LDH)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、尿素(urea)含量明显升高(P<0.05),炎症因子白介素-6(IL-6)、单核细胞去化蛋白(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-10(IL-10)、干扰素-γ(INF-γ)以及白介素12(IL-12p70)含量升高明显(P<0.05)。经给药治疗后,各给药组CK、ALT、urea等生化指标含量较模型组有所回调,各给药组IL-6、IL-10、IFN-γ等炎症因子含量较模型组有不同程度的回调;毒性研究中,各给药组生化指标CK、urea、半胱氨酸(CYS-C)的含量较正常组显著升高(P<0.05),炎症因子白介素-10(IL-10)含量明显上升、白介素-12(IL-12p70)含量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论经MXF给药治疗后,肾阳虚外感给药组小鼠的一些生化指标均有不同程度的回调,MXF可通过调节IL-6、IL-10、IFN-γ、MCP-1、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)等炎症因子改善机体的炎症反应;而正常小鼠给予不同剂量的MXF后心脏、肝脏和肾脏功能出现失调,机体通过细胞转移、打破免疫应答的平衡,从而使正常小鼠出现炎症反应。     

中药酊剂临床外用技术规范(草案)

基于对中药酊剂外用技术的数据挖掘,结合临床实际应用研究,经外治学会专家多次论证,形成中药酊剂临床外用技术规范(草案),包括临床适用范围、操作步骤以及外用酊剂的方法、剂量、频率、时间、注意事项、不良反应及护理要点。以期规范中药外用酊剂的临床应用,提高其疗效并减少不良反应。     

刘晓鹰教授“扶中”外治法治疗儿科疾病临床经验浅析

小儿"脾常不足",脾胃之体成而未全,脾胃之气全而未壮,脾胃不足在儿科疾病发生发展、病机转归中占有相当重要的地位。刘晓鹰教授在继承全国名老中医倪珠英学术思想基础上,提出"扶中"外治法,立法取穴方面强调时时顾护小儿中焦脾胃,采用小儿推拿、扶阳罐(含温推、温灸和温刮痧)、针刺(含腹针、揿针)等外治手段治疗儿科脾、肺、肾等系列疾病,取得满意疗效。     

中药离子导入联合中药外敷治疗小儿大叶性肺炎

目的观察中药离子导入联合中药外敷治疗对小儿大叶性肺炎的临床疗效。方法将60例大叶性肺炎患儿随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例,2组均予以西医抗炎对症支持治疗,合并细菌感染者,选用第3代头孢霉素静滴(具体药物及剂量根据血象情况和药敏试验结果而定);合并肺炎支原体感染者,阿奇霉素(希舒美)静滴10 mg/(kg·d),1次/d,连续静滴3 d,停药4 d,再静滴3 d。以及中药外敷治疗,药物由大黄、芒硝、炒芥子、炒桃仁组成。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上加用中药离子导入治疗,中药离子导入仪由北京华医新技术研究所生产,药饼药物组成为石膏、杏仁、麻黄、甘草、儿茶等。以上2组均以7 d为1个疗程,治疗1个疗程后观察临床疗效,并以啰音消失时间进行临床疗效评价。结果治疗组总有效率96.67%,对照组总有效率80%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);治疗组啰音消失时间(5.17±1.60)d短于对照组啰音消失时间(7.57±1.22)d,2组比较差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论中药离子导入联合中药外敷达到疏通经络,清热宣肺,止咳平喘之功。     

中医外治法治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床研究近况

参照近10年相关文献,对治疗过敏性鼻炎的中医外治法进行了梳理分析,总结了临床常用的外治法有针刺疗法、灸法、穴位贴敷、穴位注射、穴位埋线、推拿疗法、特色疗法、局部给药及综合疗法,并分析了各自的优势及有效性,以期为临床治疗过敏性鼻炎提供借鉴。     

Endovascular management of multiple intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas

Background and purposeMultiply occurring intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) have been documented but rarely occur, and neither pathogenesis nor prognosis is clearly understood. This study was conducted to analyze angiographic characteristics of multiple dAVFs and to chronicle our treatment experience.MethodsBetween April, 2002 and January, 2018, data prospectively collected from 310 patients with intracranial dAVFs were systematically reviewed, assessing clinical and anatomic outcomes of endovascular treatment in 32 patients with multiple dAVFs (≥ 2 fistulas each). Lesions were categorized as multifocal or diffuse type, depending on presentation, and further characterized as progressive or non-progressive disease.ResultsOverall, 18 patients (56.3%) experienced aggressive presentations, including intracerebral hemorrhage or venous infarction. Cortical venous reflux (CVR) was observed in 26 patients (81.3%), and sinus thrombosis or occlusion was seen in 24 (75.0%). Clinical outcomes in patients with multifocal fistulas (n = 11) were excellent (100%), marked by a moderately high rate of complete occlusion (54.5%). Those with progressive disease (n = 10) regularly displayed certain angiographic findings, namely diffuse configuration (100%), sinus thrombosis (100%), and CVR (100%). Complete anatomic obliteration was achieved in 12 patients (37.5%), and in 26 patients (81.3%), clinical outcomes were favorable.ConclusionMultiple dAVFs are typically aggressive at presentation, given strong associations with CVR and sinus thrombosis. In diffuse-type fistulas, the potential to recur or progress is high. Although definitive treatment poses a challenge, outcomes of endovascular therapeutics may be still optimized in this setting through strategic procedural modifications and careful follow-up monitoring.