Efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy for sessile serrated polyps ≥ 10 mm: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundCold snare polypectomy (CSP) is a promising technique for the removal of sessile serrated polyps (SSPs) ≥ 10 mm. However, the efficacy and safety of this technique remain undetermined.AimsWe aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of CSP for SSPs ≥ 10 mm.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched up to January 2021.ResultsA total of 10 studies consisting of 1727 SSPs (range, 10–40 mm) from 1021 patients were included. The overall rates of technical success, adverse events (AEs) and residual SSPs were 100%, 0.7% and 2.9%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the rates of technical success and AEs were comparable between CSP and cold endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) (99.9% vs. 100% and 1.3% vs. 0.5%, respectively), between the proximal and distal colon (100% vs. 99.9% and 0.3% vs. 0, respectively), and between polyps of 10–19 mm and ≥20 mm (99.8% vs. 100% and 0.9% vs. 0, respectively). However, subgroup analysis showed that the rate of residual SSPs was slightly lower in CSP compared with cold EMR (1.3% vs. 3.9%), as well as in polyps of 10–19 mm compared with those ≥20 mm (3.1% vs. 4.7%).ConclusionCSP was an effective and safe technique for removing SSPs ≥ 10 mm.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎中医认识初探

新型冠状病毒肺炎中医属"寒湿疫"范畴,以湿邪为病机核心,以肺为病位中心,以脾胃盛衰为疾病进退的关键。治疗与预防调护方面,急性期,卫气同调,宜宣清和化;恢复期,肺脾同治,宜清补轻宣,注重饮食、情志调摄;谨慎使用抗病毒、抗生素、激素及液体疗法。     

重灸中脘穴对脾胃虚寒型糖尿病胃轻瘫患者胃肠激素、胃动力学的影响

目的观察重灸中脘穴对脾胃虚寒型2型糖尿病胃轻瘫患者胃肠激素、胃动力学的影响。方法选取符合纳入标准的88例脾胃虚寒型糖尿病胃轻瘫患者,按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组44例。对照组采用常规药物治疗,治疗组采用重灸中脘穴治疗。疗程结束后记录并对比分析两组临床疗效、胃肠激素[胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MTL)]、胃动力学(胃收缩频率、胃排空时间、胃排空率)、主要临床症状评分等变化。结果治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后GAS、MTL均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后胃收缩频率、胃排空时间、胃排空率均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后主要临床症状评分均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在常规药物治疗基础上重灸中脘穴治疗脾胃虚寒型2型糖尿病胃轻瘫,可调节胃肠激素,改善胃肠动力,促进胃肠功能恢复。     

运用六经辨证治疗子嗽探析

妊娠期间,咳嗽不已,称"妊娠咳嗽",亦称"子嗽",孕妇咳嗽日久未见好转,咳嗽胸痛甚则咳而呕吐,或咳嗽剧烈或久咳不愈,可损伤胎气,导致堕胎、小产。笔者运用六经辨证治疗外感型中表寒里热证子嗽,认为此类患者病在太阳阳明,属于寒热错杂之表寒里热,采用《伤寒论》中方证麻杏甘石汤合止嗽散,使热从外泄,宣发卫气,散寒不助热、解表不伤正,故辨证论治取得了显著的疗效。同时子嗽治疗还需注意健脾固肾安胎,应将顾护胎元贯穿治疗妊娠咳嗽的始终。     

从新型冠状病毒肺炎的寒疫病机探析清肺排毒汤的组方机制

在《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第六版)》中推荐的清肺排毒汤,临床观察疗效显著。笔者拟探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的寒疫病机以及清肺排毒汤的方药组成机制,认为该方能疏解表里、通调三焦,具有宣肺行气、透邪解毒、润燥化湿、逐水泻热的功效,切合COVID-19寒、燥、湿的病机特点,且能有效的针对症状进行治疗,应推广全国各地广泛使用以遏制疫情蔓延。     

祛寒逐风合剂联合西医常规疗法治疗膝骨关节炎风寒痹阻证临床研究

目的观察祛寒逐风合剂联合西医常规疗法对膝骨关节炎风寒痹阻证的临床疗效,以及对关节症状及相关实验室指标的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将94例膝骨关节炎风寒痹阻证患者分为观察组和对照组各47例。对照组采用常规药物疗法+康复训练,观察组在对照组基础上予祛寒逐风合剂,每次50m L,每日3次,口服。2组均连续治疗2周。比较2组临床疗效,观察2组治疗前后美国西大略湖和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)评分、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、压痛指数、中医症状评分,白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、骨钙素、抗酒石酸盐酸性磷酸酶异构体(TRACP)-5b、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、纤维蛋白原、红细胞沉降率和红细胞聚集指数,对2组进行安全性评价。结果观察组总有效率为89.36%(42/47),对照组为74.47%(35/47),观察组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后WOMAC评分、VAS评分、压痛指数、中医症状评分明显下降(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组WOMAC评分、VAS评分、压痛指数、中医症状评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、VEGF、TRACP-5b水平明显下降,骨钙素、BALP水平明显升高(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、VEGF、TRACP-5b水平明显低于对照组,骨钙素、BALP水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,观察组治疗后纤维蛋白原、红细胞沉降率、红细胞聚集指数明显下降(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组血液流变学各项指标明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组均未发生不良反应。结论祛寒逐风合剂联合西医常规疗法治疗膝骨关节炎风寒痹阻证患者疗效较好,可明显改善关节症状及相关实验室指标。     

冷凝集阳性患者的体外循环处理

目的 探讨体外循环(CPB)术中发生冷凝集试验阳性的处理经验。方法 采用最适宜的温度(鼻咽温31．5℃—32．5℃，肛温34℃～35℃)，常温高钾停跳液，CPB大剂量抑肽酶和皮质激素的应用及激活全血凝血时间(ACT)的严格监测等等。结果 术中阻断主动脉65min，心脏自动复跳，术后无中枢神经系统并发症及血红蛋白尿。结论对CPB术中发生冷凝集试验阳性的病人采取综合性的防救措施可以有效的防止红细胞凝集、溶血等不良反应，确保手术安全。     

Does dye laser treatment with higher fluences in combination with cold air cooling improve the results of port‐wine stains?

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The use of cold air cooling (CAC) and cryogen spray cooling during dye laser treatment of port-wine stains (PWS) has become a standard in recent years. Still unsolved is the question of which fluences are necessary in combination with CAC in order to achieve an optimum clearance and the lowest possible rate of side-effects. STUDY DESIGN: In a prospective study, we treated 11 patients with PWS with pulsed dye laser (Photogenica V, Cynosure, lambda = 585 nm, iota(p) = 0.5 ms, spot size = 7 mm). Each PWS was partitioned into three areas: (area 1) 6 J/cm(2) without CAC, (area 2) 6 J/cm(2) with CAC (level 4), (area 3) 9 J/cm(2) with CAC (level 4). RESULTS: Area 3 (mean, 59%) showed a slightly better clearance than area 1 (mean, 57%); in area 2, we observed a reduced clearance (mean, 45%). Compared with area 1, we achieved a reduction of pain through CAC in areas 2 and 3. The healing periods as well as the rate of side-effects were comparable in all areas. CONCLUSION: We observed a slight but not statistically relevant increase in clearance with the use of higher fluences and CAC compared with lower fluences without CAC. Because pain is lowered significantly when using CAC, and because this makes the treatment more comfortable for the patients, we tend to recommend the use of higher fluences (9 J/cm(2)) with simultaneous CAC for treating PWS.     

Cyclosporine overcomes cold preservation/reperfusion injury of liver graft: Chemokine release and liver ultrastructure

There is a growing body of evidence that the cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-ga), plays an important role in the development of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. We found that the immunosuppressants, cyclosporine-A (CsA), azathioprine, and FK506, have protective effects on such injury. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate mechanisms involved in these beneficial effects of the immunosuppressant, CsA, on liver injury following cold preservation and transplantation, with special reference to the suppression of TNF-α release. Rat livers were stored in Euro-Collins solution (EC) at 4°C for 6h and orthotopically transplanted. The animals allotted to two groups: group A (untreated controls) and group B (CsA pretreatment of recipients). CsA (10 mg/kg, p.o.) was given for 3 consecutive days preoperatively. CsA pretreatment of the recipients significantly improved the 2-week survival rate (0/6 for group A, 3/6 for group B;P<0.05) and this was associated with a significant decrease in serum TNF-α levels 2h posttransplantation (group A, 69.8±15.7 pg/ml; group B, 22.8±6.8; mean±SEM;n=12 each;P<0.05) and amelioration of sinusoidal endothelial injury, assessed by electron microscopy. Plasma endotoxin levels following reperfusion of the grafts were not altered by the CsA therapy. Morphologically, CsA pretreatment of the recipients did not alter activation of Kupffer cells. CsA pretreatment of the recipient aids in preventing cold preservation/reperfusion injury of the liver graft, possibly by modulating effects of TNF-α.     

东北地区风寒指数气候特征与冷习服锻炼日期的确定

应用中国东北４８个站１０年的逐日气象资料，分析了风寒指数（Ｖｔ）的候、月、旬、日平均值，据此，提出了各地可供冷习服锻炼的天数及可开始锻炼的日期等。研究结果在生物气候区划和指导部队耐寒锻炼等方面有重要作用，也有助于较精确的估算冷应激强度及寒冷环境对作业能力影响的预测。