Static and dynamic postural control of postpartum women of different delivery methods

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in postural control between nulligravida women and women who have given birth by vaginal or cesarean section.MethodsWomen who had only vaginal delivery in the previous 1–3 years were included in the vaginal delivery group (n = 27), those who had only cesarean delivery in the previous 1–3 years were included in the cesarean section group (n = 28), and those who had never given birth were included in the control group (n = 32). Evaluations were administered 6–8 days after the ovulation phase. Postural control of the participants was evaluated with the computerized dynamic posturography device.ResultsA total of 87 women with a mean age of 29.4 ± 4 years and a mean body mass index of 24.1 ± 3.1 kg/m² were included in the study. Antero-posterior somatosensory organization test values of the vaginal delivery group were lower than the control group (p = 0.0016). The cesarean delivery group had statistically lower antero-posterior somatosensory (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0013) and medio-lateral somatosensory (p = 0.002 and p = 0.017, respectively) test scores compared to the control group and the vaginal delivery group.ConclusionsIt was observed that women who birthed with vaginal or cesarean delivery had impaired somatosensory postural control. There is definitely a need for further studies with a long-term follow-up examining the effects of postural control during pregnancy and the postpartum period.     

阴道顺产与剖宫产对初产妇产后早期盆底功能的影响比较

目的研究阴道顺产与剖宫产对初产妇产后早期盆底功能的影响。方法选择2020年1月至12月在阳春市人民医院产科中心分娩的120例初产妇展开研究,按照分娩方式的不同分为对照组与观察组,每组各60例。对照组为阴道顺产,观察组采用剖宫产,两组均在产后第6周进行早期盆底功能检查,并进行盆底康复治疗,比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的尿失禁、阴道脱垂、子宫脱垂发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后的盆底肌力分级情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后的膀胱颈与耻骨联合下缘水平线间的垂直距离(BSD)高于对照组,膀胱尿道后角(RA)、膀胱颈移动度(BND)低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阴道顺产对于盆底功能及盆腔结构的不良影响大于剖宫产,盆底功能障碍性疾病发生率更高,而康复治疗可有效改善阴道顺产、剖宫产初产妇的盆底功能,剖宫产初产妇的盆底功能恢复更好。     

160例阴道分泌物检验结果分析

目的 通过对阴道分泌物检验结果的统计分析,了解妇科阴道感染性疾病的病原体分布情况及相关影响因素,对妇科阴道疾病的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。方法 回顾性分析2018年3~9月在本院妇科门诊就诊的160例患者的阴道分泌物的检验结果 ,根据年龄将160例患者分为<20岁组(15例)、20~29岁组(50例)、30~39岁组(40例)、40~49岁组(40例)、≥50岁组(15例)5组。结果 160例患者中,阴道清洁度:Ⅰ度14例(8.75%),Ⅱ度62例(38.75%),Ⅲ度48例(30.00%),Ⅳ度36例(22.50%)。阴道清洁度Ⅰ和Ⅱ度患者中白假丝酵母菌、滴虫和加特纳球菌的检出率明显均低于Ⅲ和Ⅳ度,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。30~39岁组、40~49岁组患者中白假丝酵母菌、加特纳球菌和滴虫的检出率明显高于<20岁组和20~29岁组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 阴道感染性疾病与阴道清洁度、年龄等因素相关,阴道分泌物检查对于妇科阴道感染性疾病的鉴别诊断和治疗具有重要意义。     

瘢痕子宫再次妊娠产妇行椎管内分娩镇痛的效果

目的观察瘢痕子宫再次妊娠产妇行椎管内分娩镇痛的安全性和有效性。方法选择2017年5月至2018年4月我院收治的瘢痕子宫再次妊娠同意阴道试产单胎足月头位产妇101例,随机选取分娩镇痛产妇70例为观察组,其中硬膜外分娩镇痛(E组)36例,腰-硬联合分娩镇痛(C组)34例,同期未镇痛产妇31例为对照组(N组)。记录产妇各产程时间、出血量、新生儿1、5 min Apgar评分、阴道分娩、产钳助产、子宫破裂情况,记录镇痛前、给药后5、10、20 min产妇NRS评分和Bromage评分。结果与N组比较,E组和C组第二产程时间明显延长(P0.05);E组出血量高于N组及C组,但差异无统计学意义。三组第一、第三产程时间、新生儿1、5 min Apgar评分、阴道分娩、产钳助产、子宫破裂发生率差异无统计学意义;镇痛后E组和C组NRS评分均呈下降趋势。与E组比较,C组NRS评分明显降低(P0.05)。结论瘢痕子宫再次妊娠产妇采用椎管内分娩镇痛安全可行,不降低阴道分娩率,不增加出血量以及产钳助产、子宫破裂发生率。腰-硬联合分娩镇痛较硬膜外分娩镇痛的镇痛效果好。     

人乳头瘤病毒感染和阴道微环境紊乱与宫颈病变的关系

目的 探讨人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染和阴道微环境紊乱与宫颈病变的关系及其交互效应。方法 从课题组前期建立的自然人群队列中选取基线调查时确定的正常宫颈（NC）妇女623人、低度宫颈病变（CIN Ⅰ）妇女303人及高度宫颈病变（CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ）妇女93人为研究对象。以NC为对照组、CIN为病例组，采用病例对照研究方法，在收集研究对象人口学特征、生殖情况、生活习惯、既往病史宫颈病变相关因素的基础上，应用导流杂交法检测HPV分型，需氧菌性阴道炎/细菌性阴道炎联合检测试剂盒检测阴道分泌物中的H₂O₂，精密pH试纸检测阴道pH值，涂片法检测阴道清洁度。利用SPSS 20.0软件进行相关资料的分析。结果 HPV（CINⅠ：aOR=1.39，95% CI：1.01~1.90；CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ：aOR=11.74，95% CI：6.96~19.80）、H₂O₂（CINⅠ：aOR=2.09，95% CI：1.47~2.98；CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ：aOR=4.12，95% CI：2.01~8.43）、清洁度（CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ：aOR=2.62，95% CI：1.65~4.14）和综合指标（CIN Ⅰ：aOR=1.67，95% CI：1.24~2.25；CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ：aOR=4.24，95% CI：2.30~7.81）均可增加宫颈病变的患病风险，随着宫颈病变的进展，HPV（趋势性χ²=81.33，P<0.001）感染率、阴道pH值（趋势性χ²=5.06，P=0.024）、H₂O₂（趋势性χ²=26.19，P<0.001）、清洁度（趋势性χ²=19.55，P<0.001）和综合指标（趋势性χ²=30.50，P<0.001）的异常率均呈逐渐升高趋势。交互作用分析显示，HPV感染与阴道微环境的综合指标在CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ组中显示有正相加交互作用，而无论HPV感染与否，阴道微环境紊乱致CIN Ⅰ的OR值比较接近。结论 HPV感染和阴道微环境紊乱均可增加宫颈病变的患病风险，尤其在CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ发生发展中两者可能存在协同作用，而在CIN Ⅰ发生中阴道微环境紊乱的作用不可忽视。     

MRI量化指标对产前胎盘植入选择治疗方案的预测价值

目的探讨MR对胎盘植入产前治疗方案选择的应用价值。方法回顾性分析29例确诊为胎盘植入的产前MRI图像,观察指标包括胎盘植入部位、胎盘植入附着面的最大径线D_1、D_1与胎盘最大径线D_2比值D_(1/2)、胎盘植入部位T2WI低信号影距离子宫肌层的长度L_1、L_1与胎盘厚度L_2比值L_(1/2)及胎盘植入部位T2WI低信号基底宽R。针对子宫切除与否,采用Fisher精确概率检验、独立样本t检验和ROC曲线对各参数进行统计学分析。结果胎盘植入部位(P=1.000)、基底宽R(t=1.08,P=0.299)对子宫切除与否的均数比较差异不具有统计学意义;D_1(t=4.44,P=0.001)、D_(1/2)(t=6.04,P=0.000)、L_1(t=5.05,P=0.000)、L_(1/2)(t=4.77,P=0.000)两者之间均数差别具有统计学意义,子宫切除的临界值分别为72.75mm、0.205、17.50mm、0.409,其相应ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.922、0.956、0.944、0.917。结论 MR对胎盘植入产前治疗方案的选择具有一定参考价值。     

Laparoscopic versus open radical hysterectomy in women with early stage cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

This review aimed to evaluate the short term and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) versus abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH) for early-stage cervical cancer. A search of PubMed, Medline and Scopus databased from 2000 to 2018 was conducted. Thirty studies were retrieved including 22 retrospective cohort studies and 8 prospective cohort studies. LRH was comparable with ARH in 5-year overall survival (RR = 1.0. 95%CI 0.98–1.03; p = 0.33) and 5-year disease-free survival (RR = 1.02 95%CI 0.97–1.06; p = 0.98). The majority of included studies reported the negative cancer factors which drive adjuvant therapy were similar between two approaches. LRH was associated with lower blood loss and blood transfusion, less postoperative complication, shorter hospital stays and similar intraoperative complication rate compared to ARH. Our data suggested LRH for early-stage cervical cancer was as safe and effective in terms of long-term outcomes, but with lower surgical morbidities.