基础率分段系数法在戴胰岛素泵患者基础率初设中的应用

目的：观察基础率分段系数法在戴胰岛素泵患者基础率初设中的应用。方法：将戴胰岛素泵患者191例随机分为四组，分别采用查表法、0，7系数法、0．6＋0．1系数法、0．6-0．1系数法来初设胰岛素泵的基础率。戴泵后分别监测四组患者的空腹、午餐前、晚餐前、睡前血糖。结果：四种方法在各点血糖控制上并无明显统计学差异。结论：基础率分段系数法适合多数戴胰岛素泵患者基础率的初设，可以代替查表法。     

软骨链蛋白在小鼠体内分布和代谢的示踪研究

目的　研究软骨链蛋白125I的标记和在小鼠体内的分布与代谢，为该蛋白质在肿瘤、软骨、结缔组织疾病以及地方病等领域的基础研究提供方法学指导和代谢参数.方法　氯胺-T法标记软骨链蛋白，亲和凝胶层析法分离标记物进行体内示踪研究.结果　软骨链蛋白标记率为89.90%，放射化学纯度为92.77%,样品比活度为8.13×10     

聊城市城区公职人员代谢综合征患病率的调查分析

目的 探讨聊城市城区公职人员成人代谢综合征的患病情况，为积极地进行早期、有效的预防，进行有针对性的护理干预提供依据。方法 选择2005年1-12月聊城市城区参加查体公职人员资料齐全的9362人，按年龄共分6组进行调查分析。结果经性别年龄调整后成人患代谢紊乱1项以上的总患病率59．54％，其中男性为64．24％，女性为54．14％，患3项以上，即代谢综合征患病率为14．67％，其中男性为15．08％，女性为14．19％。结论 本研究发现60岁以上为成人代谢综合征的高发人群，且发现代谢综合征及其相关疾病的患病率随着年龄增加呈现增长趋势，应对该人群进行早期全面的护理干预。     

骨疏康颗粒对原发性骨质疏松大鼠血清护骨素表达及骨密度的影响

目的观察骨疏康颗粒对原发性骨质疏松大鼠血清护骨素表达及骨密度的影响。方法 40只健康雌性SD大鼠切除双侧卵巢后3个月随机分为治疗组、对照组,各20只,对照组予密盖息注射液皮下注射,治疗组予骨疏康颗粒悬浊液灌胃,2组均连续用药3个月。于治疗前及治疗后1、2、4、6、8、12周测定大鼠血清护骨素(OPG)表达水平及同期骨密度值。结果治疗组治疗前及治疗后1、2、4、6、8、12周血清OPG水平与对照组同期比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);2组血清OPG水平均于治疗后1周开始升高,2周达峰值,6周后下降,12周达最低值。治疗组治疗前及治疗后1、2、4、6、8、12周骨密度与对照组同期比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);2组骨密度于治疗后6周开始明显升高,12周达到峰值。结论血清OPG水平较骨密度值变化更敏感;骨疏康颗粒与密盖息注射液治疗原发性骨质疏松症疗效相当。     

Uranyl nitrate inhibits lactate gluconeogenesis in isolated human and mouse renal proximal tubules: A C-NMR study

As part of a study on uranium nephrotoxicity, we investigated the effect of uranyl nitrate in isolated human and mouse kidney cortex tubules metabolizing the physiological substrate lactate. In the millimolar range, uranyl nitrate reduced lactate removal and gluconeogenesis and the cellular ATP level in a dose-dependent fashion. After incubation in phosphate-free Krebs-Henseleit medium with 5 mM l-[1-¹³C]-, or l-[2-¹³C]-, or l-[3-¹³C]lactate, substrate utilization and product formation were measured by enzymatic and NMR spectroscopic methods. In the presence of 3 mM uranyl nitrate, glucose production and the intracellular ATP content were significantly reduced in both human and mouse tubules. Combination of enzymatic and NMR measurements with a mathematical model of lactate metabolism revealed an inhibition of fluxes through lactate dehydrogenase and the gluconeogenic enzymes in the presence of 3 mM uranyl nitrate; in human and mouse tubules, fluxes were lowered by 20% and 14% (lactate dehydrogenase), 27% and 32% (pyruvate carboxylase), 35% and 36% (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase), and 39% and 45% (glucose-6-phosphatase), respectively. These results indicate that natural uranium is an inhibitor of renal lactate gluconeogenesis in both humans and mice.     

重度脑损伤早期鼻饲肠内营养的应用研究

目的：探讨持续滴注的鼻饲方法作为重症脑外伤后早期营养支持的临床应用和效果，方法：GCS评分4－8分的脑损伤病人92例作前瞻性研究，实验组于早期（伤后48小时）持续滴注鼻饲要素膳，静脉营养补充不足，对照组按传统方法伤后6天鼻饲流质，结果，GCS评分5分以上的病人能较好在受持续滴注的鼻饲营养方法，实验组的氮平衡等营养指标》均明显优于对照组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01），神志恢复快，生存质量也显著改善，结论；脑损伤早期可安全地实施持续滴注的鼻饲营养，静脉营养配合有利于为病人提供足够的营养底物，对维护胃肠道结构和功能，促进营养状态和预后恢复十分有利。     

恒速静脉输注异丙酚时脑摄取的研究

目的研究恒速静脉输注异丙酚时脑摄取与输注速率、输注时间的关系.方法14例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期手术患者,随机分为A、B两组,恒速静脉输注异丙酚的速率分别为6、12mg.kg-1@h-1,持续30～35min.于给药后不同时点同步采取桡动脉及颈内静脉球部血样,以高效液相色谱-荧光法检测异丙酚的血药浓度.结果恒速静脉输注异丙酚起始15min,两组桡动脉血药浓度(Ca)随时间逐渐升高,15min后维持恒定不变;A组颈内静脉球部血药浓度(Cijbv)静注异丙酚30min期间随时间升高,但低于相应Ca(P＜0.05),30～35min时维持恒定,并接近于Ca;而B组Cijbv静注异丙酚20min期间随时间升高,但低于相应Ca(P＜0.05),20～30min时维持恒定,并接近于Ca;脑摄取达稳态前各时点累积桡动脉、颈内静脉球部血药浓度-时间曲线下累积面积差(AUCa-v)组间差异显著(P＜0.05).结论恒速静脉输注异丙酚麻醉脑摄取达平衡前,异丙酚摄取量呈速率和时间依赖性.异丙酚脑摄取动态平衡滞后于动脉血药浓度的平衡.人脑对异丙酚基本无代谢或代谢极少.     

Role of vagal afferent innervation in feeding and brain Fos expression produced by metabolic inhibitors

Hepatic vagal afferent fibers have been implicated in the feeding responses initiated by administration of 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol (2,5-AM; an inhibitor of hepatic metabolism) and methyl palmoxirate (MP; an inhibitor of fat metabolism). 2,5-AM and MP also increase brain Fos expression, an indicator of neural activity, which suggests that Fos expression can reveal the central neural pathways involved in the stimulation of feeding by these agents. To more closely test the hypothesis that brain Fos expression is related to the effects of 2,5-AM and MP on feeding, the vagus was lesioned by application of capsaicin, which destroys afferent fibers, directly to the cervical vagi. Perivagal capsaicin treatment blocked 2,5-AM-induced eating and attenuated MP-induced eating. Although perivagal capsaicin treatment attenuated MP-induced Fos expression, capsaicin treatment did not affect brain Fos expression produced by 2,5-AM. It is concluded that (1) brain Fos expression is not always related to the effects of 2,5-AM on feeding, (2) capsaicin-sensitive hepatic vagal afferent fibers carry the signal that stimulates feeding following 2,5-AM treatment, and (3) MP-induced feeding and brain Fos expression is mediated in part by capsaicin-sensitive fibers.     

Blood Ethanol Concentrations in Rats Drinking Sucrose/Ethanol Solutions

BACKGROUND: The addition of sucrose to ethanol solutions results in a substantial increase in ethanol self-administration by rats that are deprived of neither food nor water. However, if sucrose alters ethanol absorption or metabolism, resulting in blood ethanol concentrations (BECs) not different from those resulting from lower intakes of ethanol/water solutions, then the usefulness of sucrose/ethanol mixtures in increasing ethanol consumption is questionable. The present study was conducted to determine whether the addition of sucrose to ethanol solutions altered BECs in an operant self-administration paradigm. METHODS: Tail blood (from male Long-Evans rats) was collected 30 min after the intake of four different solutions, i.e., 5% sucrose/20% ethanol, 5% sucrose/10% ethanol, 2% sucrose/10% ethanol, and 10% ethanol. RESULTS: Ethanol intakes (mean, 1.57+/-0.21 g/kg) and BECs (mean, 78.4+/-9.3 mg/100 ml) were highest when 5% sucrose was added to the ethanol solution. Moreover, the ratios between ethanol intakes and resulting BECs were approximately the same for all solutions. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that, under the conditions of this procedure, the BEC reached is dependent on the amount of ethanol consumed and is not influenced by the addition of sucrose to the solution.     

补肾强督方对50例强直性脊柱炎继发骨质疏松症患者血清骨保护素、骨密度及骨代谢的影响

目的 研究补肾强督方对强直性脊柱炎(AS)继发骨质疏松症患者的疗效及机理.方法 应用补肾强督方治疗50例AS骨质疏松症患者6个月,检测患者治疗前后血清骨保护素(OPG)、骨密度,血清骨钙素(BGP)、降钙素(H-CT)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端延长肽(CICP)、尿脱氧吡啶啉(DPD)、Ⅰ型胶原交联C末端肽(CTX)、血沉(ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CRP),观察治疗前后患者功能指数(BASFI)、病情活动指数(BASDI)及症状、体征的变化.结果治疗后患者血清OPG水平、骨密度、BGP、BAP显著升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),DPD、CTX显著下降(P＜0.01);ESR、CRP、BASFI、BASDAI、症状、体征等明显改善.结论 补肾强督方可以提高AS患者的血清OPG、骨密度水平,调节AS患者的骨代谢及免疫水平.