基于LASSO回归对冠心病相关血脂指标的筛选

目的利用LASSO回归分析筛选出与冠心病密切相关的血脂指标。方法选取2013年5月至2015年11月在济宁医学院附属医院心内科住院并诊断为冠心病的患者3062例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。按照冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组(n=2427)和对照组(n=635)。统计分析用R语言。建立冠心病相关血脂指标的多元逻辑回归模型,评估模型多重共线性的严重程度。利用LASSO回归筛选出冠心病预测模型中具有代表性的血脂指标。结果研究对象共入选患者3062例,其中冠心病组2427例,对照组635例。将血脂指标同时纳入多元逻辑回归模型后导致了模型较严重的共线性,逐步回归(stepwise)只能够在部分地减少共线性的严重程度,而LASSO回归模型显著减少了共线性的严重程度。经过LASSO回归分析,发现低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,non-HDL-C)是预测冠心病的代表性的血脂指标。结论LASSO回归在处理多重共线性的样本数据时有优势。LASSO回归发现LDL-C、HDL-C和non-HDL-C是预测冠心病的代表性的血脂指标。     

腹腔镜胃癌手术的路径

The operation path, lymph node dissection and reconstruction of the alimentary tract are the three most technical difficulties of laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy. The essential difference between laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy and open gastrectomy is the operation path. Based on our clinical experience, we investigated reasonable paths for laparoscopyassisted gastrectomy. Patients were placed in a supine position with their legs apart, and the operator stood on the left side of the patient. Five trocars were placed in the abdominal wall in a curved line. The operation was carried out in the order of greater gastric curvature, the lower region of the pylorus and antrum,the upper region of the pancreas, omentum minus, cardia, and arcuate diaphragm. From May 2004 to April 2010, we successfully carried out 761 laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomies with satisfactory outcomes.     

应用达芬奇机器人手术系统治疗胃癌

With the development of instrumentation and surgical techniques,laparoscopic gastrectomy has become a promising surgical option for the treatment of gastric cancer.While laparoscopic gastrectomy is high technique-demanding,which hampered its popularization.Compared with traditional laparoscopes,Da Vinci surgical system has more special features,such as flexible robotic arms and three-dimensional imaging,which facilitates surgical procedures.A 58-year-old male patient with gastric cancer underwent Da Vinci surgical system-assisted radical total gastrectomy at the Southwest Hospital in March 2010.The mean operation time and blood loss were 270 minutes and 60 ml,respectively,and the number of dissected lymph nodes was 21.The short-term clinical effect was perfect without postoperative complications.Da Vinci surgical system-assisted radical total gastrectomy is safe and feasible,and it brings challenges to conventional laparoscopes.     

腹腔镜全胃切除术后食管空肠半端端吻合21例

目的探讨腹腔镜全胃切除术后消化道重建的新方法及其效果。方法对21例胃癌行腹腔镜全胃切除术后患者,采用食管空肠半端端吻合的方法进行Roux-en-Y消化道重建。结果全组患者均成功完成腹腔镜全胃切除、食管空肠半端端吻合术。手术时间（25±37）min,其中吻合时间为（51±19）min。术中平均出血量为（89±48）ml。术后住院天数（8±3）d。术后近期恢复良好。无并发症出现。结论腹腔镜全胃切除术后食管空肠半端端吻合方法安全可行,操作简单,吻合时间短．并可有效避免吻合口狭窄等并发症的发生。     

食管癌常规放疗与三维适形放疗致放射性肺损伤的比较

目的:应用三维治疗计划系统评价食管癌采用常规放疗(CRT)与三维适形放疗(3D-CRT)技术照射时肺体积-剂量关系,比较两种放疗技术所致放射性肺炎的发生率,以明确食管癌采用三维适形放疗的优势。方法:60例食管中段鳞癌患者,普通放疗组30例,适形放疗组30例,两组均予处方剂量66-68GY/33-34F,2GY/F,5F/W,用剂量体积直方图(DVH)比较两种技术照射下肺V20、V30、Dmean及放射性肺炎的发生率。结果:60例患者均顺利完成治疗,常规放疗下肺V20、V30、Dmean、NTCP较3D-CRT的百分比高。结论:食管中段癌如采用适形放疗,正常肺组织受到照射的体积、剂量相对较低,3D-CRT可更好的保护正常肺组织,减少放射性肺炎的发生。     

腹腔镜胃癌根治术726例的疗效分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜胃癌根治术的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2010年4月第三军医大学西南医院收治的726例行腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者的临床资料.分析本组患者手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目、住院时间、并发症发生率等各项指标.计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用x2检验,生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法.结果 726例患者中707例成功实施腹腔镜胃癌根治术,19例中转开腹.平均手术时间为(179±52)min,术中平均出血量为(87±51)ml,平均淋巴结清扫数目为(33±14)枚,手术切除标本近、远切缘距肿瘤边缘距离分别为(6.3±1.9)cm和(5.6±1.7)cm.术后平均肛门排气时间为(2.9±1.4)d,术后平均进流质饮食时间为(3.1±1.7)d,术后平均住院时间为(7.9±3.5)d,术中并发症发生率为2.2%(16/726);术后并发症发生率为4.0%(29/726).随访时间6～82个月,平均48.3个月,患者5年总体生存率为58.4%.结论 腹腔镜胃癌根治术具有创伤小,并发症少,术后恢复快等优点,临床疗效较满意.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy for patients with gastric cancer. Methods The clinical data of 726 patients who received laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer at the Southwest Hospital from January 2004 to April 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The operation time, operative blood loss, number of lymph nodes dissected, length of hospital stay and mobidity were evaluated using t test or chi-square test. The survival of the patients were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method.Results Laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy was successfully carried out on 707 patients, and 19 patients were converted to open surgery. The mean operation time, operative blood loss, number of lymph nodes dissected were (179 ±52)minutes, (87 ±51) ml and 33 ± 14, respectively. The average distances of proximal and distal resection margin to the tumors were (6.3 ± 1.9)cm and (5.6 ± 1.7)cm, respectively. The average time to flatus, time to fluid diet and length of hospital stay were (2.9 ± 1.4) days, (3.1 ± 1.7) days and (7.9 ± 3.5) days,respectively. The peri- and postoperative mobidities were 2.2% (16/726) and 4.0% (29/726), respectively. A total of 685 patients were followed up for 6-82 months (mean, 48.3 months), and the 5-year survival rate was 58.4%. Conclusions Laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy is a feasible procedure with minimal trauma, low morbidity and quick recovery of patients.     

IL-6通过SOCS3诱导小鼠髓源性DCs分化成熟障碍的分子机制研究

目的 观察IL-6诱导小鼠髓源性DCs分化成熟障碍过程中SOCS3的表达变化并探讨其分子机制.方法分离小鼠骨髓细胞,采用黏附法结合GM -CSF和IL-4刺激法在体外培养髓源性DCs (BMDCs).用LPS诱导iDCs成熟,采用Real-Time RT-PCR和Western blot方法,观察IL-6处理前后LPS诱导的BMDCs中SOCS3表达的变化,并用甲基化特异性PCR观察SOCS3启动子CpG岛的甲基化状态.结果 Real-Time RT-PCR和Western blot结果显示,LPS能显著诱导BMDCs SOCS3 mRNA和蛋白的表达上调;而经过IL-6处理后,LPS诱导BMDCs SOCS3 mRNA和蛋白表达上调的能力被显著抑制(P＜0.05).甲基化特异性PCR与单独用LPS处理的BMDCs相比,经IL-6处理后的BMDCs SOCS13启动子区CpG岛被甲基化.结论 IL-6通过诱导SOCS3基因启动子区CpG岛的甲基化来抑制SOCS3表达,进而阻遏iDCs分化成熟,促进胃癌等肿瘤细胞侵袭转移.     

胃癌4K腹腔镜手术操作标准专家共识(2020版)

胃癌是我国常见恶性肿瘤,其发病率在恶性肿瘤中排名第2位,病死率排名第3位,每年新发及死亡病例数均接近全世界的50%[1-2]。胃癌的治疗是以手术为核心的综合性治疗,手术的彻底性,手术操作的规范化与标准化都对患者预后具有重要影响。我国胃癌患者主要以进展期为主,胃癌D2淋巴结清扫术作为患者治疗的标准手术方式已广泛开展[3-4]。     

宫颈癌术后放疗不同体位膀胱充盈程度对危及器官的影响

目的:探讨宫颈癌术后患者不同体位固定下膀胱充盈对宫颈癌危及器官的剂量学影响。方法:回顾性分析南通市肿瘤医院已经接受容积调强弧形治疗技术放疗的宫颈癌术后患者，通过放疗治疗计划系统对膀胱体积进行测量，分别筛选出行两种固定方法（仰卧位组与俯卧位组）的患者共86例，每组43例。分析两组患者剂量体积直方图中膀胱、小肠、直肠、乙状结肠、结肠的V30、V40及平均受量（Dmean）。通过表格对采集数据生成趋势图并读出每条趋势线R平方值。结果:两组患者的膀胱、小肠、直肠、乙状结肠、结肠的Dmean、V30无统计学意义（P>0.05），俯卧位下膀胱、直肠、乙状结肠、结肠较仰卧位的V40有统计学意义（P<0.05）。俯卧位下膀胱充盈程度与各危及器官的V30、V40、Dmean对应数据拟合度较高，随着膀胱容量的增加，各危及器官的受量降低。结论:宫颈癌治疗行俯卧位对于危及器官的保护优于仰卧位，膀胱体积的增大会使各危及器官照射剂量降低。