连接酶链反应(LCR)技术检测男性尿标本的淋病奈瑟菌

目的应用连接酶链反应（LCR）技术检测男性尿标本中的淋病奈瑟菌,初步评价其敏感性和特异性。方法采集受检者晨起或较长时间（2小时以上）不排尿后的首段尿（FVU）标本1131例,利用LCR检测此尿液标本中的淋球菌,针对Cut-off值在灰区以上的标本进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测。对LCR和PCR结果相异的标本,用另一LCR试剂复检,参照“扩大的金标准”来确定检测结果。结果LCR的敏感性和特异性分别为100％和99．9％。结论LCR作为一种探针检测技术,是一种既敏感又特异的诊断方法,可避免取尿道标本给患者带来的痛苦,可作为筛检男性淋病奈瑟菌感染的一种非损伤性方法。     

上海口岸饮食和公共场所从业人员肠道沙门氏菌调查分析

对上海口岸饮食和公共场所从业人群检测沙门氏菌4856人次，鉴定出沙门氏菌29株，阳性检出率为0．597％，其中以8月份最高，为1．339％。检出的沙门氏菌6个菌群和10个血清型，菌群检出以B群为主（占44．8％），菌型以鼠伤寒（24．1％）、山夫登堡（20．7％）、阿贡纳（17．2％）为多。[编者按]     

嗜肺军团菌环介导等温扩增检测方法的建立及应用简

目的建立一种灵敏、快速、安全、方便适合口岸现场应用的嗜肺军团菌检测方法。方法分析嗜肺军团菌基因组序列,选择特异性基因片段设计引物,建立环介导等温扩增（loop mediated isothermal amplification,LMAP）方法,并优化反应条件。结果建立的方法特异性好,灵敏度可达103cfu/ml,检测能力与荧光定量PCR法相当。结论应用环介导恒温扩增技术建立的嗜肺军团菌检测方法,灵敏度高,特异性好,适合现场快速检测。     

输入性HIV/AIDS危险因素分析及风险管理措施初探

目的分析输入性艾滋病病毒感染病例(HIV/AIDS)对我国艾滋病防控的风险,探讨有效的风险管理措施。方法回顾上海口岸2003—2012年出入境人群HIV/AIDS监测结果,与全国艾滋病疫情情况比较,分析口岸HIV/AIDS的流行病学特征。结果 2003—2012年上海口岸共对598 104名出入境人群进行HIV感染监测,共检出HIV/AIDS感染184例,总检出率为30.76/10万,男女比例为7:1。其中,入境人群HIV感染总检出率为42.19/10万,年度检出率呈逐年上升趋势,出境人群检出率为12.57/10万。20~50岁感染者占90.76%;性接触传播占77.18%,其中异性传播占43.48%,男男性传播占33.70%。入境留学生HIV感染率(54.65/10万)与入境就业人群感染率(45.01/10万)相当。结论入境人群HIV/AIDS检出率较高,输入性HIV/AIDS感染存在人数增加、人员流动性大、高危行为机率高,易导致疾病向普通人群扩散等风险。应通过口岸把关、源头监管、协作保障等风险管理措施予以应对。     

连接酶链反应技术在淋球菌和沙眼衣原体检测中的应用

[目的]研究1种既高度敏感又高度特异的淋球菌和沙眼衣原体的实验室诊断方法。[方法]采用连接酶链反应技术(LCR)对受捡者的尿液标本进行淋球菌和沙眼衣原体的检测。[结果]在1128份标本中，共检测出淋球菌阳性样品8份，阳性捡出率为0．71％(8／1128)，沙眼衣原体阳性标本38份，阳性检出率为3．37％(38／1128)，其中共有5份标本为淋球菌和沙眼衣原体双阳性标本，阳性检出率为0．44％(5／1128)。[结论]作为1种探针检测技术，连接酶反应技术可用于淋球菌、沙眼衣原体等多种病原体的实验室检测。     

低机械指数实时超声造影对增强CT漏诊肝细胞癌的诊断价值

目的探讨低机械指数实时超声造影对增强CT漏诊肝细胞癌的诊断价值。方法对增强螺旋CT漏诊的32例肝细胞癌患者术前进行低机械指数实时超声造影，并与手术或穿刺活检病理结果比较，评估其诊断价值。结果增强螺旋CT漏诊的32例肝细胞癌患者中，29例超声测量病灶直径≤2cm，彩色多普勒超声确诊13例，低机械指数实时超声造影确诊28例（P〈0．01）。结论低机械指数脉冲反向谐波实时超声造影对增强螺旋CT漏诊肝细胞癌有较高的诊断准确性，具有独立诊断价值，对于增强螺旋CT扫描阴性的病例，具有重要的临床应用价值。     

一种国产HBsAg确认试剂的临床应用评价

Objective To carry out the clinical validation of a domestic HBsAg kit to evaluate its application value. Methods 543 serum samples with HBsAg ELISA values of S/CO ≥ 0. 7 were tested by HBsAg confirmatory test. Specific anti-HBs reagent and control reagent were added separately into duplicate wells of HBsAg ELISA plate, in which test sample was also added. After incubation at 37℃, HBsAg was detected by routine ELISA, and the inhibition rate was calculated using absorbanee (A) result of anti-HBs reagent well and control reagent well according to the provided formula. The sample was confirmed as HBsAg positive when the inhibition rate was≥50%. For HBsAg weakly positive samples, "prolonged confirmatory test" (conjugate reaction time was prolonged to 120 rain) was applied to increase the sensitivity. 39 samples were randomized selected for testing and comparison with Abbott Murex confirmatory test. Results 543 serum samples in total were tested by the confirmatory test. Among the 504 cases which showed positive reaction in screening HBsAg ELISA, 89 ( 17. 7% ) were confirmed as negative. According to their S/CO value of the screening HBsAg test, the ratio of negative cases / tested eases in the group were:S/CO≤<5.0, 87/143 (60. 8% ) ;5.0 < S/CO ≤ 10. 0,0/25 (0) ;10. 0 < S/CO ≤ 15.0, 1/21 (4. 8% ) ;15.0 < S/CO ≤ 20. 0, 1/23 (4. 4% ) ;S/CO 20. 0, 0/292(0). Among 39 cases with negative HBsAg (0. ≤相似文献   

一种国产HBsAg确认试剂的临床应用评价

Objective To carry out the clinical validation of a domestic HBsAg kit to evaluate its application value. Methods 543 serum samples with HBsAg ELISA values of S/CO ≥ 0. 7 were tested by HBsAg confirmatory test. Specific anti-HBs reagent and control reagent were added separately into duplicate wells of HBsAg ELISA plate, in which test sample was also added. After incubation at 37℃, HBsAg was detected by routine ELISA, and the inhibition rate was calculated using absorbanee (A) result of anti-HBs reagent well and control reagent well according to the provided formula. The sample was confirmed as HBsAg positive when the inhibition rate was≥50%. For HBsAg weakly positive samples, "prolonged confirmatory test" (conjugate reaction time was prolonged to 120 rain) was applied to increase the sensitivity. 39 samples were randomized selected for testing and comparison with Abbott Murex confirmatory test. Results 543 serum samples in total were tested by the confirmatory test. Among the 504 cases which showed positive reaction in screening HBsAg ELISA, 89 ( 17. 7% ) were confirmed as negative. According to their S/CO value of the screening HBsAg test, the ratio of negative cases / tested eases in the group were:S/CO≤<5.0, 87/143 (60. 8% ) ;5.0 < S/CO ≤ 10. 0,0/25 (0) ;10. 0 < S/CO ≤ 15.0, 1/21 (4. 8% ) ;15.0 < S/CO ≤ 20. 0, 1/23 (4. 4% ) ;S/CO 20. 0, 0/292(0). Among 39 cases with negative HBsAg (0. ≤相似文献   

连接酶链反应检测男性尿标本中沙眼衣原体

[目的]应用连接酶链反应技术检测男性尿标本中的沙眼衣原体，初步评价其敏感性和特异性。[方法]采集受检者晨起或较长时间（2h以上）不排尿后的首段尿（FVU）标本1131份，利用连接酶链反应技术（LCR）对尿液标本进行沙眼衣原体检测，针对临界值灰区以上的标本进行PCR检测。对LCR和PCR结果相异的标本，用另一LCR试剂进行复检，参照“扩大的金标准”来确定检测结果。[结果]。LCR的敏感性和特异性分别为97．5％和98．4％。[结论]LCR作为一种探针检测技术，是一种既敏感又特异的诊断方法，可避免取尿道标本给患者带来的痛苦，可作为筛检男性沙眼衣原体感染的一种非损伤性方法。