HDL anti-oxidant function associates with LDL level in young adults

Objectives

The primary objective was to evaluate predictors of HDL anti-oxidant function in young adults.

Background

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is considered a protective factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, increased levels are not always associated with decreased cardiovascular risk. A better understanding of the importance of HDL functionality and how it affects CVD risk is needed.

Methods

Fifty non-Hispanic white subjects from the Testing Responses on Youth (TROY) study were randomly selected to investigate whether differences in HDL anti-oxidant function are associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), arterial stiffness and other inflammatory/metabolic parameters. HDL anti-oxidant capacity was evaluated by assessing its ability to inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol oxidation by air using a DCF-based fluorescent assay and expressed as a HDL oxidant index (HOI). The associations between HOI and other variables were assessed using both linear and logistic regression.

Results

Eleven subjects (25%) had an HOI ≥ 1, indicating a pro-oxidant HDL. Age, LDL, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and paraoxonase activity (PON1), but not HDL, were all associated with HOI level in univariate linear regression models. In multivariate models that mutually adjusted for these variables, LDL remained the strongest predictor of HOI (0.13 increase in HOI per 1 SD increase in LDL, 95% CI 0.04, 0.22).Atherogenic index of plasma, pulse pressure, homocysteine, glucose, insulin, CIMT and measurements of arterial stiffness were not associated with HOI in this population.

Conclusions

These results suggest LDL, hsCRP and DBP might predict HDL anti-oxidant function at an early age.     

树鼩模型在骨代谢疾病中的应用研究进展

高脂血症、动脉粥样硬化及骨质疏松症等代谢性疾病严重威胁人类健康。树鼩的形态、生理机能及生化代谢与人类极为相似,树鼩在脂代谢方面的独特之处可能成为其在研究代谢性疾病的明显优势。本文就近年来树鼩在代谢性疾病中的进展作一综述,旨在阐述各种代谢性疾病的树鼩模型,为骨代谢疾病的研究提供借鉴。     

心理干预对胃癌患者心理健康状况的影响

目的探讨心理干预对胃癌患者心理状况的影响。方法对32例胃癌患者进行心理状况调查。根据每个患者的测评结果实施有针对性的心理与行为方式干预措施，比较干预前后患者心理健康状况。结果心理干预前后。除偏执症状外，患者的强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、惊恐、精神病性等维度评分均存在统计学差异（均P〈0．05）。结论心理干预对胃癌患者负性心理状况有明显改善作用。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清角蛋白18裂解片段及其应用研究进展

近年来,血清角蛋白18及其裂解片段在肝病诊断方面的应用潜力引起了国内外研究者的强烈兴趣,但其在慢性乙型肝炎方面的应用研究较少。该文总结和探讨了循环血角蛋白18裂解片段M30及M65水平变化在慢性乙型肝炎中的意义以及应用前景。     

超声技术评价兔主动脉的动脉粥样硬化

目的　评价超声技术在检测动脉粥样硬化兔主动脉形态学与组织特征方面的应用价值。方法　将 40只兔分为正常组与动脉粥样硬化组 (AS) ,于实验开始、4、8、12周末行超声检测 :包括主动脉内中膜校正回声强度 (AIIc % )、主动脉内膜 中膜厚度 (IMT)、主动脉收缩期直径 (Ds)、收缩期主动脉峰值流速 (Vp) ,并同期行血脂检测 ,于实验设定的时相点宰杀动物 ,获取主动脉标本 ,进行病理组织学、超微结构及免疫组化检测。结果　AS组主动脉AIIc %值随实验时间延长而显著增高 (P <0 .0 1)。IMT测值增大 ;Ds增大 ;Vp增快 ;组织学及超微结构观察发现AS组主动脉内膜平滑肌细胞明显增殖及大量弹力纤维形成 ;免疫组化检测结果显示AS组主动脉内中膜蛋白表达随实验时间延长而逐渐增强。结论　超声技术有助于评价主动脉粥样硬化 ,AS组主动脉内中膜AIIc %值增大的超微基础在于血管平滑肌细胞的明显增殖及大量弹力纤维的形成。     

La mesure d'indépendance fonctionnelle (MIF) a-t-elle une valeur prédictive dans les accidents vasculaires cérébraux?

Objective: Assessment of the predictive value of functional independence measure (FIM) for hemiplegie patients after ischemic stroke. Method: Comparison between functional status at admittance and at discharge, this status being assessed by FIM. Population: From 11/01/92 to 04/30/93, 172 hemiplegic patients, admitted after ischemic brain lesion (30 to 94 years old, mean 72; 92 male and 80 female), were included in this study. Motor and/or cognitive deficit had been regressive for 51 patients (29.8%). Lesion was hemispheric in 119 cases: 54% right, 45% left. Results: Total regressive deficits were associated with the highest admittance FIM (a-FIM) and discharge FIM (d-FIM), 100 and 114 respectively. For partially regressive deficits with sequelae, the benefit was 22, and for the most severe deficit, it was only 4. Hemispheric lesions had lower a-FIM and d-FIM than non-hemispheric brain lesions, and benefit was lower. If right hemiplegic patients had lower scores than left, it was due to aphasia, and benefit was not significantly different between these two groups. Discussion: FIM appears to be a good indicator for discharge status, but successful discharge to home is very unprobable when a-FIM is close to 40. Correlation between FIM and the real load of nursing would have to be evaluated.     

Estimation of the transverse strain tensor in the arterial wall using IVUS image registration

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) elastography is an imaging technique that obtains the local mechanical properties of the artery wall and atherosclerotic plaques through strain measurements using IVUS. Knowledge of these mechanical properties may provide crucial information that can help in estimating plaque composition and its vulnerability. Here, we present a new method to estimate the transverse strain tensor of the arterial wall based on nonrigid image registration using IVUS images. This method registers a pair of images acquired at a vessel site under different levels of luminal pressure. The 2-D displacement field in the vessel cross-section is estimated from image registration; then the displacement field is used to calculate the 2-D local strain tensor. From the strain tensor, the strain in any direction in the cross-section can be obtained; here, the radial and circumferential strain distributions are presented. This strain estimation method has been validated with synthetic motion IVUS images and evaluated using the IVUS images of a polyvinyl alcohol cryogel phantom. The accuracy of the estimated strain and the ability of the method to overcome IVUS system noise are demonstrated.     

实验性主动脉内皮免疫损伤的电子显微镜观察

本实验通过伊凡斯蓝对血清病家兔以及正常动物主动脉内皮的通透性差别,探讨免疫损伤引起动脉内皮通透性增强的超微结构基础。     

心肌梗死患者血清脂蛋白氧化易感性及高密度脂蛋白氧化抑制能力分析

目的 了解心肌梗死存活患者（MIS）血清脂蛋白氧化易感性以及高密度脂蛋白（HDL）对低密度脂蛋白（LDL）氧化抑制能力的变化。方法 采用密度梯度超了心分离33例MIS患者的血清脂蛋白组分（VLDL，LDL，HDL），用A234nm光吸收鉴定脂蛋白氧化易感性，硫代巴比妥酸值（TBARS）分析脂蛋白脂质过氧化程度，并与正常人（44例）进行了比较，结果 MIS患者VLDL、LDL组分脂质过氧化程度明显高于正常人（P＜0.01），氧化延滞时间明显缩短（P＜0.001），HDL组分对LDL氧化抑制能力显著降低（P＜0.01）。结论 MIS患者VLDL，LDL组分氧化易感怀增加，HDL抗氧化能力受损，可能与其动脉粥样硬化的发生发展有关。     

中医药快速抗抑郁研究进展

摘要：目的 观察通督调神针刺法结合认知疗法干预卒中后抑郁的临床效应,并探讨其疗效可能的作用机制。方法 将60例卒中后抑郁患者随机分为观察组和西药组,每组30例,两组在予以脑血管疾病基础治疗的同时,采用不同方法干预,观察组采用通督调神针刺法结合认知疗法治疗,西药组予以盐酸帕罗西汀片口服,疗程均为4周,治疗前后进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、日常生活能力评定（Barthel指数）及副反应量表( TESS) 评估,观察两组临床疗效,测定患者血清 5-HT水平。结果 同组治疗后较治疗前比较,HAMD评分均显著降低(P<0.05),Barthel 指数均提高（P＜0.05）,组间比较,观察组优于西药组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗后两组血清 5-HT水平均较治疗前升高 (P<0.05) ,两组5-HT升高幅度比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组总有效率为93. 3%,西药组为86.7%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组不良反应发生率较西药组发生率低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 通督调神针刺法结合认知疗法法干预卒中后抑郁,可以显著改善 PSD 患者的抑郁状态,其疗效机制可能与血清 5-HT水平上调有关,通督调神针刺法结合认知疗法是治疗卒中后抑郁行之有效、副反应低、操作重复性好的临床治疗手段。