MIS-TLIF术和TLIF术治疗单节段腰椎管狭窄症效果对比

目的 研究比较微创经椎间孔入路腰椎椎间融合术（MIS-TLIF）与经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术（TLIF）治疗单节段腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效。方法 使用便利抽样法选取我院2016年1月~2020年12月收治的单节段腰椎管狭窄症患者60例作为研究对象,根据接受的手术方法将患者分为对照法将其分为MIS-TLIF组（n=30例）和TLIF组（n=30例）。比较两组患者围手术期相关指标差异、术前与术后不同时间腰椎Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）及视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分差异,采血测定手术前后血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、肌酸激酶（CK）及C反应蛋白（CRP）等实验室指标变化。结果 研究组患者手术持续时间长于对照组（P<0.05）,术中出血量、术后引流量、术后下床时间及出院时间均小于对照组（P<0.05）;术后不同时间研究组患者ODI评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）;术后不同时间研究组患者VAS评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗后研究组患者血清IL-6、IL-10、CK及CRP表达水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 MIS-TLIF术在治疗单节段腰椎管狭窄症患者中应用安全性更高,缩短患者术后恢复时间并改善其腰椎功能及疼痛症状,减轻术后肌肉损伤程度,促进患者炎症指标恢复。     

经椎间孔增强神经根造影引导下硬脊膜激素类注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨经椎间孔增强神经根造影引导下硬脊膜激素类注射(ESIs)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法对59例腰椎间盘突出症患者行经椎间孔增强神经根造影引导下ESIs治疗。采用疼痛VAS评分和JOA评分评价疗效。结果患者均获得随访,时间12~16个月。VAS评分与JOA评分术后12个月与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗改善率85.1%±13.9%,优良率94.9%。患者均未发生重要血管、神经损伤、血肿压迫及感染等严重并发症。结论经椎间孔增强神经根造影引导下ESIs是治疗腰椎间盘突出症的有效方法。     

药棒循经推按法治疗腰椎间盘突出症缓解期疼痛临床研究

目的:观察药棒循经推按法治疗腰椎间盘突出症缓解期疼痛的疗效,探讨其可能机制。方法:选取2013年5月—2015年5月在南宁市中医医院骨科住院治疗的腰椎间盘突出症缓解期患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各30例。观察组给予药棒循经推按法治疗,对照组给予西药治疗。结果:两组治疗后JOA评分均优于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后JOA评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组有效率为60.0%,观察组有效率为93.3%,观察组优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:药棒循经推按法治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效显著,其可能机制是松解肌肉粘连,减少无菌性炎症反应,改善肌肉疲劳。     

Lumbar Spine Fusion Patients See Similar Improvements in Physical Activity Level to Non-Spine Fusion Patients Following Total Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundThe impact of prior lumbar spinal fusion on the change in physical activity level following total hip arthroplasty (THA) has not been thoroughly examined. Therefore, we sought to compare the change in physical activity level following THA for patients with and without a history of lumbar spine fusion.MethodsPatients who underwent primary elective THA were identified using an integrated healthcare system’s Total Joint Replacement Registry (2010-2013). Prior lumbar spine fusion was identified using the healthcare system’s Spine Registry. Physical activity was self-reported by patients and measured in min/wk. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the association between prior spine fusion and the change in physical activity from 1 year pre-THA to 1-2 years post-THA.ResultsOf 11,416 THAs, 90 (0.8%) had a history of lumbar spinal fusion. Patients with a prior lumbar fusion had a median physical activity level of 28 min/wk prior to THA compared to 45 min/wk in the patients with no history of lumbar spinal fusion. One year after THA, patients with a history of lumbar spinal fusion reported a median of 120 min/wk of physical activity compared to 150 min/wk for patients without a history of lumbar spinal fusion. The difference in physical activity level change between groups was not statistically significant (estimate = −23.1, 95% confidence interval −62.1 to 15.9, P = .246).ConclusionPatients with prior lumbar fusion were found to have lower self-reported physical activity levels than patients without spine fusion both before and after THA surgery. However, both groups saw the same degree of improvement in physical activity level following THA. These findings may help in counseling patients who have had a prior lumbar spine fusion and in setting appropriate expectations prior to THA.     

腰椎后路椎间植骨融合内固定术后邻近节段椎间盘退行性改变生物力学特点的有限元分析

目的采用有限元方法分析腰椎后路椎间植骨融合内固定术后邻近节段椎间盘退变的生物力学特点。方法采集1名正常成人L_3~5的CT扫描数据,经有限元软件建立正常腰椎L_3~5模型(正常模型)、L_4、5椎弓根钉内固定模型(PSF),以及L_4、5全椎板减压、椎间cage融合、椎弓根钉内固定模型(PSF+PLIF)。比较3个模型在模拟人体腰椎前屈、后伸、左侧弯、右侧弯、左轴向旋转、右轴向旋转时L_3、4椎间盘膨出与内陷最大值,以及各方向L_3、4纤维环应力峰值。结果 PSF+PLIF模型与PSF模型L_3、4椎间盘膨出、内陷最大值较正常模型明显增大,且PSF+PLIF模型较PSF模型大,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。PSF+PLIF模型与PSF模型左侧弯、右侧弯、左轴向旋转、右轴向旋转时L_3、4的纤维环应力峰值增幅明显大于Model模型,且PSF+PLIF模型增幅大于PSF模型,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论腰椎后路椎间植骨融合内固定术引起邻近节段椎间盘生物力学改变是加重邻近节段椎间盘退行性改变程度的重要因素。     

斜外侧腰椎椎间融合术对退行性腰椎椎管狭窄症患者炎症因子的影响

目的探讨斜外侧腰椎椎间融合术(OLIF)对退行性腰椎椎管狭窄症(DLSS)患者炎症因子的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年6月-2018年6月冀中能源峰峰集团有限公司总医院骨科收治的64例DLSS患者的临床资料,其中男性35例,女性29例;年龄(60.70±6.27)岁,年龄范围40~73岁。根据手术方式不同分为腰椎后路减压内固定融合术(PLIF)组(n=32)和OLIF组(n=32)。比较术前、术后3个月及末次随访两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后卧床时间、住院时间、腰腿疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、腰椎日本骨科协会(JOA)评分及血清炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1α(IL-1α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]水平。采用门诊或电话方式进行随访,随访时间截至2019年3月。计量资料以均数±标准差(Mean±SD)表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验或重复测量数据的方差分析,组内比较采用配对t检验。计数资料以百分比(%)表示,用χ2检验。结果OLIF组的手术时间与PLIF组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);OLIF组术中出血量(119.72±30.41)mL、术后卧床时间(2.16±0.35)d、术后住院时间(5.18±2.06)d均显著低于PLIF组[(318.26±94.62)mL,(3.17±0.54)d,(7.35±1.24)d],两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有患者均获得8个月的随访时间,术后3个月和末次随访OLIF组腰疼痛VAS评分[(1.93±0.54)分,(1.74±0.63)分]显著低于PLIF组[(4.05±0.62)分,(3.87±0.74)分],腿疼痛VAS评分[(1.56±0.71)分,(1.37±0.52)分]显著低于PLIF组[(3.74±0.79)分,(2.53±0.59)分],腰椎JOA评分[(22.57±1.83)分,(24.38±1.65)分]显著高于PLIF组[(20.35±1.78)分,(22.14±1.35)分],两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月OLIF组血清TNF-α(16.95±3.92)ng/L、IL-1α(9.17±3.78)ng/L及CRP(1.97±0.24)mg/L水平均显著低于PLIF组[(20.46±4.27)ng/L,(11.51±4.25)ng/L,(2.36±0.32)mg/L](P<0.05);末次随访OLIF组血清TNF-α(13.47±3.54)ng/L、IL-1α(6.52±2.09)ng/L及CRP(1.42±0.16)mg/L水平均显著低于PLIF组[(18.08±3.84)ng/L,(8.73±5.43)ng/L,(2.04±0.25)mg/L],两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与PLIF相比,OLIF治疗DLSS能够降低术中出血量、缩短患者恢复时间,同时降低患者术后炎症因子表达水平,改善患者预后。     

腰椎间孔镜不良事件原因分析

目的分析腰椎间孔镜技术不良事件的原因。方法回顾性分析2015年3月~2018年3月椎间孔镜179例资料,16例共发生不良事件19例次(10.6%),其中Ⅱ级事件1例(神经根损伤),Ⅲ~Ⅳ级事件18例(硬膜囊撕裂3例,类脊髓高压综合征3例,椎间盘突出复发4例,术中减压不充分2例,导丝断裂1例,术后形成椎间盘囊肿1例,中转开放手术4例)。结果随访12~30个月,(15.2±1.2)月,除1例神经根损伤无恢复外,余均恢复。结论椎间孔镜治疗腰椎疾患初期有一定的不良事件发生率,良好清晰的镜下解剖结构、开放手术的经验、规范的培训以及术中及时的备选方案是防止不良事件发生、发挥椎间孔镜优势的关键。     

有限元法在腰椎融合术与置换术生物力学研究中应用进展

回顾近年来有限元法(finite element method,FEM)在腰椎椎间融合术与人工椎间盘置换术生物力学中的研究进展,并对其应用前景进行展望。通过归纳整理,得出FEM在腰椎椎间融合术与人工椎间盘置换术生物力学中的研究要点是手术方案的优化选择、植入器械的性能评价和临床手术的效果预测。最后依据当前的研究要点和发展方向,对FEM在个性化手术模拟、弹性内固定性能评价和新型术式效果预测等方面的应用前景进行展望。通过对FEM在腰椎椎间融合术与人工椎间盘置换术生物力学研究中的应用进展进行回顾和展望,以期为临床腰背痛疾病的手术治疗提供更加全面和系统的理论指导。     

腰椎椎间融合器及其在椎间融合术中的生物力学研究进展

针对腰椎椎间融合术的生物力学研究背景和意义,回顾近年来椎间融合器及其在椎间融合术中的研究进展,并对其发展前景进行展望。主要归纳腰椎生物力学实验方法、椎间融合器和椎间融合术的最新进展,得出椎间融合术生物力学研究的主要方向为:有限元法的建模精细化、传统融合器的几何更优化、新型融合器的临床化和辅助固定方式的多样化。最后对椎间融合术生物力学的发展前景进行展望。通过对腰椎椎间融合术的生物力学研究进行回顾和展望,以期为腰椎疾患的临床手术治疗提供参考依据。     

Development of a pressure sensor system for unobtrusive monitoring of abdominal muscle activities

Surface electromyogram (sEMG) is often used by to objectively measure muscular activity during rehabilitation exercises. sEMG is accurate, but it is unsuitable for uses outside the clinic, and patients can benefit from an unobtrusive device which can be readily used to ubiquitously measure abdominal muscle activation. In this study, we present a pressure sensor system which can be latched onto a belt to measure abdominal muscle activation. sEMG and pressure sensor output were measured in 15 healthy young males during isometric trunk flexion exercise (public trials registration number, KCT0002351), and the results were highly correlated (median R?>?0.939). As initial contact force can change the pressure sensor sensitivity, the experiment was performed at two different levels of belt tightness, but the correlations did not significantly improve after tightening the belt, suggesting that the system can be used to ubiquitously and unobtrusively monitor abdominal muscle activity with minimal discomfort.