五倍子缓释药膜治疗复发性口疮的组织学观察

目的：观察五倍子缓释药膜治疗复发性口疮的组织学变化。方法：用冰醋酸法建立动物口腔溃疡模型,分3组,五倍子缓释药膜组及锡类散组为实验组,每日用药2次。另1组为空白对照组。分别于用药2 d,4 d,6 d观察溃疡愈合情况。结果：五倍子组能明显促进溃疡愈合。结论：复方五倍子缓释药膜对复发性口疮有治疗作用。     

CCR6-CCL20对食管鳞癌患者体内Th17细胞分布的影响

目的研究CCR6-CCL20对食管鳞癌患者体内Th17细胞分布的影响。方法采用流式细胞术检测食管鳞癌患者手术切除的癌组织、癌旁组织及外周血中Th17细胞的比例及CCR6+Th17细胞的比例。RT-PCR方法检测组织中CCL20 mRNA水平。结果与癌旁组织及外周血相比,癌组织中Th17细胞明显升高(P<0.01);癌组织中CCR6+Th17细胞的比例高于癌旁组织及外周血(P<0.01);癌组织中CCL20 mRNA水平高于癌旁组织(P<0.01),并与Th17呈正相关。结论 CCR6-CCL20趋化轴可能在食管鳞癌患者Th17细胞浸润到肿瘤组织中发挥重要作用。     

幽门螺杆菌上皮接触诱导基因iceA1的克隆及序列特征

目的:克隆和分析镇江地区来源于不同疾病的(胃癌、溃疡和胃炎)幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)的表皮接触诱导基因iceA1.方法:从胃十二指肠疾病患者胃黏膜组织中分离培养获得H.pylori,PCR扩增检测iceA1基因,并克隆至pMD18-T载体上,进行测序和序列分析.结果:克隆和测序了镇江地区来源于不同疾病的(胃癌、溃疡和胃炎)共12株H.pylori的i c e A1基因片段,并与标准菌株60190比对,结果显示镇江地区的H.pylori的iceA1基因中存在着3处框内缺失突变热点(780del6、809del5、914del7),这些缺失突变在溃疡和胃炎中均存在,但是胃癌株只存在809del5.对缺失片段周围的序列进行分析,这些缺失序列的两端基本都与同向重复序列相连,这可能与复制过程中滑动错配的小片段缺失模型有关.结论:iceA1序列的变异性有可能作为分析H.pylori群体遗传学的有用工具.     

血清降钙素原测定对合理应用抗生素治疗AECOPD的作用

目的评价降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)对AECOPD合并的细菌感染临床应用价值。方法 2009年6月至2010年5月在我院呼吸科入院AECOPD患者109例,随机分成PCT组(n=52)和常规治疗组(n=57),常规治疗组按常规治疗方法使用抗生素进行治疗,PCT组通过血清PCT测定来指导抗生素使用,比较两组抗生素使用时间、使用率、临床有效率、患者住院费用、住院时间及抗生素治疗结束后两组患者炎性指标(白细胞总数、中性粒细胞数、CRP)之间的差异。结果两组治疗后PCT组患者白细胞总数、中性粒细胞数、CRP与常规治疗组差异无统计学意义,两组治疗后白细胞总数、中性粒细胞数、CRP均较治疗前下降,同时抗生素使用时间、抗生素使用率、患者住院费用及住院时间常规组与PCT组差异有统计学意义,PCT组抗生素使用率明显低于常规治疗组。结论在AECOPD治疗中参考PCT水平应用抗生素可以达到有效治疗效果,而避免过度使用抗生素。     

A randomized comparison study of Aquacel Ag and Alginate Silver as skin graft donor site dressings

Objective

This study was conducted to compare pain, healing time, infection rate, and cosmetic outcome between Aquacel Ag (convatec) and Alginate Silver (coloplast) as donor site dressings.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial of donor site dressings, comparing Aquacel Ag with Alginate Silver. Patients were randomly allocated to donor site dressing with one of these materials. Outcome measures included pain scores at rest and during dressing changes, time to re-epithelialization, cosmetic outcome and infection rate. Results were assessed for significance using the independent t-test (non-parametric data) and the chi-square test (parametric data).

Results

A total of 20 subjects were enrolled in this study. Subjects included in both groups were comparable with no significant differences in demographic data of age, gender, location of burn and type of burns (P > 0.05 evaluated by paired t-test) between both group. The pain scores were found to be higher in Aquacel Ag group than in Alginate Silver group. Time to re-epithelialization was longer in Aquacel Ag group than in Alginate Silver group. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups with respect to cosmetic outcome and infection rate.

Conclusions

Based on these results, we find that Alginate Silver is better than Aquacel Ag to cover the skin graft donor site.     

Short-segment pedicle instrumentation with transpedicular bone grafting for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures involving the posterior edge

Most osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) can be treated successfully with conservative methods. In about 10% of patients, nonunion develops and warrants surgical management with minimally invasive procedures such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. Nevertheless, for patients with nonunion fractures that involve the posterior vertebral body wall, vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are relatively contraindicated due to the risk of extravertebral polymethylmethacrylate cement leakage through vertebral fracture cracks. To this end, we developed a method for pedicle screw fixation combined with transpedicular bone grafting for such a condition. Briefly, after posterior pedicle screw fixation and reduction in the affected vertebra, the demineralized bone matrix was inserted into the vertebral body via a ‘bone grafting funnel’ created through the pedicle of the affected vertebra. The current retrospective study analysed the safety and efficacy of this approach. A total of 12 patients who fulfilled the criteria were treated with this procedure. Visual analogue scale scores for back pain and anterior vertebral heights were recorded. At 3-month follow-up, pain was significantly relieved compared with presurgery and the anterior vertebral heights were successfully restored and maintained. In conclusion, short-segment pedicle instrumentation combined with transpedicular bone grafting is a useful alternative in the treatment of nonunion of OVFs with loss of posterior edge integrity.     

3例急性白血病并发中枢神经系统损害患者的临床特征分析及文献复习

目的报道3例急性白血病患者在完全缓解期并发中枢神经系统(CNS)损害,以提高对此类疾病的认识。方法分析3例急性白血病并发CNS损害病例的临床特征、诊疗方法,并复习相关文献进行讨论。结果①3例急性白血病患者均在完全缓解期并发CNS损害。其中,急性淋巴细胞白血病并发脑膜白血病及周围神经病变;急性髓细胞白血病并发脑膜白血病及脑实质或脊髓白血病细胞浸润,形成占位性病灶。②经三联化疗药物鞘内注射、头颅加全脊髓放疗,CNS症状获得明显改善。结论①急性白血病可在完全缓解期甚至停止治疗后并发CNS损害,急性淋巴细胞白血病易出现神经系统副癌综合征;②急性白血病并发CNS损害,其累及的部位和程度不同,临床表现也不同;③鞘内注射化疗药物联合放疗及神经营养药物对急性白血病并发的CNS损害治疗有效;④造血干细胞移植不能完全阻止急性白血病并发CNS损害。     

睡眠呼吸暂停患者颈动脉超声多普勒参数分析

目的：为了研究睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（ＳＡＳ）患者的颈动脉Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声表现并探讨血流参数的变化。方法：用彩色多普勒超声仪，７．０ＭＨｚ探头，选择４０例ＳＡＳ患者作双侧颈动脉Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声检查，并与４０例无ＳＡＳ、性别、年龄、基础疾病相匹配的对照组比较。结果：①粥样斑块的发生率ＳＡＳ组为４２．５％，对照组为３２．５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。②阻力指数（ＲＩ）测定ＳＡＳ组明显高于非ＳＡＳ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。③颈内动脉流速与颈总动脉流速比值（ＶＩＣＡ／ＶＣＣＡ）两组间有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。④ＳＡＳ组颈动脉频谱形态多有改变，文中列出四种波形。结论：作者认为，ＳＡＳ患者颈动脉硬化多较显著，血液动力学改变以外周阻力增加为主。     

高转移肺癌细胞株95 D中特异表达的C3orf1基因分析

目的 进一步了解肺癌转移的分子机制,筛选高转移肺癌中差异表达的基因。方法 利用荧光差异显示技术（DD—PCR）获得差异片段,对这些片段进行克隆和序列分析。通过在GenBank中同源性检索,查找差异片段相对应的同源基因。利用定量PCR检测验证该基因表达的差异性,并对该基因的结构进行预测。结果 通过DD—PCR得到9个差异片段,其中一个片段对应于C3orf1基因。定量PCR验证的结果表明,C3orf1基因在高转移肺癌中的表达量显著高于其他被测试的5种肿瘤细胞。该基因的读码框长858bp,编码285个氨基酸,分子量约32200。蛋白质结构预测分析发现,该基因含有7个类似表皮生长信号区,N端有一含有24个氨基酸的信号肽,并且还可能有3个2S-2Fe铁氧化还原蛋白铁硫结合信号区,2个维持自身静态平衡的VWFC信号区和2个硫解酶活性区。结论 C3orf1基因在高转移肺癌中异常表达,可能是分泌型的生长因子类蛋白,刺激细胞的生长。     

氯膦酸二钠脂质体对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎肺损伤的影响及与Akt、MAPK（ERK1/2）通路的关系

目的:探讨氯膦酸二钠脂质体(LC)对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)肺损伤的影响及与Akt、MAPK(ERK1/2)通路的关系。方法:将48只SD大鼠随机均分为假手术组、SAP模型组(模型组)、SAP模型+LC处理组(LC组),后两组采用膜下注射5%牛磺胆酸钠制作SAP模型,并分别于造模后尾静脉注射空白脂质体与LC。各组分别于术后2、6h后检测血清淀粉酶(AMS)、IL-6、TNF-α的含量,观察肺组织病理学变化,及肺组织中Akt和MAPK(ERK1/2)的表达。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组与LC组血清AMS、IL-6及TNF-α含量、肺组织病理学评分,肺组织Akt和MAPK(ERK1/2)表达水平均明显升高,且均随时间延长而更加明显(均P0.05),但LC组的上述指标在各时间点上均明显低于模型组(均P0.05)。结论:LC有减轻大鼠SAP肺损伤的作用,机制可能与肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬LC后,Akt和MAPK(ERK1/2)信号通路抑制,从而减少炎症细胞因子的释放有关。