经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用

目的 探究经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面(TAP)神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用效果.方法 选择2019年1月至2021年2月深圳市宝安区福永人民医院收治的90例拟行经脐单孔腹腔镜妇科手术的患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为TAP神经阻滞组(A组)、罗哌卡因切口局部浸润组(B组)和对照组各30例.A组患者在麻醉诱导后予TAP神经阻滞处理,B组患者在术后给予罗哌卡因切口局部浸润处理,对照组无镇痛处理.比较三组患者术后12 h、24 h、48 h、96 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、术后恢复指标(下床时间、排气时间、住院时间)及术后不良反应发生情况(恶心呕吐、头痛头晕、创口瘙痒、嗜睡).结果 A组患者术后12 h、24 h的VAS评分分别为(1.91±0.89)分、(1.43±0.77)分,与B组术后12 h、24 h的(1.88±1.03)分、(1.51±0.81)分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组和B组均明显低于对照组的(3.12±1.23)分、(2.55±1.41)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组患者术后48 h的VAS评分为(0.72±0.48)分,明显低于B组和对照组的(1.19±0.65)分、(1.91±1.03)分,且B组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后96 h,三组患者的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组患者术后下床时间、住院时间分别为(55.89±5.98)min、(3.78±0.56)d,明显短于B组的(68.13±6.12)min、(5.21±0.64)d和对照组的(103.42±7.21)min、(7.92±0.58)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患者术后排气时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组和B组患者术后不良反应总发生率分别为6.67％,13.33％,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组与B组患者的不良反应总发生率明显低于对照组的36.67％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用能够有效缓解患者的术后疼痛感,有利于术后康复,值得临床推广.     

基于《金匮要略》头风摩散结合摩法治疗偏头痛思路探究

偏头痛是临床常见头面部疾病,现在医学多采用特异性治疗药物跟非特异性止痛药物治疗。长期服药造成一定的并发症及不良反应,中西医结合治疗偏头痛是临床研究的重点。张仲景《金匮要略.中风历节病脉证并治》篇中初次记录头风摩散,该外治方的主要功效是用来治疗头风病,同时开创了摩顶膏法的先河。 摩法是最古老、最常用的手法之一。记载摩法的古代文献颇多,可追溯至《素问.病能》曰；“摩之切之。” 《素问.至真要大论》曰：“摩之、浴之。”并由此演绎出一系列实用手法。本文旨在探究摩法结合头风摩散治疗偏头痛的操作应用及其原理,进一步考究摩法与头风摩散结合治疗偏头痛的协同作用,以期对临床有一定指导意义。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.     

超声消融法治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效分析

目的探讨超声消融法治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效。方法选取2017年11月～2018年6月我院收治的子宫肌瘤患者92例,依照治疗方法不同分为对照组和观察组各46例。对照组实施传统开腹子宫肌瘤剔除术(TAM),观察组实施超声消融法。对比两组围手术期基本情况、并发症发生率、6个月后复发率及术前术后生活质量(NHP评分)。结果观察组手术用时、术后胃肠功能功能正常时间、首次下床活动时间及住院天数较对照组短,术中失血量较对照组少,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);随访6个月,观察组并发症发生率6.52%、复发率6.52%,分别低于对照组的23.91%、21.74%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后3、6个月,观察组NHP评分均较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与传统方法比较,超声消融法应用于子宫肌瘤患者,可显著减少术中失血量,缩短术后康复时间,降低并发症发生率及复发率,提高生活质量,加快康复进程。     

单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术在有腹部手术史患者中的应用

目的:探讨Hasson法建立气腹行单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术在有腹部手术史患者中的应用优势及操作技巧。方法:回顾分析2011年11月至2018年10月为117例合并腹部手术史患者行单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床体会。结果:113例成功完成手术,4例因腹腔内粘连严重无法显露术野及胆囊三角中转开腹,成功率96.6%。术后患者恢复良好,切口美观隐蔽,无网膜损伤及相关并发症发生。结论:Hasson法建立气腹行单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术,可灵活选取切口部位直视下开腹,避免了粘连肠管网膜的损伤,有效松解腹腔粘连带,对于有腹部手术史的胆囊良性疾病患者是安全、可行、微创、美观的治疗选择。