加味葛根芩连汤联合常规治疗对重度湿热型溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床疗效

目的考察加味葛根芩连汤联合常规治疗对重度湿热型溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床疗效。方法82例患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组41例,对照组给予常规治疗(美沙拉嗪、氢化可的松琥珀酸钠),观察组在对照组基础上加用加味葛根芩连汤,疗程4周。检测症状评分、中医证候疗效、肠镜Baron评分、膜屏障功能指标(HIF⁃1α、DAO、D⁃LA)、血清促炎因子(IL⁃2、IL⁃6、TNF⁃α、IFN⁃γ、CRP)、血清抗炎因子(IL⁃4、IL⁃10、IL⁃13)、免疫功能指标(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+、NK细胞)、凝血功能指标(FIB、APTT、PLT)、不良反应发生率变化。结果观察组总有效率较对照组升高(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组症状评分、肠镜Baron评分、膜屏障功能指标、血清促炎因子、CD8+、FIB、PLT、不良反应发生率较对照组降低(P<0.05),血清抗炎因子、CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、NK细胞、APTT升高(P<0.05)。结论加味葛根芩连汤联合常规治疗能有效缓解重度湿热型溃疡性结肠炎患者临床症状,保护肠黏膜,降低不良反应,其机制可能与抑制促炎因子分泌、促进抗炎因子分泌、激活免疫功能、改善凝血功能有关。     

宝石CT碘-水基图在急性脑梗死介入治疗后的应用

目的探讨宝石CT碘-水基图在急性脑梗死介入治疗后的诊断价值。方法 31例急性脑梗死患者介入治疗后即刻宝石CT平扫QC图发现颅内异常高密度影,采用碘-水基图进行重建分析,同时测定高密度影碘基值、水基值,并与术后24 h普通CT复查诊断结果作比较。结果通过采用碘-水基图,17例诊断为碘对比剂渗出,14例诊断为脑出血转化,与术后24 h普通CT复查诊断结果完全一致(Kappa=1,P0.01);术后即刻碘基图之碘基值:碘对比剂渗出(32.09±5.36) g/L,脑出血转化(6.86±2.26) g/L,二者差异有统计学意义(t=53.291,P0.01);术后即刻水基图之水基值:碘对比剂渗出(1 027.93±8.29) g/L,脑出血转化(1 069.68±7.18) g/L,二者差异有统计学意义(t=-8.897,P0.01)。结论宝石CT碘-水基图可以准确诊断急性脑梗死介入治疗后颅内碘对比剂渗出和脑出血转化,值得向临床介绍推广。     

Primed neutrophil infiltrations into multiple organs in child physical abuse cases: A preliminary study

Physical abuse of the elderly induces a massive primed neutrophil infiltration into the lung and liver through chemotaxis by interleukin (IL)-8, similar to cases of traumatic or hemorrhagic shock. Here, we used immunohistochemical analyses to investigate this infiltration in cases of physically abused children. In addition, we examined the expression of neutrophil elastase (NE) as the inflammatory mediator and α1-antitrypsin (AAT) as the elastase inhibitor. The number of neutrophils in the abuse cases was increased significantly in the heart, lung, liver, and kidney, compared with that of control cases. IL-8-positive cells and NE-positive cells in all organs of abuse cases were significantly greater than those in control cases. Large quantities of oxidized AAT, which fails to inactivate NE and results in tissue damage, was detected in the liver of abuse cases. Neutrophil infiltration showed positive correlation with the degree of systemic accumulation of non-fatal injuries caused by repetitive abusive behavior. Although further investigation using more autopsy samples is necessary, results of our preliminary study indicate that massive neutrophil infiltration induced by IL-8 in multiple organs is a new complementary diagnostic indicator of physical abuse in children. Moreover, the demonstration of NE-positive cells and oxidized AAT provides firm evidence of tissue damage.     

Associations of OCA2-HERC2 SNPs and haplotypes with human pigmentation characteristics in the Brazilian population

Panels composed of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to pigmentation, when associated with different phenotypes, may assist in predicting the physical appearance of an individual, being very useful in forensic caseworks. We evaluated the association of seven OCA2-HERC2 SNPs and haplotypes with pigmentation characteristics (eye, skin, hair and freckles) in the highly admixed and phenotypically heterogeneous Brazilian population. All the seven SNPs evaluated presented one allele associated with phenotypes from at least two pigmentation features and the alternative allele associated with the opposite phenotypes from the same trait. The genotypic associations followed the same pattern for all seven SNPs. Nine haplotypes were observed in our sample and eight were associated with at least two pigmentation traits. Such SNPs and haplotypes could be deemed as good predictors for the presence of freckles and for skin, eye and hair pigmentation in the Brazilian population.     

螺旋CT门静脉造影技术的研究及临床应用

目的　探讨螺旋CT(SCT)门静脉造影 (SCTP)技术及临床应用价值。方法　 13 0例疑肝脏疾病者进行了SCTP检查 ,其中表现正常者 2 0例作为对照 ,肝硬化并门静脉高压 80例 (3 2例并肝癌 ) ,肝细胞性肝癌 42例 ,其他 2 0例 ,快速团注对比剂的同时行SCT容积扫描 ,利用计算机后处理功能得到门静脉立体图像。结果　①SCTP图像好坏与扫描延迟时间合理选择和扫描参数设计密切相关 ;②能清楚地显示 1～ 5级门静脉血管结构 ;③精确定位肝内病灶 ;④可检测门静脉高压侧支循环的范围和估计严重程度 ,以及显示多种疾病。结论　SCTP是门静脉无创性检查的可靠方法 ,具有一定的临床应用价值     

步兵踝关节肌力和跟腱横截面积与强化训练的关系

背景:军事训练中肌腱损伤和肌腱功能紊乱经常发生,但肌腱疾病准确的流行病学、病理生理以及愈合、修复机制尚不清楚,慢性肌腱功能紊乱引起疼痛的原因也有待研究。目的:评价强化训练对士兵踝关节肌力以及跟腱横截面积的影响,找到合适的快速提高体能的训练方法。设计:单一样本的分组对照。单位:解放军第四军医大学;解放军第一五○医院全军军事训练医学研究所。对象:实验于2004/03-06在解放军第一五○医院全军军事训练医学研究所进行。随机挑选新兵和常规训练1年的士兵各30名,均为男性,作为新兵组和老兵组。入伍年龄为17～18岁,入伍前均无参加专业体育训练史,无踝关节受伤史,均能承受正常的体能训练。方法:新兵组参加正常的体能训练(如投弹、5km越野跑等),同时进行踝关节背伸、跖屈的强化训练。具体为:提踵50次;在45°弧形仰卧起坐板上仰卧起坐50次。每项训练2次/d,持续8周。老兵组参加日常的体能训练。分别对训练前、训练8周后的新兵和老兵进行踝关节肌力等速测试和跟腱横截面积测量。主要观察指标:新兵训练前与强化训练8周后及老兵跟腱横截面积的比较和踝关节肌力的变化。结果:60名士兵全部进入结果分析。跟腱横截面积与体质量呈偏相关(r=0.446,P=0.015),训练前后跟腱横截面积无明显变化。训练后新兵和老兵的踝关节跖屈、背伸、外翻的相对峰力矩、耐力、力矩加速能等指标明显大于训练前的新兵(P<0.05),训练后的新兵和老兵之间无明显差异。结论:强化训练能在短期内快速促进体能储备;训练前后跟腱截面积无明显变化提示踝关节力量提高不是通过肌腱肥大实现的,可能与肌腱的内部改建有关。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声对胎囊型输卵管妊娠的诊断价值

目的　探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声对胎囊型输卵管妊娠的诊断价值。方法　对经阴道超声诊断的 3 2例胎囊型输卵管妊娠的二维及彩色多普勒声像图改变进行总结分析。结果　 3 2例异位胎囊的特征为 :单侧附件区厚壁型囊性物 ,囊壁厚度均匀一致 ,约 2 .5～ 4.0mm ,回声强而均匀 ,囊内为液性暗区。与卵巢分界清。CDFI:囊性物周围血流丰富 ,似“花环样”包绕胎囊。PD :“花环样”血流处可录及低阻型滋养动脉频谱 ,舒张期血流丰富 ,RI平均为 0 .45± 0 .0 4。结论　经阴道彩色多普勒超声在诊断胎囊型输卵管妊娠中具有较强优势 ,结合血尿妊娠试验能为临床早期治疗提供可靠的诊断依据。