Knockdown of DEAD-box 51 inhibits tumor growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via the PI3K/AKT pathway

BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is one of the most prevalent malignancies that seriously threaten people’s health worldwide.DEAD-box helicase 51(DDX51)is a member of the DEAD-box(DDX)RNA helicase family,and drives or inhibits tumor progression in multiple cancer types.AIM To determine whether DDX51 affects the biological behavior of ESCC.METHODS The expression of DDX51 in ESCC tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues was detected by Immunohistochemistry(IHC)analyses and quantitative PCR(qPCR).We knocked down DDX51 in ESCC cell lines by using a small interfering RNA(siRNA)transfection.The proliferation,apoptosis,and mobility of DDX51 siRNAtransfected cells were detected.The effect of DDX51 on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway was investigated by western blot analysis.A mouse xenograft model was established to investigate the effects of DDX51 knockdown on ESCC tumor growth.RESULTS DDX51 exhibited high expression in ESCC tissues compared with normal tissues and represented a poor prognosis in patients with ESCC.Knockdown of DDX51 induced inhibition of ESCC cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis.Moreover,DDX51 siRNA-expressing cells also exhibited lower migration and invasion rates.Investigations into the underlying mechanisms suggested that DDX51 knock down induced inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway,including decreased phosphorylation levels of phosphate and tensin homolog,PI3K,AKT,and mammalian target of rapamycin.Rescue experiments demonstrated that the AKT activator insulin-like growth factor 1 could reverse the inhibitory effects of DDX51 on ESCC malignant development.Finally,we injected DDX51 siRNA-transfected TE-1 cells into an animal model,which resulted in slower tumor growth.CONCLUSION Our study suggests for the first time that DDX51 promotes cancer cell proliferation by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway;thus,DDX51 might be a therapeutic target for ESCC.     

新型驱动基因融合阳性非小细胞肺癌脑转移的研究进展北大核心

肺癌是我国最常见且死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,随着表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)及活性氧1(ROS1)等驱动基因及其相应分子靶向药物的出现,晚期非小细胞肺癌的治疗和预后发生了革命性变化。此外,一些少见新型驱动基因融合,包括神经调节蛋白1(NRG1)、神经营养酪氨酸受体激酶(NTRK)和转染重排因子(RET),正逐渐发展成为全身性治疗选择。然而,这些罕见新型融合驱动基因在NSCLC脑转移中的作用机制,以及优化控制和预防脑转移的意义人们所知甚少。因此,本文就近几年罕见驱动基因融合在NSCLC脑转移中的研究进行综述。     

纳米碳联合99mTc-硫胶体SPECT/CT显像在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结识别定位中的应用价值

目的 探讨纳米碳联合^99mTc-硫胶体SPECT/CT显像在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结（SLN）识别定位中的应用价值。方法 收集诊断为早期乳腺癌患者94例。根据示踪方法随机分为纳米碳联合^99mTc-硫胶体SPECT/CT显像双示踪组（44例）和纳米碳单示踪组（50例）,比较2组患者SLN检出量、检出率、准确率、灵敏度及假阴性的差异率。结果 双示踪组SLN平均检出数为（3.4±1.33）枚，SLN检出率、准确率、灵敏度、假阴性率分别为90.9%、55.0%、85.7%、7.1%、2.8%;单示踪组SLN平均检出数为（3.08±1.3）枚，SLN检出率、准确率、灵敏度、假阴性率分别为88%、65.9%、64.3%、8.6%、9.5%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。对2组患者肿瘤病理类型、年龄、肿瘤位置、分期、分子分型、月经情况及BMI分层比较，SLN检出率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;再对肿瘤直径进行分层，肿瘤直径>2 cm的患者，双示踪组SLN检出率显著高于单示踪组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 两种示踪法在乳腺...     

PD-1抑制剂在肝癌肝移植术前使用的安全性分析

目的探讨肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者使用程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death-1,PD-1)单克隆抗体治疗后再行肝移植(liver transplantation,LT)治疗的安全性。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2022年6月5例在贵州省人民医院器官移植科行肝移植治疗并规律随访的患者临床资料与生存情况,并收集2018年以来的文献相关资料,重点观察急性排斥反应及肿瘤复发情况。结果5例肝移植术式均为原位经典全肝移植,中位随访时间为12个月,无急性排斥反应发生,无肿瘤复发病例。8篇文献报道了38例患者,其中7例出现急性排斥反应,发生率为18.42%(7/38),其中2例移植物丧失导致死亡,病死率为5.26%(2/38)。2例出现肿瘤复发,复发率为5.55%(2/38)。结论HCC患者等待肝移植手术期间使用PD-1抑制剂作为桥接治疗可使部分患者获益,但也存在少数患者术后发生急性排斥反应甚至移植物丧失导致死亡的风险。