过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ激动剂15-脱氧前列腺素J2对小移植肝再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARy)激动剂15-脱氧前列腺素J2(15d-PGJ2)对小移植肝大鼠再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机制.方法 将108只SD大鼠随机分为3组:(1)15d-PGJ2预处理组;(2)15d-PGJ2+GW9662组;(3)生理盐水对照组(NS组).检测术后6、24、72 h血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平;检测术后24 h肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量;检测肝组织中髓性过氧化物酶(MPO)活性以反映中性粒细胞的浸润;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测肝组织中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平;观察术后24h光镜下肝组织病理学变化.结果 与NS组和15d-PGJ2+GW9662组比较,15d-PGJ2预处理组术后6、24、72 h血清ALT和AST水平明显降低(P＜O.01);术后24h SOD活性明显升高而MDA含量降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);肝组织中TNF-α含量及MPO活性亦明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);苏木素-伊红(HE)染色显示:NS组和15d-PGJ2+GW9662组术后24 h,表现为明显的肝细胞空泡变性,肝窦扩张,炎症细胞浸润;15d-PGJ2组较其他两组肝组织损伤轻微.结论 PPARγ激动剂15d-PGJ2对小移植肝术后再灌注损伤有明显的保护作用,其保护机制可能与提高机体抗氧化能力,抑制脂质过氧化及减轻炎症反应密切相关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the protective effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist 15d-PGJ2 against reperfusion injury in small-for-size liver grafts and its probable mechanisms. Methods 108 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: ( 1 ) 15d-PGJ2 group; (2) 15d-PGJ2 + GW9662 group; (3) NS control group. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels at 6, 24 and 72 h after reperfusion and histopathological changes were analyzed, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver grafts after 24 h were determined, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was examined to assay neutrophil infiltration into the grafts at 24 h after reperfusion, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-α levels at 24 h after reperfusion were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA method). Results As compared with NS control group and 15d-PGJ2 + GW9662 group, serum AST and ALT levels were significantly reduced at 6, 24 and 72 h after reperfusion in 15d-PGJ2 group (P ＜0. 01 ). Histopathological analysis revealed apparent bulb-like degeneration, hepatic sinusoid dilation, and inflammatory cell infiltration in periportal area at 24 h in NS group and 15d-PGJ2 + GW9662 group after transplantation, while in the 15d-PGJ2 group, minimal damage was observed at 24 h after transplantation under the light microscopy, the contents of MDA were lower and SOD levels were higher than in other groups ( P ＜0. 01 ). As compared with NS group and 15d-PGJ2 + GW9662 group, TNF-α levels and MPO activity at 24 h after transplantation were also significantly decreased in 15d-PGJ2 group (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion PPARγagonist 15d-PGJ2 could ameliorate reperfusion injury in small-for-size liver grafts significantly, which was mediated in part by increasing antioxidant ability, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and down-regulating inflammatory reaetion.     

大鼠30%小体积肝移植模型两种切肝方法的比较

目的探讨建立理想的成功率较高的大鼠30%小体积肝移植模型的可靠方法。方法采用改良＂二袖套法＂非动脉化法建立大鼠30%小体积肝移植模型。实验组分为两组：A组,右叶＋三角叶＋尾状叶做供肝的30%小体积肝移植组,共40例;B组,中叶做供肝的30%小体积肝移植组,共40例。观察两组术后并发症和术后3 d生存率。结果 A、B组切肝时间分别为（11±3）、（14±3）min,P〈0.01;术后发生肝后下腔静脉狭窄分别有2例、8例,P〈0.05;术后3 d生存率分别为53%（21/40）、40%（16/40）,P〉0.05;断面出血、胆漏和感染的发生率两组无明显差异。结论通过技术改良,可以以右叶＋三角叶＋尾状叶为供肝建立稳定的大鼠30%小体积肝移植模型。     

甲状腺微小癌46例临床诊治分析

甲状腺微小癌(TMC)是指肿瘤最大直径≤10 mm的甲状腺癌.其起病隐匿,术前诊断率低,在临床上早期难以发现.2003年1月～2008年12月,我院共收治甲状腺癌304例,其中TMC 46例(占15.13% ),现回顾性分析如下.     

腹腔镜保肛手术与开腹保肛手术对低位直肠癌的疗效比较

目的:探讨腹腔镜保肛手术与开腹保肛手术在低位直肠癌中的临床疗效。方法:选取手术治疗的低位直肠癌患者62例,按照手术方法分为开腹保肛手术组（对照组）27组和腹腔镜保肛手术组（观察组）35例。比较2组患者围手术期情况和术后并发症发生情况、标本肿瘤学情况及术后半年的肛门功能。结果:观察组手术时间、出血量、肛门排气时间和住院时间均显著低于对照组（P<0.01）;2组患者术后吻合口瘘、肠梗阻、腹腔局部转移、输尿管损伤和排尿功能障碍等术后并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组肿块平均直径、长度和肿块下缘距远切缘距离、清扫淋巴结数目等肿瘤学情况差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组患者均未出现肛门完全失禁,且术后6个月KIRWAN标准肛门控便能力分级差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论:腹腔镜保肛低位直肠癌手术具有手术创伤小、术后恢复快的优点,且能达到与开腹保肛低位直肠癌手术相同的根治效果。     

miR-155在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的分析胃癌组织和癌旁组织miR-155的表达差异及其临床意义。方法收集手术切除的胃癌标本52例,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测胃癌组织及癌旁组织标本miR-155的表达水平,并分析其表达水平与临床病理因素的关系。结果miR-155在胃癌组织中的表达量显著高于其在配对癌旁组织中的表达量（P〈0．05）;淋巴结转移组的表达量高于淋巴结未转移组（P〈0．05）。结论miR-155可能在胃癌发生、发展和转移过程中起到重要作用。     

都市白领饮茶调养自己

都市丛林中，优雅的职业女性们一如铿锵的玫瑰，继续坚强地绽放着、憔悴着。亚健康的状态无处不在。让我们未帮你找个温情、传统的伴侣吧！关爱自己，从饮茶开始……     

Multi-parameter prediction of HLA class Ⅰ restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes for human proliferating cell nuclear antigen

Objective To predict the HLA class Ⅰ restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes for human proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Methods By using 3 epitope prediction databases which including MHC binder ( BIMAS and SYFPEITHI databases) and proteasome cutting site ( PAProC databases), the epitopes of PCNA were predicted by analyzing several parameters and methods. Results After comprehensive analysis,we have obtained two possible HLA-A0201 restricted CTL epitopes SMSAD-VPLV (228-236, score 447 633. 595 ) and LINEACWDI ( 22-28, score 127 966.779);two HLA-A24 re-stricted CTL epitopos DYEMKLMDL ( 113-121, score 563 994.9 ) and EFARICRDL ( 143-151, score 40 540.7);two HLA-A1101 restricted CTL epitopes LTSMSKILK (72-80, score 1334. 2680 ) and DVPLV-VEYK (232-240,score 736.9236). Conclusion The multi-parameter epitope prediction method is feasi-ble for cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope prediction.     

表达端粒酶逆转录酶siRNA的溶瘤腺病毒对裸鼠肾癌移植瘤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate the antitumor effect of oncolytic adenovirus armed with small interference RNA targeting hTERT gene for renal cancer therapy. Methods Nude mice were divid-ed randomly into 4 groups (8 mice/group),and were treated by intratumoral injections of ZD55-hTERT ( an oncolytic adenovirus armed with small interference RNA targeting hTERT gene) ,ZD55-EGFP ( an on-colytic adenovirus) and Ad-hTERT (replication-defective adenovirus armed with small interference RNA targeting hTERT gene) with three consecutive daily at 7 × 108 pfu/day or treated with PBS as a control. The expression of E1A and hTERT, and apoptosis of tumor xenografts were assessed by immunohistochemi-cal technique at the 7th day after injections. The tumor volume was measured at the 50th day after injec-tions. Results The tumor volume in ZD55-hTERT treatment group ( 124.1±27.5) was significantly less than that in ZD-EGFP (499.8±77.1 ) and Ad-hTERT ( 609.0±102.5 ) treatment groups. The E 1A pos-itive expression in ZD55-hTERT treatment group was significantly higher than that in Ad-hTERT treatment group. The hTERT positive expression in ZD55-hTERT treatment group was significantly lower than that in Ad-hTERT treatment group. ZD55-hTERT treatment of tumor xenografts resulted in an increased apoptotie cell death as compared with ZD55-EGFP and Ad-hTERT treatment. Conclusion The antitumor effect of ZD55-hTERT was more potent than oneolytie adenovirus ZD55-EGFP and Ad-hTERT.     

梗阻性黄疸应激时大鼠胃粘膜血流减少的原因探讨

研究梗阻性黄疸应激时胃粘膜血流减少的原因。方法用结扎总胆管的大鼠冷束缚应激模型，测定胃粘膜血流和胃粘膜中内皮素１（ＥＴ－１），血管紧张素Ⅱ（Ａｎｇ－Ⅱ）和胃粘膜组胺Ｈ２受体（Ｈ２受体），肾上腺素能α１受体（α１受体）的变化，以及应激前使用抗ＥＴ－１血清、依那普利、甲氰米胍、酚妥拉明后胃粘膜血流的改变。结果梗阻性黄疸应激时胃粘膜ＥＴ－１和Ａｎｇ－Ⅱ明显增加，Ｈ２受体和α１受体明显减少和胃粘膜血流明显减少。应激前使用它们的拮抗物胃粘膜血流明显增加。结论应激时胃粘膜中ＥＴ－１和Ａｎｇ－Ⅱ增加及Ｈ２受体和α１受体减少可引起胃粘膜血流减少。应激前使用它们的拮抗物可改善胃粘膜血流，它们有保护胃粘膜的作用。