仲黄颗粒配合手术治疗骨量减少的腰椎间盘突出症临床疗效及对BMD、血清OPG水平的影响

目的观察仲黄颗粒配合腰椎后路椎间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)治疗合并骨量减少的肝肾亏虚型腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效,进一步探讨该方法的临床作用机理。方法选取自2014年5月至2017年6月,日照市中医医院共收治的合并骨量减少的肝肾亏虚型腰椎间盘突出症患者96例,其中治疗组48例采用PLIF术后配合仲黄颗粒口服治疗;对照组48例采用PLIF术治疗。分别记录治疗前和治疗后6个月、12个月Oswestry功能障碍指数(oswestry disability index,ODI)评分、骨密度T值及血清骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)水平三方面的变化及末次随访时不融合、融合器沉降及螺钉松动不良事件。结果治疗组和对照组分别有42例、40例患者获得随访,两组患者对临床疗效均较为满意,但治疗组满意度高于对照组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论仲黄颗粒可能通过升高血清OPG提高患者骨密度及术后长期临床疗效,从而减少术后植骨不融合、融合器沉降和螺钉松动不良事件的发生。     

Protective effect of zinc supplementation against cadmium-induced oxidative stress and the RANK/RANKL/OPG system imbalance in the bone tissue of rats

It was investigated whether protective influence of zinc (Zn) against cadmium (Cd)-induced disorders in bone metabolism may be related to its antioxidative properties and impact on the receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κΒ (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system. Numerous indices of oxidative/antioxidative status, and Cd and Zn were determined in the distal femur of the rats administered Zn (30 and 60 mg/l) or/and Cd (5 and 50 mg/l) for 6 months. Soluble RANKL (sRANKL) and OPG were measured in the bone and serum. Zn supplementation importantly protected from Cd-induced oxidative stress preventing protein, DNA, and lipid oxidation in the bone. Moreover, Zn protected from the Cd-induced increase in sRANKL concentration and the sRANKL/OPG ratio, and decrease in OPG concentration in the bone and serum. Numerous correlations were noted between indices of the oxidative/antioxidative bone status, concentrations of sRANKL and OPG in the bone and serum, as well as the bone concentrations of Zn and Cd, and previously reported by us in these animals (Brzóska et al., 2007) indices of bone turnover and bone mineral density. The results allow us to conclude that the ability of Zn to prevent from oxidative stress and the RANK/RANKL/OPG system imbalance may be implicated in the mechanisms of its protective impact against Cd-induced bone damage. This paper is the first report from an in vivo study providing evidence that beneficial Zn impact on the skeleton under exposure to Cd is related to the improvement of the bone tissue oxidative/antioxidative status and mediating the RANK/RANKL/OPG system.     

Comparison of the bone protective effects of an isoflavone-rich diet with dietary and subcutaneous administrations of genistein in ovariectomized rats

Administration of the isoflavone genistein (GEN) has been described to result in bone protection but also to induce uterotrophic responses. To compare bone protective effects of GEN with an isoflavone-rich diet (IRD) and to further elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in bone-protection, ovariectomized rats (OVX) received either a diet low in isoflavone content (IDD) enriched with GEN (42 mg kg⁻¹ b.wt d⁻¹) (GEN^d), an IRD (14 mg kg⁻¹ b.wt d⁻¹ GEN, 14 mg kg⁻¹ b.wt d⁻¹ daidzein) or were treated subcutaneously (s.c.) with GEN (10 mg kg⁻¹ b.wt d⁻¹) (GEN^sc) for 12 weeks. Intact (SHAM), vehicle treated OVX animals and those substituted with 17β-estradiol (2 μg kg⁻¹ b.wt d⁻¹) (E₂), served as controls.     

舒洛地特对糖尿病大鼠骨质疏松症的影响

目的：评价低分子肝素类抗凝药物舒洛地特（Sulo-dexide）对糖尿病大鼠骨质疏松症的影响．方法：将SD大鼠随机分为3组：正常对照组（C组）、糖尿病模型组（D组）、舒洛地特治疗组（S组）．D组给予腹腔注射单剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导;S组每日给予舒洛地特10mg／（kg·d）灌胃;C,D组大鼠每日给予等量生理盐水灌胃,观察12wk后各组大鼠体质量及血糖变化．应用显微镜观察大鼠骨组织显微结构并进行骨组织形态密度计量学分析,用双能X线骨密度测量仪（DEXA）测定股骨骨密度（BMD）．采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测骨组织骨保护素（OPG）mRNA,核因子-KB受体活化因子配体（RANKL）mRNA的表达．结果：12wk末光镜下均可见D,S组骨组织骨质疏松表现,且2组骨质疏松程度相似．D,S组平均骨小梁厚度（MTPT）均显著低于C组（P〈0．01）;平均骨小梁间距或弥散度（MTPS）均显著高于C组（P〈0．01）;S组与D组骨组织相比较,MTPT及MTPS无显著性差异．与C组相比较,D,S组骨组织BMD值显著降低（P〈0．01）;S组骨组织BMD值与D组无显著性差异．D,S组骨组织OPGmRNA明显低于C组（P〈0．05）,但RANKLmRNA表达均高于C组（P〈0．05）．D组与S组相比较,OPG mRNA及RANKL mRNA的表达无显著性差异．结论：糖尿病大鼠存在明显骨量减少和骨质疏松,舒洛地特对糖尿病大鼠骨质疏松症的骨质改变无明显影响．     

99Tc-亚甲基二膦酸盐对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠骨侵蚀的治疗作用

目的：观察99锝-亚甲基二膦酸盐(99technetium-methylenediphosphonate,99Tc-MDP)注射液对胶原诱导性关节炎（collagen-induced arthritis, CIA）大鼠模型骨侵蚀的治疗作用,探讨其治疗骨侵蚀的有效作用成分及可能的作用机制。方法：建立CIA大鼠关节炎模型,分为模型组、帕米膦酸二钠组、MDP组和99Tc-MDP组,关节炎指数评价关节肿胀程度;放射学评分评价骨质破坏情况;HE染色观察关节病理组织形态学变化;ELISA检测血清中核因子κB受体活化因子配体（receptor activator of NF-κB ligand,RANKL）、骨保护素（osteoprotegerin,OPG）和Dickkopf-1（DKK-1）的水平。结果：99Tc-MDP组、MDP组、帕米膦酸二钠组关节炎指数评分、骨质破坏评分均低于模型对照组（P＜0.05）;99Tc-MDP组与帕米膦酸二钠组、MDP组相比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;99Tc-MDP组、MDP组、帕米膦酸二钠组血清OPG水平高于模型组（P＜0.05）,血清RANKL和DKK-1水平低于模型组（P＜0.05）;99Tc-MDP组血清OPG水平高于帕米膦酸二钠组和MDP组（P＜0.01）,RANKL和DKK-1水平低于帕米膦酸二钠组和MDP组（P＜0.01）,但帕米膦酸二钠组和MDP组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：99Tc-MDP治疗CIA大鼠骨侵蚀的有效作用成分为99Tc与亚甲基二膦酸盐两者的螯合物,并且是通过促进OPG和抑制RANKL和DKK-1的表达发挥作用的。     

多发性骨髓瘤患者血清OPG检测及临床意义

目的：探讨OPG在多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者血清中的表达水平及与骨病、预后的关系,初步探索其在MM骨病和预后判断中的作用。方法：采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）技术分别检测28例MM患者和28例对照组的血清中OPG的水平。结果：MM患者的血清OPG水平为（222．4±114．8）pg／ml,与对照组相比明显降低（P〈0．01）。0～1个骨损组血清OPG水平为（312．4±129．6）pg／ml,而2～3个骨损组为（179．0±59．4）pg／ml,0～1个骨损组明显高于2～3个骨损组（P〈0．01）。MM患者血清OPG水平与β2-微球蛋白相关（P〈0．01）,与球蛋白相关（P〈0．01）,与白蛋白无关（P〉0．05）,与临床分期、免疫学分型、血红蛋白、血钙未发现有相关性。结论：MM患者血清OPG水平明显低于正常对照,且其降低程度与骨损害的严重程度密切相关;同时,OPG水平与β2-微球蛋白呈负相关,提示血清OPG水平可能对MM的预后具有重要意义。     

补肾健脾活血方对去卵巢大鼠BMP2/Smad信号通路的影响

目的:研究补肾健脾活血方对去卵巢大鼠骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP2)/Smad信号通路的影响。方法:72只6月龄雌性SD大鼠,随机分为假手术组(24只),手术组(48只),双侧卵巢切除法造模,术后3个月两组各随机选取12只检测骨密度验证造模成功。手术组剩余的36只大鼠随机分为双侧卵巢切除模型组(OVX),补肾健脾活血方组(BSJPHX,给药剂量2.979 g·kg~(-1)),阿仑膦酸钠维D3片(Ⅱ)组(ALN,给药剂量1.02 mg·kg~(-1)),假手术组,OVX组给与等体积生理盐水灌胃。12周后处死各组大鼠,双能X射线法检测大鼠全身骨密度,生物力学试验进行胫骨三点弯曲试验,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测BMP2,Smad1,Runt相关转录因子2(Runx2),骨保护素(OPG)基因的表达,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测BMP2,p-Smad1,Runx2,OPG蛋白的表达。结果:造模3个月后,与假手术组比较,OVX组大鼠骨密度明显降低,最大载荷及刚度均降低,BMP2,Smad1,Runx2,OPG基因和蛋白表达水平显著降低(P0.05);给药3个月后,与OVX组比较,BSJPHX组,ALN组骨密度均明显增高,最大载荷及刚度均增加,能显著提高BMP2,Smad1,Runx2,OPG基因和蛋白表达水平(P0.05)。结论:补肾健脾活血方既能通过调控BMP2/Smad通路的信号转导,又能上调OPG的表达,这可能是补肾健脾活血方防治绝经后骨质疏松症的机制之一。     

2型糖尿病合并颈动脉狭窄患者血清FGF23水平与颈动脉斑块稳定性的关联性研究

目的:探讨血清FGF23对2型糖尿病合并颈动脉狭窄(ICAS)患者不稳定斑块稳定性的作用。方法:选取糖尿病患者78例,分为无ICAS(WICAS)组47例和ICAS组31例,ICAS组行颈动脉内膜切除术。比较2组的血清FGF23、骨保护素(OPG)水平、颈动脉狭窄程度、颈动脉斑块稳定性等。另外,对ICAS组血清FGF23水平与颈动脉狭窄、颈动脉斑块的稳定性及其与炎性细胞因子超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的相关性进行评估。结果:与WICAS组相比,ICAS组的FGF23水平更高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且FGF23水平与ICAS组不稳定斑块的稳定性显著相关(P0.001)。结论:2型糖尿病颈动脉狭窄患者血清FGF23水平与患者颈动脉狭窄斑块不稳定性明显相关。