Final lengthening in Parkinsonian French Speech: Effects of position in phrase on the duration of CV syllables and speech segments

This study had two objectives. The first was to analyse the impact of Parkinson's disease (PD) on the duration of CV syllables and their components in different positions within phrases in French; the second was to examine the distribution of final lengthening (FL) on syllable sub-components. Two main tendencies emerged: (1) PD patients produced normal FL, and (2) FL influenced vowels more than consonants. These findings suggest that PD speakers had no difficulty with FL and that there is a progressive lengthening across the sub-constituents of the final syllable. More fundamentally, these results indicate that the syntactic function of prosody is intact in PD patients, at least during the early and mild stages of the disease.     

Duration of disease does not equally influence all aspects of quality of life in Parkinson’s disease

Health related quality of life (HRQoL) is negatively impacted in patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD). For the specific components that comprise HRQoL, the relationship between clinical variables, such as disease duration, is not fully characterized. In this cross-sectional study (n = 302), self-reported HRQoL on the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) was evaluated as a global construct as well as individual subscale scores. HRQoL was compared in three groups: those within 5 years of diagnosis, those within 6–10 years of diagnosis, and those greater than 11 years since diagnosis. Non-parametric analyses revealed lower HRQoL with increasing disease duration when assessed as a global construct. However, when subscales were evaluated, difficulties with bodily discomfort and cognitive complaints were comparable in individuals in the 1–5 years and 6–10 year duration groups. Exploratory regression analyses suggested disease duration does explain unique variance in some subscales, even after controlling for Hoehn and Yahr stage and neuropsychiatric features. Our findings show that HRQoL domains in PD patients are affected differentially across the duration of the disease. Clinicians and researchers may need to tailor interventions intended to improve HRQoL at different domains as the disease progresses.     

Swallowing disturbances in Parkinson's disease: A multivariate analysis of contributing factors

BackgroundSwallowing disturbances are an important issue in Parkinson's disease (PD) as several studies have shown that they are associated with increased risk of aspiration pneumonia and mortality. Information about factors related to swallowing disturbances, such as disease duration, age at assessment and concomitant dementia, is limited and would be useful for their management.MethodsAll consecutive PD out-patients evaluated at a movement disorders clinic over a 7-year period (2007–2014), were included in the present retrospective study. Presence of symptomatic swallowing disturbances was assessed using the specific item of the Non Motor Symptom Questionnaire.ResultsIn the whole PD population (N = 6462), prevalence of symptomatic swallowing disturbances was 11.7% (95%CI, 10.9–12.5). Multivariable logistic regression analysis (adjusted for education) disclosed a significant interaction between disease duration and gender (P = 0.009). In both gender strata, swallowing disturbances were significantly associated with longer disease duration and dementia (P < 0.001 for all). A significant effect for age at assessment was also found in male patients. In non-demented patients, swallowing disturbances were associated with male gender, age and disease duration (P < 0.02 for all). In demented patients an association was found only with male gender (P = 0.018) and disease duration (P < 0.001).ConclusionsGender, age, disease duration and dementia all seem to contribute to the occurrence of swallowing disturbances independently. However, the role played by these factors in sub-groups of patients stratified by gender and concomitant dementia suggests that swallowing disturbances are likely related to different neuro-degenerative patterns within the brain. The underlying mechanisms deserve further investigation.     

安装心脏植入型电子装置的肥厚型心肌病患者合并严重房室阻滞的影响因素分析

目的:探索安装心脏植入型电子装置的肥厚型心肌病(HCM)患者发生严重房室阻滞(AVB)的影响因素。方法:连续收集2002年11月至2013年6月在我院心律失常中心安装心脏植入型电子装置且出院诊断为HCM的患者126例,男性71例,女性55例,平均年龄(57.02±14.93)岁。根据是否有高度及以上AVB,将患者分为严重AVB组(28例)和非严重AVB组(98例)。比较两组患者一般临床资料、血清学检查、心电图及超声心动图指标,应用二分类Logistic回归分析探讨HCM患者发生严重AVB的影响因素。结果:126例患者中,103例植入起搏器,22例安装埋藏式心脏复律除颤器(ICD),1例进行心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)。非严重AVB组患者年龄(58.0±13.2)岁,女性45例(45.9%);严重AVB患者年龄(53.5±19.8)岁,女性10例(35.7%)。非严重AVB组与严重AVB组比较,心房颤动比例、静息左心室流出道压差峰值、β受体阻滞剂及钙拮抗剂使用率显著升高,而糖尿病比例显著降低、QRS时限明显缩短(P均<0.05)。二分类Logistic回归分析示糖尿病(OR=5.023,95%CI:1.452~17.382,P=0.011)是HCM患者发生严重AVB的影响因素。结论:在安装心脏植入型电子装置的HCM患者中,糖尿病是发生严重AVB的显著影响因素。     

不同时间进行硬膜外镇痛对产妇产程时间的影响及母婴分娩结局分析

目的 探讨不同时间进行硬膜外镇痛对产程时间的影响和母婴分娩结局的影响。方法 选取我院收治的产妇165例为研究对象,选取的时间范围为2016年3月～2019年2月,按照产妇入院顺序分为活跃组、潜伏组和自然组,每组55例,活跃组产妇进行活跃期硬膜外镇痛,潜伏组产妇进行潜伏期硬膜外镇痛,自然组产妇进行自然分娩。观察三组产妇的产程时间、产妇的分娩状况以及不同时间点的视觉模拟评分(VAS),以及采用Apgar评分判断新生儿窒息情况。结果 潜伏组产妇的宫口扩张速度明显快于活跃组和自然组,潜伏期产妇的活跃期和第二产程明显短于活跃组和自然组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);三组产妇的第三产程差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。活跃组和潜伏组产妇的缩宫素使用率分别为50.91%和45.45%,明显高于自然组18.18%,产妇器械助产率分别为25.45%和30.91%,明显高于自然组14.54%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);活跃组和潜伏组产妇的剖宫产率分别为9.09%和7.27%,明显低于自然组21.82%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);三组产妇的顺产率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);三组新生儿的窒息情况差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。分娩后10 min和40 min,自然组产妇的VAS评明显高于活跃组和潜伏组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 在潜伏期对产妇进行硬膜外镇痛可以缩短产妇的活跃期和第二产程时间,加快宫口扩张,减轻产妇的疼痛,提高母婴结局。     

左束支阻滞伴心功能不全者QRS波时限及冠心病等变化研究

目的 探究左束支阻滞伴心功能不全患者的QRS波时限及冠心病、高血压等疾病变化特点.方法 选取2015年6月至2018年12月我院住院患者诊断为左束支阻滞伴心功能不全74例与不伴心功能不全70例进行比较,观察两组在QRS波时限、RV1振幅<0.1mV例数和冠心病、高血压等疾病例数的差异.将观察组74例按左束支阻滞特征分成真性与假性组,以QRS波时限大于、等于和小于150ms分成两组并分别进行比较.结果 伴心功能不全组QRS波时限(143.14±19.55)ms大于不伴组(131.29±13.55)ms(P<0.001).伴心功能不全组冠心病(55/74比24/70,P<0.001)、心肌梗死(12/74比3/70,P=0.019)、心肌病(21/74比0/70,P<0.001)的例数均高于不伴组.两组高血压(52/74比52/70)、糖尿病(24/74比30/70)的例数较高,两组在高血压、糖尿病、冠状动脉旁路移植、支架置入和RV1振幅<0.1 mV的例数之间无差异(P>0.05).对伴心功能不全者的第二种分组中,除真性左束支阻滞在心功能Ⅲ级(25/43比8/31,P=0.010)、假性在心功能Ⅳ级(16/31比11/43,P=0.019)和冠心病例数方面(27/31比28/43,P=0.013)较高外,其余所有的比较均无差异(P>0.05).结论 当患者左束支阻滞伴心功能不全时,QRS时限明显增宽,临床上更多见于冠心病、心肌梗死和心肌病者,上述特点可为此类患者的临床诊断和治疗提供参考和帮助.     

P波持续时间及E/e’对导管射频消融术后心房颤动复发的预测价值

目的探讨P波持续时间(P wave duration,PWD)及E/e'对导管射频消融(Radiofrequency catheter ablation,RFCA)术后心房纤颤(房颤)(Atrial fibrillation,AF)复发的预测价值。方法连续入组2018年7月至2019年3月于徐州医科大学附属医院心内科行首次环肺静脉隔离(Pulmonary vein isolation,PVI)的房颤患者61例,所有患者均在CARTO 3系统引导下完成环肺静脉隔离(PVI)并成功恢复窦性心律,术后定期随访,观察患者是否有房颤复发。根据术后随访的结果,将患者分为复发组和成功组,探讨PWD及E/e'与房颤RFCA术后复发的关系。结果本研究RFCA术后平均随访6月,导管射频消融术后6月房颤复发14例,成功组47例。①复发组和成功组平均P波持续时间(mPWD)分别为:(141.93±16.75)ms和(118.55±13.75)ms,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复发组和成功组E/e'分别为(15.61±4.11)和(10.53±3.03),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②二元Logistic多因素回归分析显示,mPWD和E/e'可作为RFCA术后房颤复发的独立预测因素,OR值及95%可信区间分别为1.078,1.021~1.138,P=0.006和1.420,1.094~1.843,P=0.008。③分别绘制ROC曲线显示,mPWD和E/e'预测导管射频消融术后房颤复发的最佳截止值分别为127.5 ms和12,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)及95%可信区间(CI)分别是:0.870,0.773~0.951和0.846,0.738~0.958,敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确度分别为:85.7%,78.7%,54.5%,94.9%,80.3%和85.7%,72.3%,48.0%,94.4%,75.4%。结论PWD和E/e'可作为RFCA术后AF复发的独立预测因素。PWD>127.5 ms、E/e'>12的患者RFCA术后AF复发风险增高。