扬州地区肝硬化食管静脉曲张初次出血80例患者诊治分析

目的探讨扬州地区肝硬化食管静脉曲张初次出血患者诊治特点。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2013年12月苏北人民医院消化内科收治的80例肝硬化食管静脉曲张初次出血患者病例资料。计数资料用率或构成比表示,率的比较采用χ2检验。结果由乙型肝炎导致肝硬化所引起的食管静脉曲张破裂出血所占比例最大;三腔二囊管临床运用可最大限度地挽救患者生命,为后期治疗提供时间;基础治疗包括止血、输血、抑酸、补液等,后期以硬化剂、套扎、硬化剂+套扎、手术、经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)为主,但套扎运用最为广泛;患者出血初期各项指标变化有利于指导临床治疗,对患者预后具有良好的评估作用。结论扬州地区肝硬化引起的食管静脉曲张破裂出血病因呈现复杂交叉性,治疗方法仍需进一步完善,以达到个体化治疗水平;及时正确的救治,对提高临床疗效、降低病死率有重要意义;早期的健康体检,对疾病诊治起关键性的作用。     

心脏刀刺伤合并肺穿透伤抢救成功1例报告

患者，男，15岁。于2006年1月24日18：00时被刀刺伤左胸部，急诊送入我院。急查胸部X射线片示：心包填塞、胸腔大量积血、血气胸。直接送入手术室行剖胸探查术。入室后心跳微弱、呼吸急促、血压无法测出、各种反射微弱。抢救同时分组进行，一组紧急气管插管、人工呼吸、心肺复苏；二组紧急剖胸探查止血；三组迅速建立静脉通道及中心静脉置管快速输血、输液，应用肾上腺素、多巴胺、阿拉明等药物抗休克治疗。血压恢复到70／30mmHg、脉搏138次／分。开胸后见心包内血液及血凝块约300ml，胸腔积血约2600ml，并有活动性出血。左心室前侧壁有1．5cm裂口与心室相通，左冠状动脉前降支远端断裂，左肺下叶有2cm裂口。经清除心包及胸腔积血，在扩充血容量基础上行心脏修补、断裂血管缝扎止血、肺叶修补等，出血得到控制。手术历时3小时，经积极抗休克、心肺脑复苏，患者生命体征逐渐平稳，血压控制在90～100／50—60mmHg。8小时后患者清醒，术后给予强有力的抗感染、抗凝、加强肠外营养及综合支持疗法，未发生心肌梗死后遗症，痊愈出院。     

眼球运动核综合征患者发生海绵状血管瘤报道1例

前言:眼神经的眼运动核综合征首次报道于1981年,其特征是同侧的第Ⅲ脑神经麻痹和对侧眼的高度麻痹。病例报道:1例59岁的男性患者突发复视与头痛。神经系统检查表明:左侧第Ⅲ脑神经存在核性眼肌麻痹,同时无任何其它神经检查的异常。M RI检查发现了1处典型的、爆米花样、平滑的左     

1例腹腔镜下左半肝切除术患者的护理

随着腹腔镜技术的日益提高,腹腔镜下左半肝切除成为可能,这些新的手术方式的出现,对临床护理工作也提出了许多新的和更高的要求。腹腔镜下行半肝切除,在我国尚无文献报道,国际上也很少。我院于2002年8月27日成功为1例左肝囊肿患者实行腹腔镜下左半肝切除,术后经精心护理和治疗,痊愈出院。现总结护理体会如下。     

内镜直视下喷洒生物蛋白胶治疗老年人下消化道出血28例分析

对我院2002-03～2005-12老年人下消化道出血在内镜直视下喷洒医用生物蛋白胶止血治疗28例，分析如下。     

侧脑室联合蛛网膜下腔持续引流治疗继发性脑室出血

继发性脑室出血通常是由于高血压性脑实质出血直接穿破所致,是一种病情凶险,病情复杂,并发症多,病死率很高的急性脑血管病,总死亡率达83.3% [1] ,目前国内外治疗方法不一。2 0 0 1年1月至2 0 0 3年10月我院采取超早期侧脑室引流,术后蛛网膜下腔置管持续引流治疗继发性脑室出血2     

米索前列醇预防剖宫产后出血344例临床观察

目的:观察米索前列醇预防剖宫产手术后出血的临床效果。方法:随机将有剖宫产手术指征的344例孕妇分为3组,分别为在胎儿娩出后给予米索前列醇200mg舌下含化(A组)、缩宫素静脉滴注及子宫肌层注射(B组)和对照组(C组,不给予任何药物),观察产后不同时间的出血量。结果:产后出血量及出血发生率A、B组均明显少于C组(P<0·05)。结论:米索前列醇对分娩后子宫具有较好的收缩作用,且给药方便、安全性较好。     

异位妊娠误行终止早孕方法2例

1病例报告例1患者,女,32岁,停经38天有恶心,厌食、乏力等早孕反应,尿妊娠试验阳性,自购“米非司酮和米索前列醇”口服3天,服药第4天阴道有少量出血,见有胎物排出(未经医生检查)。服药后第8天,腹痛剧烈、肛门坠胀、头晕、畏寒、出冷汗并晕倒1次,来我院就诊。既往月经正常,足月顺     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

消化道出血治疗八法

吐血、便血是消化道出血的常见临床症状,中医对此有比较完整的理论认识和丰富的治疗经验,本文摘取历代医家有代表性的医案,供临床参考使用.