安徽省4所综合医院临床护士营养护理能力现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查安徽省4所综合医院临床护士的营养护理能力,并分析其影响因素,为提高临床护士营养护理能力提供理论依据。方法 采用便利抽样法,2021年1月—2月应用一般资料问卷、临床护士营养护理能力量表对安徽省北部、中部、南部4所综合性医院的863名临床护士进行横断面调查。通过多元线性逐步回归分析临床护士营养护理能力的影响因素。结果 共回收有效问卷762份,临床护士营养护理能力总分为（235.16±44.02）分,条目得分为（3.73±0.70）分,其中营养专业知识维度和临床营养评估能力维度得分较低。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,工作年限、科室、定期接受营养护理督查、在校学习营养课、参加营养学习班、定期参加营养业务学习是临床护士营养护理能力的影响因素（P<0.05）。 结论 临床护士营养护理能力有待提高,护理管理者应重视对临床护士进行营养相关教育及培训,强化营养专业知识和临床营养评估能力,完善定期检查与考核机制,以提高临床护士的营养护理能力。     

Acute care nurses’ attitudes toward nursing students with disabilities: A focused ethnography

Discrimination towards individuals with disabilities is problematic within nursing. There have been calls to increase diversity in nursing and this includes embracing nurses with disabilities. Increasing diversity in nursing requires increasing diversity among nursing students; in this way, nurse educators are gatekeepers to the profession. Clinical education is a crucial element of nursing education, yet there have been very few studies related to the clinical education of nursing students with disabilities. There have been no studies of attitudes of acute care nurse preceptors toward students with disabilities in the United States. This gap is important as the majority of clinical experiences occur in the acute care environment. Utilizing a focused ethnography, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 acute care nurses with at least two years’ experience precepting students. While positive feelings about nursing students with disabilities were shared, thoughts and behavioral intentions remained negative. Six themes emerged: safety, barriers, otherness, communicating to meet needs, disclosure, and student versus colleague. Attitudinal barriers are the primary barriers faced by individuals with disabilities in becoming and practicing as nurses. Nurses in practice and education must embrace more inclusive attitudes towards individuals with disabilities.     

The Bachelor’s thesis in nursing: Characteristics and students’ approach and satisfaction

AimThe aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of the Bachelor’s thesis of fourth-year nursing students at a Spanish public university, the criteria that students used to choose a topic and students’ degree of satisfaction after completing the Bachelor’s thesis.DesignQuantitative study.MethodsWe examined 420 Bachelor’s theses carried out from 2013 to 2018 and conducted an online survey among fourth-year students in the 2017–18 and 2018–19 academic years (81 completed questionnaires).ResultsThe Bachelor’s thesis took the form of a research proposal. The most frequent proposal type was a qualitative hospital-based study whose objective was to understand the experiences of adult or adolescent patients, close family members, or nurses. Students chose topics for personal reasons. Most participants reported feeling satisfied with the knowledge and skills acquired.ConclusionsStudents completing a Bachelor’s thesis in the form of a research proposal have the potential to transfer their research skills to their nursing practice.     

乳腺癌内分泌治疗患者症状评估量表的编制和信效度检验

目的 根据乳腺癌内分泌治疗患者的症状特征,编制适用于我国乳腺癌内分泌治疗患者的症状评估量表,并检验其信效度。方法 在文献回顾及参照现有症状评估量表的基础上编制量表初始条目池;通过2轮德尔菲专家函询,形成初始版量表;通过对11例患者的认知性访谈,对量表条目进一步修订,形成临床测试版量表。便利选取2020年7月—9月在浙江省某三级甲等肿瘤医院门诊或住院的325例乳腺癌内分泌治疗患者进行问卷调查,检验量表信效度。 结果 形成的最终版乳腺癌内分泌治疗患者症状评估量表包括33个条目,探索性因子分析提取7个公因子,累计方差贡献率为68.76%;各条目内容效度指数为0.78~1.00,量表内容效度指数为0.91;内在相关性检验结果显示,量表各维度与总量表相关系数为0.58~0.79（P<0.05）;维度间相关系数为0.26~0.52（P<0.05）;总量表Cronbach’s α系数为0.94,重测信度为0.95,折半信度为0.84。结论 编制的乳腺癌内分泌治疗患者症状评估量表具有良好的信效度,适用于相关人群的症状测评。     

脊髓损伤患者及其配偶二元应对体验的质性研究

目的 探讨脊髓损伤患者及其配偶二元应对体验,为开展针对性的干预对策提供参考依据。 方法 采用目的抽样法,选取2020年4月—2021年3月入住安徽省某三级甲等综合医院脊柱外科的脊髓损伤患者12例及其配偶12名进行半结构化访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料归纳并提炼主题。 结果 基于二元应对系统交互模型归纳出积极应对（共同面对、一致的疾病信念、转变沟通态度）、消极应对（适应困难、过度的保护行为、回避或冲突）、困难与挑战（亲密感丧失、寻求外部支持、构建新常态）共3个主题和9个亚主题。结论 脊髓损伤患者及其配偶积极应对与消极应对并存。医护人员需重视对患者及其配偶积极二元应对的引导,重点开展以夫妻为中心的应对干预,使其能更好地面对疾病,改善临床结局。     

Quality indicators for breast cancer care: A systematic review

ObjectivesWe evaluated breast cancer (BC) care quality indicators (QIs) in clinical pathways and integrated health care processes.MethodsFollowing protocol registration (Prospero n^o: CRD42021228867), relevant documents were identified, without language restrictions, through a systematic search of bibliographic databases (EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE), health care valuable representatives and the World Wide Web in April 2021. Data concerning QIs, measurement tools and compliance standards were extracted from European and North American sources in duplicate with 98% reviewer agreement.ResultsThere were 89 QIs found from 22 selected documents (QI per document mean 13.5 with standard deviation 11.9). The Belgian (38 QIs) and the EUSOMA (European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists) (34 QIs) documents were the ones that best reported the QIs. No identical QI was identified in all the documents analysed. There were 67/89 QIs covering processes (75.3%) and 11/89 (12.4%) for each structure and outcomes QIs. There were 21/89 QIs for diagnosis (30.3%), 43/89 for treatment (48.3%), and 19/89 for staging, counselling, follow-up and rehabilitation (21.4%). Of 67 process QIs and 11 outcome QIs, 20/78 (26%) did not report a minimum standard of care. Shared decision making was only included as a QI in the Italian document.ConclusionMore than half of countries have not established a national clinical pathway or integrated breast cancer care process to achieve the excellence of BC care. There was heterogeneity in QIs for the evaluation of BC care quality. Over two-thirds of the clinical pathways and integrated health care processes did not provide a minimum auditable standard of care for compliance, leaving open the definition of best practice. There is a need for harmonisation of BC care QIs.     

微信小程序合并时间管理器在眼科患儿监护人出院宣教中的应用效果

目的 探讨微信小程序合并时间管理器在眼科患儿出院宣教中的应用效果,为眼科护士出院宣教干预提供借鉴。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取98例眼科患儿监护人作为研究对象,将2021年2月-5月住院的49例患儿的监护人作为对照组,进行眼科常规出院宣教,将2021年6月-9月住院的49例患儿的监护人作为观察组,使用微信小程序合并时间管理器进行出院宣教干预。比较2组患儿监护人对疾病相关知识知晓情况、满意度及按时复诊人数。结果 干预1个月后,观察组疾病相关知识问卷得分、满意度得分及按时复诊率均高于对照组(t=-5.223,P=0.001;t=-5.419,P=0.001;χ²=6.874,P=0.009)。结论 使用微信小程序合并时间管理器在眼科病房进行出院宣教,能有效提高患儿监护人出院后疾病相关知识水平、按时就诊率及监护人满意度,提升护理服务质量。     

玻切二期术后低视力人群的护理策略

目的对玻切二期术后低视力人群采取特殊的护理策略,来平复病人的负面情绪,提高治疗满意度。方法对2019年11月6日至2020年11月6日在我院接受玻璃体切割二次手术的96名低视力患者进行特殊护理干预,然后进行回顾性分析。结果在结合实际病情分析采取的特殊护理策略干预下,病人术后情绪稳定,未出现不良投诉事件,满意度较高。结论对玻切二期术后低视力人群采取特殊的护理干预策略十分必要。     

男性对配偶围产期丧失体验的Meta整合

目的系统整合男性对配偶围产期丧失体验的质性研究,为制订相关心理干预措施提供依据。方法检索中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL、PsychINFO、Embase、Cochrane Library数据库及数据平台中有关男性对配偶围产期丧失体验的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2021年4月。使用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价工具进行评价,采用汇集性整合方法进行整合分析。结果共纳入12篇文献,提炼出59个研究结果,归纳成11个类别,综合形成5个整合结果:存在多重情感体验、生活产生消极改变、采取不同类型的应对策略、面临的困境及需求、围产期丧失带来的益处。结论医护人员应打破对男性角色的刻板认知,积极关注男性对配偶围产期丧失的情感体验,联合家庭及医院,提供信息、环境、人文支持,减轻男性的照护压力,降低配偶围产期丧失对男性生活的消极影响,促进其个人成长。     

Protocol for a pilot and feasibility study of nurse practitioner-pharmacist telehealth collaboration to simplify complex medication regimens

IntroductionNew and flexible multidisciplinary workforce models are needed to address unnecessary medication regimen complexity in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). This study will investigate the feasibility of a nurse practitioner-pharmacist telehealth-based collaborative care model to simplify complex medication regimens.MethodsThis is a pragmatic, non-randomized pilot and feasibility study of up to 30 permanent residents from 4 RACFs in Western Australia. Simplification will be conducted in accordance with a validated 5-step implicit process. Nurse practitioners will identify residents potentially interested in and who may benefit from simplification, including any regulatory or safety imperatives that might preclude simplification. Medication regimens will be assessed by an off-site clinical pharmacist to identify opportunities for simplification in terms of drug–drug, drug–food, or drug–time interactions, and the availability of alternative formulations. The pharmacist will communicate simplification opportunities to nurse practitioners via video case conferencing. Nurse practitioners will then discuss simplification opportunities with the resident, caregiver and the health and care team, including any unintended consequences for the resident or RACF. The primary outcome measure will be feasibility (stakeholder acceptability, protocol adherence, recruitment and retention rates). Secondary outcomes include change in the number of medication administration times per day, medication and behavioral incidents, falls and fractures, hospitalization and mortality at 4 months.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee. Research findings will be disseminated through industry report, lay summaries, conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.