脑电分频积分定量法测定甜菜碱对清醒家兔脑电图的影响

本文采用脑电分频积分定量法测定甜菜碱对清醒家兔脑电的影响。清醒家兔静注甜菜碱250mg/kg后,出现高幅幔波夹杂低幅快波脑电,自发脑电积分值((?)vs)显著提高。动物安静少动。结果表明甜菜碱有中枢抑制作用。     

Paediatric admissions to a district general hospital intensive care unit

The characteristics of all the paediatric admissions made to a district general hospital over a three-year period were analysed in this study. Paediatric admissions averaged 23 per year (10% of the total admissions to the unit over that time). The mean age was six years, median age was four years. Sixty-two per cent were medical admissions and 38% surgical. Forty-seven per cent of the surgical admissions involved head injuries. Seventy-four per cent of medical admissions were directly related to upper and lower airway problems. Mean total admission time was six days, with a median of two days. Fifty-nine per cent (40) of all cases required intubation for a mean period of five days (median = three days). All cases were PRISM scored (Pollack, Ruttimann & Getson 1988). The mean score was 8. Ninety-four percent of admissions surviving to go home. There were a total of four deaths over the three-year period. The PRISM scores of those who died had a mean of 30, which was significantly different (P < 0.05) from the survivors who had a mean PRISM score of six and a median of four. The organs of one of the nonsurvivors were transplanted. Currently there is considerable interest in the feasibility of transferring all paediatric intensive care patients to a regional centre, the consequences of such a policy must be carefully assessed if its implementation is to be a success.     

The pitfalls of the dexamethasone suppression test: A biological marker of endogenous depression?

In the past few years there have been numerous publications which have stressed the value of the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) as a diagnostic marker of endogenous depression. Our own studies in 333 psychiatric inpatients and 121 healthy subjects did not reveal a differential diagnostic use for the DST. This result is in good agreement with other results in the literature. Our data demonstrate that intervening variables such as severity of illness, weight loss, sleep disturbances, situational stress, drug and alcohol withdrawal, and the pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone have an important influence on DST results, regardless of the diagnostic classification.     

粤西地区血小板聚集率正常人群参考范围的建立

目的 :为粤西地区血小板聚集率的临床检测提供参考标准。方法 :采用北京普利生仪器有限公司生产的 L BY-NJ型多功能血液凝聚仪。以终浓度 2 .5 μmol/ L ADP为诱导剂 ,对 6 38例正常人按年龄、性别分组 ,分别检测血小板 1m in、3min、5 min及 Max聚集率 ,并进行统计学分析。结果 :各年龄组男女性别 PAG无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ;小于 35岁年龄组与 35～ 5 5岁年龄组比较 ,PAG无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ;35～ 5 5岁年龄组与大于等于 5 5岁年龄组比较 ,1min及 3mim PAG存在显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5 )、5 min及 Max PAG相差非常显著 ( P<0 .0 1) ;小于 35岁年龄组与大于等于5 5岁年龄组比较 ,PAG有非常显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 1) ;小于 5 5岁年龄组与大于等于 5 5岁年龄组比较 ,PAG差异有极显著性意义 ( P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 0 1)。结论 :5 5岁以上年龄组与 5 5岁以下年龄组的 PAG结果 ,可作为粤西地区同类方法PAGT的正常参考值供临床检测参考     

肛肠肌电图对盆底疾病的诊断价值(附360例报告)

对3组患者均检查耻骨直肠肌,肛门内,外括约肌共1098块肉,共检测67880个运动单位电位。结果表明:便秘组肌电异常占82.2％(226/275),肿瘤术后组异常率为66.7％(14/24),脊髓病变组肌电异常率为98.4％(60/61),亦初步探讨肌电图对盆底疾病的诊断价值。     

Quantifying arbitrary magnetic susceptibility distributions with MR.

Magnetic susceptibility, as a physical property of materials, plays important roles in many physical, chemical, engineering, and medical applications. Its quantification becomes of significant interest when MRI becomes a commonly used technique in biomedical applications. A general method is presented here for quantifying arbitrary magnetic susceptibility distributions in a localized region on the basis of first principles of magnetic induction field distributions in space. A proof of the concept was demonstrated by computer simulations. The study establishes the methodological basis for quantitative magnetic susceptibility imaging with MR.     

造影剂到达腹主动脉的峰值大小与患者因素的关系

目的探讨造影剂到达腹主动脉的峰值大小与患者因素之间的关系。方法108例患者以2.5ml/s注射欧乃派克(300mgI/ml)20ml,12s后采用testbolus技术在腹腔干水平同层动态扫描腹主动脉,用dynamic evaluation软件测得腹主动脉的峰值大小,采用单因素回归分析和多因素逐步回归分析法研究患者的性别、年龄、身高、体重、心率、血压、注射位点、达峰时间及是否有心脏病、糖尿病、或化疗史对造影剂到达腹主动脉峰值大小是否有影响及影响程度。结果造影剂到达腹主动脉峰值大小,在男性平均比女性低;其随年龄、身高、体重、达峰时间的增加而逐渐降低,注射位点在手背静脉其值平均比在肘部静脉低;其不受心率、血压、是否有心脏病、糖尿病或化疗史的影响。参考公式:峰值大小(HU)=383.8400-身高(cm)×1.0909-体重(kg)×0.6760 注射位点×16.7878-达峰时间(s)×1.6882。结论可根据患者的性别、年龄、身高、体重、注射位点和达峰时间来适当调整患者CT血管成像时造影剂用量。     

经皮气管切开术在危重症患者中的临床应用

目的总结近年来我科经皮气管切开术在临床应用时遇到的困难及教训。方法应用PT技术21例,并与常规气管切开术32例作对照研究。结果PT可明显缩短手术时间、减少术中及术后的出血量且创伤小,拔管后切口愈合快。结论PT是危重患者快速建立长久人工气道的好方法,患者痛苦小,两者并发症的发生无明显差别,但PT不能完全取代正规气管切开术。     

危重病患者血浆胰岛素水平与细胞因子含量的关系

目的探讨危重病患者是否存在高胰岛素血症、胰岛素抵抗(IR)及与肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的关系.方法测定危重病患者123例和对照组30例的空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、TNF-α、IL-6的水平,并计算胰岛素敏感性指数(IAI),以评估危重病患者IR的严重程度,并分析各参数之间的相关性.结果危重病组与对照组的IAi分别为-1.95±0.38和-1.5±0.29,两者差异显著(P＜0.01).危重病按病因分组后各组IAI相比无显著差异(P＞0.05).IAI与危重病严重程度、TNF-α及IL-6的直线回归分析,直线关系r分别为0.86,-0.89,-0.87,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论危重病患者存在高胰岛素血症及IR.IR的程度与危重病程度、TNF-α、IL-6的水平有显著相关性.危重病患者的IR与TNF-α的升高有关,提示IAI可作为危重病患者病情严重程度的预测指标.     

A method for assessing quality of control from glucose profiles.

AIM: As the practice of multiple assessments of glucose concentration throughout the day increases for people with diabetes, there is a need for an assessment of glycaemic control weighted for the clinical risks of both hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. METHODS: We have developed a methodology to report the degree of risk which a glycaemic profile represents. Fifty diabetes professionals assigned risk values to a range of 40 blood glucose concentrations. Their responses were summarised and a generic function of glycaemic risk was derived. This function was applied to patient glucose profiles to generate an integrated risk score termed the Glycaemic Risk Assessment Diabetes Equation (GRADE). The GRADE score was then reported by use of the mean value and the relative percent contribution to the weighted risk score from the hypoglycaemic, euglycaemic, hyperglycaemic range, respectively, e.g. GRADE (hypoglycaemia%, euglycaemia%, hyperglycaemia%). RESULTS: The GRADE scores of indicative glucose profiles were as follows: continuous glucose monitoring profile non-diabetic subjects GRADE = 1.1, Type 1 diabetes continuous glucose monitoring GRADE = 8.09 (20%, 8%, 72%), Type 2 diabetes home blood glucose monitoring GRADE = 9.97 (2%, 7%, 91%). CONCLUSIONS: The GRADE score of a glucose profile summarises the degree of risk associated with a glucose profile. Values < 5 correspond to euglycaemia. The GRADE score is simple to generate from any blood glucose profile and can be used as an adjunct to HbA1c to report the degree of risk associated with glycaemic variability.