The terms ‘autacoid’, ‘hormone’ and ‘chalone’ and how they have shifted with time

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Structure detection of semiparametric structural equation models with Bayesian adaptive group lasso

Structural equation models (SEMs) are widely recognized as the most important statistical tool for assessing the interrelationships among latent variables. This study develops a Bayesian adaptive group least absolute shrinkage and selection operator procedure to perform simultaneous model selection and estimation for semiparametric SEMs, wherein the structural equation is formulated using the additive nonparametric functions of observed and latent variables. We propose the use of basis expansions to approximate the unknown functions. By introducing adaptive penalties to the groups of basis expansions, the nonlinear, linear, or non‐existent effects of observed and latent variables in the structural equation can be automatically detected. A simulation study demonstrates that the proposed method performs satisfactorily. This paper presents an application of revealing the observed and latent risk factors of diabetic kidney disease. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

上海交通大学医学院“211工程”三期重点学科建设探索

重点学科是“211工程”建设核心,重点学科项目的建设成效对“211工程”总体绩效具有重要影响.为了提升“211工程”重点学科建设水平,某医学院对第三期“211工程”重点学科建设项目的管理模式进行探索,通过对“211工程”三期重点学科建设和管理实践的分析,探讨新的管理模式给“211工程”重点学科建设所带来的变化,为完善和促进“211工程”重点学科建设提供有益启示和借鉴.     

2011-2013年四川省疾病预防控制中心科技论文分析

目的了解四川省疾病预防控制中心2011-2013年科技论文发表及其分布情况,为单位的科研管理、人才培养、队伍能力建设提供参考。方法按照论文数量、专业领域、发表期刊、第1作者的学历、职称、年龄等方面进行统计分析。结果 2011-2013年累计发表论文368篇,平均每年122.7篇,年人均发表论文0.23篇;论文主要分布于疾病预防控制领域;发表在86种期刊;第1作者总计286人(17.86%),以高级职称、本科学历、41~50岁人群为主。结论 2011-2013年,四川省疾病预防控制中心人均发表论文较低,且论文发表的杂志期刊级别较低,论文数量和质量均有待提高,今后应进一步强化科研意识,加强论文写作技巧培训,产出更高水平的论文。     

试剂盒法和福林酚法测定鹿瓜多肽注射液中多肽的比较研究

目的 筛选藿朴夏苓汤治疗早期新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）湿邪郁肺证的物质基础,预测其作用机制。方法 查阅文献及临床报道分析藿朴夏苓汤与早期COVID-19湿邪郁肺证的方证关系。运用TCMSP数据库筛选藿朴夏苓汤中潜在活性成分,将活性成分与新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）3CL水解酶、血管紧张素转化酶II（ACE2）进行分子对接,根据结合能筛选与两者均有较好结合作用的核心成分。借助Cytoscape软件构建关键成分靶点蛋白互作网络,筛选出核心靶点;通过STRING数据库进行核心靶点的GO分析,Cytoscape软件ClueGO插件进行Pathway、KEGG富集分析。结果 方证关系分析藿朴夏苓汤用于治疗早期COVID-19湿邪郁肺证,筛选出藿朴夏苓汤中潜在作用成分12个,核心靶点67个。其中通草中的通脱木皂苷元I,茯苓、猪苓中的过氧麦角甾醇,半夏中的黄芩苷与SARS-CoV-2 3CL水解酶、ACE2均具有较好的结合活性。GO、Pathway、KEGG富集分析结果显示藿朴夏苓汤中12个潜在作用成分参与调节刺激反应、信号转导、细胞死亡等生物过程以及白介素信号通路、癌症EGFR信号通路、酪氨酸激酶信号转导途径、编程性细胞死亡途径、MAPK信号通路等。结论 藿朴夏苓汤以化湿解毒、宣肺透邪治疗早期COVID-19湿邪郁肺证患者,菲酮、黄芩苷、酸枣仁皂苷、啤酒甾醇、常春藤皂苷元、过氧麦角甾醇、柠檬二烯醇、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-酮、通脱木皂苷元I、泽泻醇B-23-醋酸酯、泽泻醇B、新橙皮苷可能为其主要的物质基础,通过阻断SARS-CoV-2病毒蛋白合成,阻止病毒进入宿主细胞,通过调控白介素信号通路、MAPK信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、T细胞受体信号通路、C型凝集素受体信号通路,抑制相关炎症因子的表达发挥作用。     

Multi-level basis selection of wavelet packet decomposition tree for heart sound classification

Wavelet packet transform decomposes a signal into a set of orthonormal bases (nodes) and provides opportunities to select an appropriate set of these bases for feature extraction. In this paper, multi-level basis selection (MLBS) is proposed to preserve the most informative bases of a wavelet packet decomposition tree through removing less informative bases by applying three exclusion criteria: frequency range, noise frequency, and energy threshold. MLBS achieved an accuracy of 97.56% for classifying normal heart sound, aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and aortic regurgitation. MLBS is a promising basis selection to be suggested for signals with a small range of frequencies.     

基于灰度共生矩阵和人工神经网络的肺癌CT图像的分类研究

目的研究小细胞肺癌（SCLC）和非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的分类问题。方法217例肺癌患者．其中男性165例．殳性52例;年龄35～80岁,平均年龄61．5岁。其中SCLC108例,NSCLC109例。提取患者764幅肺癌CT图像的灰度共生矩阵,选取对比度、熵、能量和逆差矩4个特征值,借助临床确诊结果,利用多层前向（BP）、径向基函数（RBF）人工神经网络对特征进行训练测试。结果BP人工神经网络对10％的78例样本进行测试,SCLC42例预测正确．NSCLC33例预测正确．3例预测失败。RBF神经网络对10％的78例测试样本进行测试,SCLC42例预测正确．NSCLC36例预测正确、类似方法对样本总数的70％进行训练,用30％的230例进行测试;BP人工神经网络有209例预测正确。正确率为90．9％：其中SCLC111例预测正确,正确检出率为88．8％;NSCLC98例预测正确,正确检出率为93.3％。RBF人工神经网络有216例预测正确．正确率为93．9％,其中SCLC117例预测正确,正确率为93．6％;NSCLC99例预测正确,止确检出率为94.3％。可见BP、RBF人1二神经网络对SCLC和NSCLC均具有90％以上的正确率,高于人工诊断结果。结论基于灰度共生矩阵的对比度、熵、能量和逆差矩4个特征值能反映SCLC和NSCLC的有效特征参量．通过人工神经网络能达到分类目的,辅助临床治疗。     

“金课”理念下的线上线下混合式教学对科研护士的培养

目的 探讨在“金课”理念下的线上线下混合式教学对科研护士培养的探索和实践效果。方法 选取长沙市某三级综合医院36名有意向申请2021年科研护士岗位的临床护士为研究对象,在“金课”理念下基于线上线下混合式教学的形式,围绕科研能力及批判性思维能力培养,更加侧重学员的“分析、评价、创造”3个高级认知阶段,分别展开护理科研培训与实践。结果 培训后临床护士科研能力、批判性思维能力得分均高于培训前,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 “金课”理念下的线上线下混合式教学能有效提高临床护士科研能力及批判性思维能力。     

Breaking Down Silos: Mapping Growth of Cross‐Disciplinary Collaboration in a Translational Science Initiative

The importance of transdisciplinary collaboration is growing, though not much is known about how to measure collaboration patterns. The purpose of this paper is to present multiple ways of mapping and evaluating the growth of cross‐disciplinary partnerships over time. Social network analysis was used to examine the impact of a Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) on collaboration patterns. Grant submissions from 2007 through 2010 and publications from 2007 through 2011 of Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (ICTS) members were examined. A Cohort Model examining the first‐year ICTS members demonstrated an overall increase in collaborations on grants and publications, as well as an increase in cross‐discipline collaboration as compared to within‐discipline. A Growth Model that included additional members over time demonstrated the same pattern for grant submissions, but a decrease in cross‐discipline collaboration as compared to within‐discipline collaboration for publications. ICTS members generally became more cross‐disciplinary in their collaborations during the CTSA. The exception of publications for the Growth Model may be due to the time lag between funding and publication, as well as pressure for younger scientists to publish in their own fields. Network analysis serves as a valuable tool for evaluating changes in scientific collaboration.