Serum osteocalcin and bone isoenzyme alkaline phosphatase in growth hormone-deficient patients: Dose-response studies with biosynthetic human GH

Summary Serum osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) were measured in samples drawn at 8 a.m. in 7 patients with GH deficiency treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) (2 IU/day subcutaneously at 8 p.m.), and 7 normal controls. Patients treated with 2 IU/day had lower BAP than controls (P<0.05). Further, increasing doses of rhGH were given subcutaneously to each of the 7 patients for 3 consecutive 14-day periods (2, 4, and 6 IU/day at 8 p.m.) followed by 14 days off treatment. At the end of each period, the patient was hospitalized for frequent blood sampling from 8 p.m. to 11 a.m. the following day. A dose-dependent increase in area under the curve (AUC) was seen for osteocalcin (P<0.05), whereas the increase in AUC for BAP just failed to reach significance (P<0.10). The nocturnal patterns of serum osteocalcin in patients on 4 and 6 IU/day were statistically indistinguishable from those in controls. During treatment with 2 IU/day and the off-treatment period, the pattern was significantly different from controls (P<0.05). In conclusion, rhGH has a dose-dependent effect on basal osteoblastic activity and the nocturnal pattern of osteocalcin. Serum osteocalcin increases within hours following rhGH administration. However, 2 IU/day is inadequate to maintain normal levels and nocturnal variation in markers of osteoblastic activity.     

多项血清肿瘤酶标志物联合检测对原发性肝癌诊断的价值

本文对59例原发性肝癌(HCC)和97例其他肝病及消化道肿瘤患者进行了血清肿瘤酶标志物的联合测定。结果显示HCC组的r-谷氨酰转肽酶同工酶、碱性磷酸酶同工酶、醛缩酶同工酶及血清α-L-岩藻糖苷酶的活力均较正常组显著增高(P<0.01),四种酶联合检测对AFP(一)HCC的诊断阳性率为80％,与AFP联合检测对HCC总的诊断检出率达95.7％     

谷胱甘肽S—转移酶异质性研究

本文以不同状态的大鼠肝细胞为对象,采用生化和病理学方法研究了谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)的异质性。根据GST同工酶酶谱分忻、GST活性改变状况和GST同工酶表达活性的改变等结果,表明GST无论在正常状态或病理状态下均具有显著的异质性。     

对绞窄性肠梗阻早期实验室诊断的进一步探讨

采用Encoer Ⅱ型全自动生化分析仪和乙酸纤维膜电泳法对不同肠绞窄程度的犬血清和腹液进行连续检测,观察肌酸激酶及其同功酶和磷的改变。实验发现,对绞窄性肠梗阻的早期诊断不应晚于肠缺血后4小时。当肠壁血运障碍时,CK及磷可被大量释放入血引起升高。CK-BB型同功酶在肠绞窄2小时时己有显著性升高(P<0.01),由于其主要存在于胃肠道,无疑对肠绞窄的早期诊断有一定特异性。而CK,CK-MM,CK-MB和磷由于出现显著性升高较晚,早期诊断意义不大。同时实验还发现,各组动物在解除肠绞窄恢复其血运后,可突然出现CK及其同功酶活性和磷水平的升高。我们认为这是一种与缺血再灌注加重损伤有关的反应,提示我们在手术治疗中应注意到可能发生的迟发性肠组织损伤。     

温带臭虫和热带臭虫生活史各期蛋白质和酯酶的初步分析

本文利用等电点聚焦电泳技术报道了温带臭虫和热带臭虫生活史各期蛋白质和酯酶的初步分析。实验结果表明:(1)蛋白质带谱:温带臭虫雌成虫、若虫和卵各呈现28、30和29条;热带臭虫雌成虫、若虫和卵各呈现32、33和29条;(2)酯酶同工酶谱:温带臭虫雌成虫、若虫和卵各显示12、12和11条;热带臭虫雌成虫、若虫和卵各显示18、12和11条;(3)热带臭虫生活史各期的蛋白质及酯酶带数目皆比温带臭虫生活史各期为多;(4)两种臭虫若虫期的蛋白质带数目皆比各自其它生活史各期为多。     

溶组织内阿米巴同工酶的初步研究

用3株溶组织内阿米巴及1株侵入内阿米巴以琼脂糖凝胶电泳法检测其四种酶的同工酶,即:苹果酸酶、葡萄糖磷酸异构酶、磷酸葡萄糖变位酶、己糖激酶,以酶谱来区别不同的酶株群。结果显示:3株溶组织内阿米巴与侵入内阿米巴的同工酶谱有显著差异,但3株溶组织内阿米巴的酶谱几无差异,属于强致病的酶株群ⅩⅣ,对来源不同的溶组织内阿米巴,却属同一酶株群的原因进行了讨论。     

Tetrathiomolybdate protects against cardiac damage by doxorubicin in mice

Cardiac toxicity is the limiting factor in therapy with doxorubicin, an otherwise useful cancer drug. In this article we detail our study of a mouse model of doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in which, after 4 days' treatment, doxorubicin caused marked increases in plasma concentrations of creatine kinase, lactic dehydrogenase, and troponin I, indicators of cardiac injury; marked increases in the plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1(beta), both inflammatory cytokines; and a marked increase in the plasma concentration of interleukin-2, an indicator of cytotoxic T-cell activation. Therapy with tetrathiomolybdate, designed to limit copper availability, eliminated almost all of the increases of these six parameters in plasma. The marked protection against cardiac injury by doxorubicin in tetrathiomolybdate-treated animals suggests that tetrathiomolybdate would be of use clinically in helping prevent doxorubicin toxicity in patients. In other preclinical work, it has been shown that tetrathiomolybdate potentiates the chemotherapeutic effect of doxorubicin in cancer, so a double benefit might accrue clinically from the combined use of tetrathiomolybdate and doxorubicin. The mechanism by which tetrathiomolybdate protects against doxorubicin toxicity is of considerable interest. Our working hypothesis, based on the inhibition of interleukin-2 by tetrathiomolybdate as shown here, is that tetrathiomolybdate interrupts the inflammatory cascade at the activated-T-lymphocyte stage.     

ELISA法测定糖原磷酸化酶同工酶BB

目的建立ELISA法测定糖原磷酸化酶同工酶BB的方法.方法从心肌中纯化糖原磷酸化酶同工酶BB,制备单克隆抗体,以双抗体夹心ELISA法测定GPBB酶蛋白含量.结果方法线性可达100μg/L,平均回收率为102%±2.4%,低值和高值的批内、批间变异分别为5.1%,7.4%和6.2%,10.4%.参考值范围为1.05～6.53μg/L.AMI诊断域值为7.9μg/L.结论 GPBB方法简便、快速,适于临床应用,是AMI早期诊断的敏感指标.     

Alkaline Phosphatase: Diagnostic Value of Isoenzyme Determination

Abstract. The isoenzyme pattern of the alkaline phosphatases was determined in the sera of 51 normal subjects, 28 patients with hepatobiliary diseases and 17 patients with bone diseases. Two quick and technically simple methods of differentiation were used for a semiquantitative determination: stereospecific sensitivity to L-phenylalanine, especially of the small intestine phosphatase, and the separation of the bone and liver/biliary tract phosphatases by a combination of heat inactivation and stereo-specific inhibition. The basic principles of these methods are described. The results, statistically evaluated, are discussed. The alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum of healthy adults stems from isoenzymes of the small intestine (about 20%), of bone and of hepatobiliary origin. In hepatobiliary diseases the proportion of bone to liver/biliary tract phosphatases changes significantly in favour of the latter. In diseases of the skeleton, however, which are accompanied by increased activity of serum alkaline phosphatase, there is a significant increase in the absolute fraction of bone phosphatase in the total activity. In addition to the demonstration of these qualitative and quantitative changes in the isoenzyme distribution patterns, limiting values were determined for a normal group; values outside these can be considered as pathognomonic for diseases of the liver and biliary tract and the skeleton respectively. Of particular importance for early diagnosis is the fact that changes in the isoenzyme distribution pattern are demonstrable not only when the total activity is increased, but at a time when the serum activity lies still within normal limits. The methods used are suitable for a rapid and reproducible semiquantitative determination of the isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase, and for early differential diagnosis of diseases of the skeleton (especially metastatic tumours), the liver and biliary tract.     

急性心肌梗死微血管阻塞时冠状动脉血流及肌酸激酶改变的研究

目的　探讨急性心肌梗死 (AMI)合并梗死区微血管阻塞 (microvascularobstruction ,MO)时冠状动脉血流、血清肌酸激酶 (CK)及MB同工酶改变的特点及意义。方法　对 10例核磁共振成像 (MRI)诊断为AMI合并MO患者的心肌酶学等临床资料进行回顾性分析 ,并与 12例单纯AMI患者进行比较研究。结果　①AMI合并MO组冠状动脉再灌注的比例少于非MO组 (冠状动脉血流TIMI 3级 ;梗死后 :0 %比 4 1 7% ,P=0 0 30 ;MRI检测前 :5 0 0 %比 75 0 % ,P=0 173)。②MO组血清CK和MB峰值活力显著高于非MO组〔CK :(14 11 1± 92 8 3)U/L比 (84 5 2± 837 1)U/L ,P =0 0 5 0 ;MB :(11 7± 6 1) %比 (7 2±3 4 ) % ,P =0 0 4 3)〕。③MO组血清CK峰值大于 10 0 0U/L占 70 0 % (7/ 10 ) ,高于非MO组 (33 3% ,4 / 12 ,P =0 194 )。④合并MO患者单位梗死面积的CK峰值释放大于 5 0 0 0U/L的比例低于非MO组〔(2 0 0 % (2 / 10 )比 5 8 3% (7/ 12 ) ,P =0 0 72〕。结论　AMI患者合并MO时冠状动脉再灌注的比例较低 ,心肌酶峰值活力增高 ,但单位梗死面积的心肌酶释放减少。