Renal effects of adenosine and their inhibition by theophylline in dogs

Summary The action of adenosine on renal blood flow and kidney function in dogs was studied with bolus injections and infusion of adenosine into the renal artery. Simultaneous infusions of theophylline, 1–5×10^–6 mol/min into the renal artery which did not affect renal function by itself inhibited the adenosine induced vasoconstriction. From the bolus injection studies a dose response curve (DRC) was constructed. Theophylline shifted the DRC to the right in a parallel manner. pA₂-pA₁₀ was 0.98 indicating that theophylline inhibition of the adenosine effects may be interpreted as a competitive antagonism. Infusions of adenosine (0.3–1.1 mol/min) caused a reduction of urine volume, sodium excretion and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The decrease of GFR after adenosine infusion by 31.4% could be diminished by theophylline. It is suggested that adenosine action is based mainly on a constriction of the vasa afferentia in the outer zone of the cortex.with the technical assistance of O. JacobsPart of this work was presented on the 14. Frühjahrstagung der Deutschen Pharmakologischen Gesellschaft, Mainz, 18.–21. 3. 1973.Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Modulation of thyroidal radioiodine uptake by theophylline

Diagnostic and therapeutic use of radioiodine in the management of thyroid disorders depends on the ability of thyroid cells to concentrate radioiodine, a process regulated by thyrotropin and dependent on the intracellular increase in cAMP. We tested the ability of theophylline, a drug known to increase intracellular cAMP via inhibition of phosphodiesterase, to modulate the thyroidal radioiodine uptake in FRTL-5 cells, in mice and in humans. In FRTL-5 cells, theophylline increased the uptake of radioactive iodine and intracellular cAMP only at low concentrations (1 microM). In mice, theophylline increased slightly the radioiodine uptake, although this increase varied from 1.5- to 6.6-fold. In humans, theophylline decreased slightly the radioiodine uptake, a decrease that became more pronounced with time after radioiodine administration. These studies suggest that theophylline modulates the radioiodine uptake in a dose-dependent fashion, although the modulation is mild and probably not applicable to the clinical setting.     

茶碱缓释片联合噻托溴铵对稳定期COPD患者夜间睡眠低氧的临床疗效研究

目的 探讨噻托溴铵联合茶碱缓释片对稳定期COPD患者夜间睡眠低氧的疗效.方法 随机选择2015年3月至2016年3月本院收治的慢性阻塞性肺疾病睡眠低氧患者82例作为本次研究对象,将其平均分为对照组41例和观察组41例.对照组噻托溴铵治疗,观察组噻托溴铵联合茶碱缓释片治疗,观察比较两组夜间睡眠血氧饱和度、血气分析及肺功能指标.结果 观察组治疗后夜间睡眠血氧饱和度与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05);治疗后,观察组夜间睡眠血氧饱和度与对照组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05).观察组治疗后血气分析与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜ 0.05)治疗后,观察组和对照组血气分析比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05).观察组治疗后肺功能与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05);治疗后,观察组肺功能与对照组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05).结论 噻托溴铵联合茶碱缓释片可进一步改善稳定期COPD患者的夜间睡眠低氧、血气分析和肺功能,且安全性高.     

小剂量茶碱配合吸入皮质激素治疗小儿哮喘的疗效评价

目的研究小剂量茶碱与皮质激素治疗小儿哮喘的协同抗炎作用。方法选择80例中度小儿哮喘,随机分为治疗组、对照组(各40例),治疗组口服小剂量茶碱控释片(或胶囊)配合吸入必酮碟,对照组只吸入必酮碟。结果治疗组在皮质激素较快减量过程中的峰值流速(PEFR)始终在预计值的80％以上,皮质激素的维持量明显较对照组小。结论小剂量茶碱配合吸入皮质激素,可使皮质激素减量过程快,维持剂量小,茶碱的不良反应少,不必强调血药浓度的监测。     

286例血清茶碱浓度监测结果分析

目的：分析本院2006年8月～2008年8月间286例血清茶碱浓度监测结果。方法：利用荧光偏振免疫法测定血清茶碱浓度。结果：大部分患者血药浓度处于5～15μg·ml。范围内,且随着患者年龄的增加,血药浓度值增大;而血药浓度值越大,不良反应发生率越高。结论：应根据患者基本情况,个体化使用茶碱类药物,并监测血药浓度,使茶碱类药物得到更安全、合理、有效的应用。     

互为内标法测定人血清中茶碱与多索茶碱的浓度

目的建立人血清中茶碱与多索茶碱的HPLC测定法。方法血清经10%三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白,以Hypersil BDS-C18为色谱柱,甲醇-水（22：78,V/V）为流动相,流速1.0mL.min-1,柱温30℃,检测波长274nm;茶碱与多索茶碱互为内标。结果茶碱与多索茶碱均在1~40mg.L-1范围内线性关系良好,平均相对回收率均在95%~105%之间,日内、日间RSD均〈5%。结论本法操作简便、快速、灵敏度高,适用于临床茶碱与多索茶碱的药动学研究及常规血药浓度测定。     

健康人体内甲磺酸加替沙星对茶碱稳态药代动力学的影响

目的:研究甲磺酸加替沙星对健康人体内茶碱稳态药代动力学的影响。方法:采用HPLC法测定健康人体单独给药和合并甲磺酸加替沙星给药后茶碱的血药浓度,采用3P97药动学软件处理,选用非参数法计算药动学参数,Cmax和Tmax为实测值,AUC采用梯形法计算曲线下积分面积。主要药动学参数采用SPSS11.5软件进行统计分析。结果:单用和合用甲磺酸加替沙星后,茶碱的药动学参数Cmax、t1/2、CL、AUC0-12、AUC0-∞之间有显著性差异(P<0.01)。Cmax明显下降,t1/2明显减小,AUC0-12与AUC0-∞明显下降。结论:甲磺酸加替沙星对健康人体内茶碱稳态药动学有影响,两者合用可能降低茶碱疗效,提示两药合用应监测茶碱的血药浓度。     

青钱柳等几种别样茶中咖啡因、可可碱和茶碱的检测

目的：对青钱柳甜茶等几种别样茶中咖啡因、可可碱和茶碱进行检测,为别样茶的合理应用奠定基础。方法：采用超快速液相色谱法（RSLC）,AcclaimPA2色谱柱（150mm×2．1mm,2．2μm）,乙腈-水梯度洗脱;流速：0．5mL·min-1;检测波长：273nm,柱温：30℃。结果：除加入绿茶的商品中检测到适量的咖啡因外,青钱柳神茶、黄芩茶、多穗柯甜茶、悬钩子属甜茶,以及甜叶菊叶和湖北海棠叶中均未检测出上述3种生物碱。结论：相对于绿茶中含有较高含量的咖啡因、可可碱和茶碱,别样茶中未检出上述3种成分,为别样茶的科学应用提供指导。     

宣肺通腑法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期对照观察

[目的]观察宣肺通腑法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期的临床疗效。[方法]将62例慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者随机分为两组,治疗组32例,在西医常规治疗的基础上采用宣肺通腑法治疗;对照组30例,采用西医常规治疗。两组均以10d为1疗程,治疗1个疗程后,进行疗效判定。[结果]治疗组总有效率93.75%,对照组总有效率63.33%,治疗组优于对照组。[结论]宣肺通腑法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期疗效显著。     

Analysis of the impact of cryopreservation and theophylline on motility of sperm

Objective

Sperm parameters, particularly motility, decrease during cryopreservation. Theophylline generally enhances sperm motility. We analyzed effects of theophylline and freezing on sperm motility.Design: Experimental study.Setting: Private IVF lab.Setting: IVF lab of Mehrgan Hospital.