梧桐花粉主要变反原的分离纯化

以离子交换和凝胶过滤层析对梧桐花粉变应原进行分离和纯化,采用生物素-链霉亲和素酶联免疫吸附分析法（BSA-ELISA）测定其抗原活性,得到两个具高活性的单一变应原组分PT13和PT53。经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测得它们的分子质量分别为20ku和18ku。     

高效液相色谱法测定辛芩颗粒中黄芩甙的含量

目的：建立辛芩颗粒中黄芩甙的HPLC含量测定方法。方法：用NoVa-Pak C18柱,流动相为甲醇－水－磷酸（45：55：0．2）,在280nm波长处检测。结果：线性范围为0．1793μg-1.076μg。黄芩甙的平均加样回收率为100．94％,RSD为0．46%(n=5)。结论：方法简便、快速、精密度和稳定性, 合于辛芩颗粒生产的质量控制。     

茶皂素为乳化剂制备黄芩苷纳米乳及其促小鼠毛发生长的药效学研究

目的 以茶皂素为天然乳化剂制备黄芩苷纳米乳（baicalin nanoemulsion,Bai-NE）,并探究其对C57BL/6小鼠毛发生长的促进作用。方法 采用超声乳化法制备Bai-NE,利用单因素实验法对Bai-NE的处方和制备工艺进行优化,并对最优处方和工艺制备的Bai-NE进行理化性质和稳定性考察。以C57BL/6小鼠为研究对象,评价Bai-NE对毛发生长的促进作用。结果 Bai-NE的最佳处方为茶皂素用量为0.5%,油相用量为5%,最佳制备工艺为超声功率180W,超声时间10min,超声次数1次。制得的Bai-NE为O/W型乳液,外观均一,平均粒径为（225.1±0.6）nm,多分散指数（polydispersity index,PDI）为0.082±0.031,载药量为1.10mg/g,pH值为7.25±0.20。稳定性结果显示,Bai-NE具有良好的离心稳定性和储存稳定性。Bai-NE能显著促进C57BL/6小鼠的毛发生长。结论 茶皂素可作为一种潜在的天然乳化剂用于Bai-NE的制备,制备的Bai-NE对C57BL/6小鼠的毛发生长有促进作用。     

基于网络药理学和16SrDNA测序的当归六黄汤合煎与单煎治疗阴虚甲亢作用的差异研究

目的 探讨当归六黄汤的抗阴虚甲亢作用,阐释传统汤剂合煎和单煎的差异。方法 运用网络药理学方法,筛选当归六黄汤的主要活性成分和治疗阴虚甲亢疾病的相关靶点,并对交集靶点进行蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（protein-protein interaction,PPI）网络分析、基因本体（gene ontology,GO）功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）通路富集分析,构建药材-成分-靶点-通路网络;进一步进行实验验证,构建阴虚甲亢大鼠模型,评价当归六黄汤合煎和单煎对阴虚甲亢大鼠体质量、粪便含水率及相关血清学指标的影响;利用16S rDNA测序技术,揭示合煎和单煎对大鼠肠道微生物群落多样性的影响。结果 筛选获得当归六黄汤方中102个活性成分,检索出与阴虚甲亢有关靶点116个。富集分析获得871条GO条目和158条KEGG相关条目（P<0.05）,其中生物过程（biological process,BP）675条、细胞组分（cellular component,CC）77条、分子功能（molecular fu...     

经典名方甘草泻心汤基准样品的量值传递研究

目的 建立经典名方甘草泻心汤（Gancao Xiexin Decoction,GXD）基准样品的HPLC图谱及指标性成分含量测定方法,研究GXD基准样品量值传递规律。方法 制备15批GXD基准样品,建立特征图谱并选用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价》软件进行相似度评价,明确特征峰并对其进行归属。测定指标性成分甘草苷、甘草酸、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀的含量,计算指标成分转移率,分析指标成分在饮片-基准样品中量值传递的规律。结果 15批GXD基准样品指纹图谱相似度均大于0.90,共指认22个共有峰,甘草5个、黄芩5个、甘草和黄芩共有3个、黄连6个、黄芩和黄连共有2个、干姜1个;各指标成分从药材-饮片平均转移率分别为98.69%、98.13%、96.94%、94.59%、91.76%、88.08%、94.16%;饮片-基准样品平均转移率为49.08%、42.24%、28.34%、26.72%、29.32%、33.62%、47.93%。结论 特征图谱与多指标成分含量测定方法相结合,对GXD药材-饮片-基准样品的量值传递过程进行分析研究,为经典名方GXD制剂开发提供参考。     

2018年烟台市同期五起伤寒病原学研究及溯源分析

目的分析烟台市5起伤寒病原学特征及分子流行病学关联。方法2018年自烟台市5例伤寒确诊病例样本和流行病调查样本分离获得6株伤寒沙门菌菌株,病例发病时间自2018年5月26日至7月24日,分别分布于烟台牟平区水道镇、烟台蓬莱区登州街道、烟台龙口东莱街道、烟台牟平区文化街道、烟台芝罘区福莱山街道。采用常规细菌分离方法和XbaⅠ/BlnⅠ双酶切脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)技术对伤寒杆菌进行溯源分析,同时开展viaB毒力基因检测和27种临床常用抗生素敏感试验对伤寒杆菌进行病原学研究。结果6株伤寒杆菌经PFGE-XbaⅠ和PFGE-BlnⅠ电泳分为4个PFGE模式,其中3株菌同源性100%;1株多耐药菌(外籍患者),1株单耐药菌(外省滞留史患者),1株完全敏感菌,同一PFGE模式的3株菌药敏表型一致,除对氨基糖甙类和喹诺酮类部分抗生素中介外,对其他抗生素均敏感;除外籍患者标本分离株viaB基因阴性外,其他菌viaB基因均阳性。结论烟台寒杆菌对临床常用抗生素敏感性良好,仍需重视伤寒散发病例发生和伤寒输入感染。     

Helicase Hmi1 stimulates the synthesis of concatemeric mitochondrial DNA molecules in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Hmi1p is a helicase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae required for maintenance of the wild-type mitochondrial genome. Disruption of the HMI1 ORF generates ^– and ⁰ cells. Here we demonstrate that, in ^– yeast strains, Hmi1p stimulates the synthesis of long concatemeric mitochondrial DNA molecules associated with a reduction in the number of nucleoids used for mitochondrial DNA packaging. Surprisingly, the ATPase negative mutants of Hmi1p can also stimulate the synthesis of long concatemeric ^– mitochondrial DNA molecules and support the maintenance of the wild-type mitochondrial genome, albeit with reduced efficiency. We show that, in the mutant hmi1–5 background, the wild-type mitochondrial DNA is fragmented; and we propose that, in hmi1 yeast cells, the loss of the wild-type mitochondrial genome is caused by this fragmentation of the mitochondrial DNA.     

Methods of detecting mature human Ia-like antigen and their metabolic precursors

Ia antigens were shown to be present in the cell almost exclusively as mature alpha beta dimers which split into separate alpha and beta chains after boiling in SDS. In contrast metabolically labelling the cells with [35S]methionine resulted in only free alpha and beta chains being labelled. It is concluded that this widely used type of labelling, although useful for studying intermediate synthesis, should not be used for labelling mature cell surface molecules.     

凝胶色谱法半制备级纯化单克隆抗体

作者采用ＳｅＰｌｌａｃｙｌＳ－２００凝胶色谱柱，在快速蛋白液相色谱系统（ＦＰＬＣ）建立了肝癌相关抗原单克隆抗体半制各级纯化方法。该法是将ＭｃＡｂ腹水经４０％饱和硫酸铵盐析粗分离后，再用凝胶色谱纯化，一次上样量相当于５～１０ｍｌ腹水，可得纯化ＭｃＡｂ３０～６０ｍｇ，得率为６～６．５ｍｇ／ｍｌ腹水，回收率为６３％，一次色谱纯化周期２ｈ，整个分离纬化可在３ｈ内完成。经ＳＤＳ—ＰＡＧＥ和ＤＥＡＥ离子交换色谱法检测ＭｃＡｂ纯度大于８０％，ＡＢＣ染色法测定ＭｃＡｂ活性为，１：４００００（１．５６×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ），是一般实验室纯化ＩｇＧ类ＭｃＡｂ的实用方法。     

Electrophoretic investigation of nuclear membrane ribonucleases of rat liver and hepatoma-27 cells

Preparations of the nuclear membranes were obtained from purified nuclei of rat liver and hepatoma-27 cells, and from them enzyme-containing extracts of acid-soluble proteins were then prepared. The protein extracts were subjected to disk electrophoresis in 15% polyacrylamide gel. Ribonucleases (RNases) which are constituents of the acid-soluble proteins of the nuclear membranes of normal liver were found to be present as several different components which differed in their electrophoretic mobility and in several physicochemical properties from crystalline bovine RNase and the RNase of nuclear chromatin.Institute of Problems in Oncology, Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Kiev. N. K. Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR R. E. Kavetskii.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 12, pp. 670–672, December, 1977.