内镜下经鼻脑脊液漏修补术

目的 介绍鼻内镜下经鼻脑脊液漏修补的手术方法，并就相关问题进行讨论。方法 鼻内镜下经鼻手术修补脑脊液鼻漏35例，外伤性20例，自发性12例，医源性3例，术前根据临床表现、实验室检查、辅助以颅底CT扫描、脑池造影等获得诊断，采用自体阔筋膜片修补颅底缺损。结果 本组35例均在术后3-32个月进行随访，其中1次手术修补成功32例，2次手术修补成功1例，1次手术失败后拒绝再次手术2例，手术成功率94％，无颅内出血、颅内感染，无神经功能受损等并发症。结论 鼻内镜下经鼻脑脊液漏修补成功率高、手术创伤小，可以作为脑脊液鼻漏的首选手术方法。     

腹腔镜行消化性溃疡急性穿孔修补手术的临床研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜治疗消化性溃疡急性穿孔的临床价值。方法对腹腔镜手术组（腔镜组）53例和开腹手术组（开腹组）54例患者的手术时间、术中出血量、肠鸣音恢复时间、住院时间、使用镇痛剂例数、住院费用、术后切口及腹腔感染例数等指标进行比较。结果 腔镜组术中出血量、术后肠鸣音恢复时间、住院时间、使用镇痛剂等指标均显著小于开腹组（P〈0．05）。结论 腹腔镜治疗消化性溃疡急性穿孔具有侵袭性小、腹腔干扰小、术后痛苦小、肠功能恢复快、住院时间短等优点，且不增加住院费用，可取代传统开腹修补术。     

以唇动脉为蒂的唇瓣修复中度和重度唇全层缺损

目的探讨中、重度全层唇缺损的修复方法.方法在缺损一侧或两侧(若缺损较大,一侧唇瓣不够用时)设计以唇动脉为蒂的唇瓣向缺损区推进转移修复全层唇缺损.若缺损较大,单纯用缺损两侧口唇组织仍不足以修复时,可将一侧唇瓣向外侧延伸绕过口角至另一侧上或下唇(根据缺损是在下唇或上唇),形成包括上下唇组织在内的大型唇瓣向缺损区推进修复缺损.若缺损为单纯的红唇缺损,唇瓣切口应沿唇弓设计.结果临床应用于67例,其中上唇38例,下唇29例.缺损最大水平宽度3.5 cm,最小1.6 cm.单纯红唇瓣20例,红白唇瓣47例.单侧唇瓣10例,双侧57例.所有唇瓣均全部存活,伤口Ⅰ期愈合,修复后的口唇丰满,外形满意.结论唇动脉血管恒定,唇瓣血供可靠,本法不仅能用于单纯红唇缺损的修复,还可广泛用于红、白唇同时缺损的修复,因是用同类组织修复,且组织量丰富,故术后能完全恢复口唇所特有的红、白唇结构及功能,是修复中、重度全层唇缺损的理想方法.     

隐动脉筋膜蒂的交腿皮瓣修复小腿严重软组织缺损

目的探讨一种小腿严重软组织缺损的修复方法。方法以健侧隐动脉为蒂的顺行或逆行交腿皮瓣修复患侧小腿软组织缺损。结果本组8例均有效地覆盖受区创面,随访三个月,皮瓣全部成活。结论该皮瓣不牺牲小腿的重要血管,质地与受区相似,方法简单易行,血运可靠,血管蒂长,是修复小腿严重软组织缺损的较好方法。     

穿支蒂皮瓣修复臀骶部软组织缺损

目的探讨应用穿支蒂皮瓣修复臀骶部软组织缺损的手术方法及临床效果。方法1998年以来临床应用8例,其中男5例,女3例。年龄15～79岁。根据缺损部位及大小设计以臀部、骶旁或腰动脉的皮穿支为血管蒂的轴型穿支蒂皮瓣移位修复臀骶部褥疮、溃疡及外伤性软组织缺损创面。切取皮瓣达6cm×5cm～19cm×11cm,穿支血管口径1.3～2.1mm,游离穿支血管蒂长度为2.5～4.5cm。结果皮瓣全部成活,伤口期愈合。随访6～24个月,皮瓣质地优良,外形满意,溃疡无复发。结论穿支蒂皮瓣设计灵活,切取方便,血供可靠,不损伤臀部肌肉,供区无需植皮,是修复臀骶部软组织缺损创面的理想方法。     

第一掌背动脉逆行筋膜皮瓣修复示指软组织缺损

目的 介绍一种新型逆行筋膜皮瓣修复示指皮肤缺损。方法 我院于1997～2003年，采用第一掌背动脉逆行筋膜皮瓣修复示指皮肤缺损9例，该皮瓣以第一掌背动脉在第二掌骨背侧的纵轴为轴线，以筋膜为蒂，蒂部设计在皮瓣的远侧，供血动脉为示指桡侧指动脉。结果 皮瓣全部成活，随访半年以上5例，修复后指腹两点辨别觉为6mm～11mm(平均7．9mm)，外形满意，患均恢复原工作。结论 切取第一掌背动脉逆行岛状筋膜皮瓣修复示指皮肤缺损安全可行，是修复示指皮肤大面积缺损的较理想方法。     

自体皮源奇缺条件下瘢痕挛缩畸形的晚期临床修复

目的寻找对烧伤后畸形伴自体皮源奇缺患进行晚期修复的新方法。方法5例特重度、特大面积烧伤患治愈后伴较严重畸形，且自体皮源奇缺。采用柔软成熟的瘢痕皮肤作为修复的皮源，用扩张器扩张瘢痕皮肤后，切取中厚瘢痕皮片进行修复；不宜行瘢痕皮肤扩张术时，切取刃厚瘢痕皮片与异体脱细胞真皮基质组成复合皮进行修复。观察两种方法的疗效。结果所移植的扩张瘢痕皮片和复合皮均成活，功能和外形恢复良好，远期疗效近似正常自体中厚皮移植。结论采用不同厚度的瘢痕皮片修复烧伤畸形是可行的，可扩大自体皮源。此法对于皮源奇缺的瘢痕患尤其适用。     

Ⅱ孔型房间隔缺损直视修补术后心律失常的临床观察

210例Ⅱ孔型房间隔缺损术后发生心律失常90例,14种类型,共292例次,其中,室上性占96%。30例需药物治疗,93%的患者出院时恢复正常。本文着重分析心律失常的特点,讨论影响因素及预防措施。     

Patellofemoral joint cartilage restoration with particulated juvenile allograft in patients under 21 years old

BackgroundPatellofemoral joint cartilage defects are difficult to treat due to their unique thickness and topography.PurposeTo report the postoperative outcomes of patients age 21 and younger treated with particulated juvenile allograft cartilage (PJAC) for full-thickness cartilaginous defects of the patellofemoral joint. The primary aim was to report surgical outcomes and complication rates, as well as return to sport activity. A secondary aim was to provide objective scores of defect restoration by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment.MethodsA retrospective review of all PJAC cases conducted between 2012 and 2019 at a single tertiary care urban musculoskeletal institution was conducted. Patients 21 years old or younger with minimum clinical follow up of 1 year and postoperative MRI at a minimum of 6 months were included. Cartilage restoration by MRI was independently assessed using the International Cartilage Repair Society’s (ICRS) standardized system.ResultsThirty four patients, 36 knees, were included, with mean age 16.1 ± 3.1 years old. Return to sport rate among patients who participated in a sport preoperatively was 100%. On independent MRI assessment, two thirds of defects achieved an overall grade of normal or nearly normal, while 28 patients (78%) had majority defect fill. Primary graft failure occurred in two cases and one patient experienced a surgical complication.ConclusionRestoration of patellofemoral chondral defects in young patients with particulated juvenile allograft results in satisfactory short-term outcomes and postoperative MRI appearance, along with high rates of return to sport and low rate of complications and graft failure.What is known about the subject: Patellofemoral joint cartilage defects are difficult to treat due to their unique thickness and topography. Several cartilage restoration techniques are available, but these rarely achieve the same mechanical properties as native hyaline cartilage. PJAC is a cell-based technique that has demonstrated promise since its introduction in 2007.What this study adds to existing knowledge: This series of patients adds the largest single cohort of pediatric and adolescent patients who receive PJAC for defects of the patellofemoral joint. Surgeons treating patients in this age group should be aware of every technique, and their respective outcomes.     

RAD58 (XRS4)—A new gene in the RAD52 epistasis group

The RAD58 (XRS4) gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been previously identified as a DNA repair gene. In this communication, we show that RAD58 also encodes an essential meiotic function. The spore inviability of rad58 strains is not rescued by a spo13 mutation. The rad50 mutation suppresses spore inviability of a spo13 rad58 strain suggesting that RAD58 acts after RAD50 in meiotic recombination. The rad58-4 mutation does not prevent mitotic recombination events. Haploid rad58 cells fail to carry out G₂-repair of gamma-induced lesions, whereas rad58/rad58 diploids are able to perform some diploid-specific repair of these lesions.